JPH0146477B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water-permeable tile and a method for manufacturing the same. In recent years, while urbanization has developed in urban areas and surrounding areas, the natural ground surface has become covered with concrete, asphalt, etc., and when it rains, a large amount of rainwater concentrates on drainage equipment at once, exceeding the processing capacity of the equipment. There are many cases where the road surface is submerged in water or appears to be covered with water. In order to overcome this difficulty, efforts are being made to use water-permeable architectural flooring materials for pavements, etc., but the ones that have been seen here and there are ordinary floor tiles with holes drilled in them, Although there are concrete blocks with a similar shape, if the holes are made larger to increase water permeability, the strength will be significantly reduced, and when placed on a sidewalk, the heels of women's footwear will be exposed to the holes. It is a material that is not used very actively because it is difficult to walk due to the tightness, and if this drawback is avoided and the holes are made smaller, the water permeability deteriorates. In order to address the above-mentioned problems, the applicant has previously filed a patent application No. 157798-1987 for a water-permeable tile characterized by coating ceramic aggregate with a glaze and solidifying it, and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention aims to improve strength and reduce manufacturing costs by using bentonite, which is a cheap raw material, as a binder for the water-permeable tiles according to the prior application.

An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the attached drawings. First, ceramic products that are discarded as defective products are crushed in a crusher, and bentonite is added to ceramic aggregates whose particle size is adjusted to about 20 mm or less. The mixture is put into the mixer 1 at a ratio of about 15 to 30% by weight and kneaded, and a certain amount of the kneaded material that has gone through the kneading process is supplied to the container 8 attached to the pallet conveyor 2, and from the container 3 it is molded. The kneaded material is poured into a frame 4 and then pressurized by a pressure press 5 to form a molding process. The kneaded material that has gone through the forming process is loaded into the baking cart 6 together with the formwork 4, is carried into the baking kiln 7, and is fired by sequentially passing through a preheating zone, a baking zone, and a cooling zone in the baking oven 7. be. Next, the baked kneaded material is unloaded from the baking cart 6 together with the formwork 4, placed flat on the conveyor 8, and sequentially placed on the formwork 4.
is to be removed. In addition, in the kneading step, bentonite may be added while the powder is still in the powder.
When added as an aqueous solution, the adhesion density to the aggregate becomes higher.

A kneading step of kneading ceramic aggregate and bentonite in an appropriate ratio as described above, a molding step of pouring the kneaded material through the kneading step into the mold 4 and pressurizing it,
The kneaded material is then loaded together with a mold onto a firing cart 6 and passed through a firing kiln 7.The kneaded material is then loaded with bentonite 10 around the aggregate 9 as shown in FIG.
Since the aggregate 9 is made of ceramic, the bentonite 10 is integrated around the aggregate 9 with a substantially constant thickness, and aggregates 9 that are very close to each other are bonded and fixed by the bentonite 10. , a space 11 is formed between the aggregates 9 that are slightly apart. In other words, it can be said that bentonite 10 is solidified into a flat plate shape using ceramic granular aggregate 9 as a coating material and as a binder. Although it is economically preferable to crush and use ceramic products that are discarded as defective products for the ceramic aggregate 9, the gist of the present invention does not change in any way even if the raw materials are prepared and used as aggregate. . In addition, the particle size of the aggregate is selected depending on the dimensions of the finished product, but when laying it on pavements, parks, and promenades in shopping streets, aggregate size of about 300 mm x 300 mm x 50 mm is usually used. The optimum particle size of aggregate is approximately 20 mm or less. Also, the most appropriate mixing ratio of aggregate and bentonite is when 15 to 30% by weight of bentonite is added to the aggregate, but if more bentonite is added than this value, the surrounding area of aggregate 9 As the thickness of the coated bentonite 10 increases, the volume of the space 11 decreases, and the water permeability slightly decreases, but the strength increases; The water permeability improves, but the strength slightly decreases. In any case, actually 15% of bentonite is added to the aggregate.
Bentonite exhibits sufficient water permeability and strength within the range of 30% by weight, so there is no need to increase or decrease the amount of bentonite more than necessary, except for special uses. Furthermore, since the bentonite 10 integrated with the aggregate 9 has higher adhesive strength than the glaze, it forms a thinner coating layer than the glaze. Therefore, even if aggregate 9a with extremely small particle size is used, the space 11 can be sufficiently secured.

When using the water-permeable tiles of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, a certain layer of sand is laid on the ground surface, and the water-permeable tiles S are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the sand, as shown in Fig. 3. This method is almost the same as the construction method for concrete blocks.

The present invention is characterized in that ceramic aggregate and bentonite are kneaded in an appropriate ratio, the kneaded material is poured into a mold and molded, and the molded product is fired to obtain a water-permeable tile. Bentonite 10 is integrated around the aggregates 9 with a substantially constant thickness, and the aggregates 9 that are very close to each other are firmly bonded by the bentonite 10, and there are spaces 1 between the aggregates 9 that are slightly apart.
1 is formed, and the space 11 exhibits a water-permeable function. By using the water-permeable tile of the present invention on pavements, parks, promenades in shopping streets, etc., rainwater is considerably absorbed onto the ground surface during rainfall. This is an extremely excellent invention that can provide at a low price a sturdy and beautiful water-permeable tile that not only absorbs water and prevents disasters, but also contributes to the growth of trees in parks and other areas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the main part of the water-permeable tile, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the construction state. 1... Mixer, 2... Pallet conveyor, 3... Container, 4... Formwork, 5... Pressure press, 6... Baking cart,
7... Baking kiln, 8... Conveyor, 9... Aggregate, 10... Bentonite, 11... Space, S... Water-permeable tile.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large number of ceramic aggregates 9 are made of bentonite 1.
A water-permeable tile characterized by being coated with 0 and hardened. 2. The water-permeable tile according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of the aggregate 9 is 20 mm or less. 3. Knead ceramic aggregate and bentonite in an appropriate ratio, pour the kneaded material into a mold, and shape it.
A method for manufacturing a water-permeable tile, which comprises firing the molded product in a firing device. 4. The method for manufacturing a water-permeable tile according to claim 3, characterized in that 15 to 30% by weight of bentonite is added to the aggregate and kneaded.