JPH0137307B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for heating a vehicle, and more particularly to a method for heating a train or the like.

Conventionally, heating systems for commuter trains have been constructed as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is the car body wall, 2 is the door,
3 is a seat, 4 is a heating device installed at the bottom of each seat 3, 5 is a riser stretched between the floor surface 7 and the seat 3, and 6 is formed on the entire surface of the riser 5. 8 is a reflection plate which has a substantially U-shaped cross section and is installed opposite to and close to the riser 5, which constitutes the heating device 4; 9 is a reflection plate which constitutes the heating device 4; Each of the sheathed wire heating elements held at a predetermined spatial position within the plate 8 is shown.

Heating of the vehicle interior by such a conventional heating device is performed by radiation from the heating element 9 and convection. In this case, the temperature of riser 5 should be set to 65 at most.
The temperature of the heating element 9 was controlled to be below .degree. The electric capacity of the heating system in commuter trains is generally set at about 10 to 12 KW per car, but this value was the minimum necessary during the bitterly cold season.

Further, a heating device similar to the heating device 4 is installed in the seat part of each seat 3, and a heating device similar to the heating device 4 is installed.
In the example shown in the figure, approximately 1.25KW per sheet
It is set at around 1.5KW.

The conventional heating device configured in this manner has the following drawbacks. The first problem was that the start-up time at the beginning of the heating operation was too long. That is, in the above example, with the door 2 closed, it takes about 90 to 120 minutes for the room temperature to rise from 5°C to about 20°C. To solve this problem, if the heating capacity of the heating device 4 is further increased, the temperature rise time will be faster, but in this case, there is a danger that the temperature of the riser board 5 in front of the heater will become too high and passengers may get burned. give rise to sex. Note that this temperature can be estimated by the heating capacity per length of the heating element 9 of the heating device 4, and if this value exceeds 10 W/cm, there is a risk of burns.

Second, in a natural convection type heating system, the temperature difference between the air near the indoor ceiling and the floor is usually about 4 to 5 degrees Celsius, and this temperature difference is due to the heating capacity relative to the length of the heating element 9. As it becomes larger, it tends to expand proportionally, which is undesirable. Therefore, while reducing the rise time,
Even if the heating capacity is simply increased, such problems will occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating method for a vehicle that improves the start-up performance at the initial stage of heating in a vehicle.

Hereinafter, the vehicle heating method of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 shows the interior of a commuter train in which the vehicle heating method of the present invention is implemented. In each figure showing the apparatus for carrying out the present invention, including FIG. 3, parts that are the same as or correspond to the conventional heating apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated with the same reference numerals. The explanation will be omitted. In Fig. 3, reference numeral 1
0 indicates a heating device installed at the bottom of each seat.

In order to specifically illustrate one example of this heating device, FIG. 4 shows a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 11 denotes a riser board extending between the lower surface of the seat 3 and the floor surface 7 and having a large number of circulation holes, that is, ventilation holes 12 formed on the entire surface; 14 is a ventilation hole formed at the bottom of the reflector 13, and 15 is a seed held at a predetermined spatial position within the reflector 13. Each line indicates a heating element.
A convection type heating means 16 is constructed in cooperation with the reflection plate 13 of the heating element 15 of this sheathed wire.

Further, reference numeral 17 denotes a hot air type heating means, which consists of a case 19 having a ventilation hole 18 formed in the rear thereof, a heating element 20 installed inside the case 19, and a blowing means of a fan 21. The case 19 has an extended air outlet 19a.
is attached to the bottom of the riser 11 and the reflector 13,
As a result, the hot air generated by the hot air heating means 17 is forced to radiate heat directly from the ventilation hole 12 of the riser 11 and once from the ventilation hole 14 through the reflection plate 13 and then from the convection heating means 16. The air is blown out from the ventilation hole 12 toward the indoor side.

In such a heating device 10, when the heating power is turned on, at least the hot air heating means 17 is energized, but on the other hand, the energization of the convection heating means 16 can be arbitrarily selected. ing. Then, after the cabin temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, the hot air heating means 17 is turned off, and only the convection heating means 16 continues to operate.

Here, the hot air heating means 17 is limited to being usable only when there are no passengers in the cabin. That is, the convection heating means 16 and the hot air heating means 17 are energized and activated only when there are no passengers in the cabin, and the hot air heating means 1 is activated when there are passengers in the cabin.
7 is turned off and only the convection heating means 16 operates. The heating capacity of the convection heating means 16 is set to be the same as that of the conventional example. Therefore, when both heating means 16 and 17 are activated, the heating capacity increases by the amount of hot air heating means 16, and since forced air is used, the temperature in the cabin can be raised to a predetermined temperature in a very short time.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the heating device 10 in a sectional view similar to FIG. 4. In the heating device 22 shown in FIG. 5, reference numeral 23 denotes a riser plate 25 having a large number of circulation holes, that is, ventilation holes 24 formed at predetermined positions.
is a reflecting plate having a substantially U-shaped cross section, which is installed in close proximity to the riser 23 and constitutes the heating device 22;
6 is a ventilation hole formed on the lower surface of the reflecting plate 25;
Reference numerals 7 and 27a each indicate a heat dissipation plate which is held substantially parallel to the reflection plate 25 at a predetermined spatial position inside the reflection plate 25 and has a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 28 fixed thereto. This positive temperature coefficient thermistor 28 has a point (generally referred to as a Currie point) where the specific resistance value increases sharply at a predetermined temperature, and power consumption changes depending on the state of heat dissipation. In the heating device 22, the reflecting plate 25, the heat sinks 27 and 27a, and the thermistor 28 constitute a convection heating means 29.

This heating device 22 also has ventilation holes 31 on the rear surface.
The case 30 includes a case 30 having an air blowing means of a fan 32 installed therein, and is open at the front surface of the case 30 as an air outlet 30a, which aligns with the air hole 26 on the lower surface of the reflector plate 25. It is connected to the reflector plate in a similar manner.

In this heating device 22, when the heating starts when no passenger is on board, the thermistor 28 is energized and the fan 32 is operated to blow hot air with a large heating capacity into the cabin from the circulation hole 24 of the riser 23. . Thereafter, when the indoor temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or the operation of the fan 32 is stopped after a predetermined period of time, the system automatically shifts to heating using natural convection and with a lower heating capacity.

In this case, the heat dissipation from the thermistor 28 and the heat sinks 27, 27a is smaller than when the fan is operated, so the heating capacity is reduced, but the system is designed so that the required heating capacity of the vehicle is achieved in this state.

According to the vehicle heating method of the present invention,
The heating starts quickly and the temperature inside the room is uniform due to the fan effect.Furthermore, since the fan is operated when no passengers are on board, the permissible conditions for wind temperature, wind speed, and noise are wide, making this device easy to use. It can be designed and manufactured, and since it only operates during heat-up, it has a long service life.Furthermore, even if the heating capacity is increased, the temperature rise of the risers is small due to hot air heating, and it is excellent in safety. play.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the interior of a commuter train equipped with a conventional heating system, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the conventional heating system along the line - in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a heating system according to the present invention. A plan view showing the interior of a commuter train equipped with a heating system used in the method, Figure 4 is similar to Figure 3.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the heating device along a line, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing another example of the heating device used in the heating method of the present invention. 10,22...Heating device, 11,23...Riser board, 13,25...Reflector plate, 15...Heating element, 1
6, 29... Convection heating means, 17... Warm air heating means, 19... Case, 20... Heating element, 21
...Fan, 27, 27a... Heat sink, 28...
Thermistor, 30...case, 32...fan.
Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A riser extending from the lower surface of a seat in a passenger cabin to the floor and having a plurality of communication holes formed therein, a convection heating means disposed on the back surface of the riser, and the convection In a vehicle heating method that heats the interior of a vehicle by means of a blowing means that forcibly blows heat radiated from the convection heating means into the cabin, both the convection heating means and the blowing means are turned on only when the vehicle is heated up when no passengers are on board. A heating method for a vehicle, characterized in that heating is performed only by the convection heating means during a time period when the vehicle is being driven and there are passengers on board. 2. The heating method for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the convection heating means comprises a heat sink equipped with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor whose specific resistance value increases rapidly at a predetermined temperature. Method. 3. A riser that extends from the bottom of the seat in the cabin to the floor and has a plurality of circulation holes, a convection heating means arranged on the back of the riser, and heat radiation from the convection heating means. In a heating method for a vehicle that heats the inside of a vehicle by means of a blowing means for forcibly blowing air into the cabin and another heating means disposed near the blowing means, the blowing means and, characterized in that only the heating means or all of the convection heating means, the blowing means, and the heating means are operated, and natural convection heating is performed only by the convection heating means during times when passengers are on board. A heating system for vehicles.