JPH0146902B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] This invention is capable of displaying the appearance shape of a raw stone pile to be mined as a three-dimensional diagram such as a perspective view, and of displaying the appearance shape of a raw stone pile after mining processing based on the mining conditions of the raw stone pile. The present invention relates to a mining simulation system that can display a three-dimensional diagram such as a diagram and measure the amount of mineable ore.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, mining plans for mining raw stones are based on two-dimensional materials such as topographical maps and cross-sectional views, which lacks a sense of reality and problems that occur during the mining process. It is difficult to predict (for example, changes in the landscape of the raw stone mountain seen from the residents), and it is complicated to calculate the amount of ore necessary for planned production because it is done using a plameter and a computer. There were some concerns that it would take a long time. Therefore, by using panoramic photographs and viscosity models, it is possible to understand the rough stone mountain three-dimensionally.
In the former case, it is possible to grasp the current situation, but it is not useful for future consideration, and in the latter case, it has the fatal drawback of not being able to calculate reserves.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention was devised as a result of intensive research in view of the above circumstances, and its main purpose is to display three-dimensional views such as perspective views as an external display method based on a mesh-like topographical map that can be processed three-dimensionally. to display. Another object of the present invention is to create a mesh-like topographic map after mining processing by adding desired mining conditions based on a mesh-like topographic map data record body that can be processed three-dimensionally, and to create a mesh-like topographic map after mining processing. In addition to creating a topographical map after mining processing, a three-dimensional view such as a perspective view is displayed on an external display means based on the topographical map after mining processing, and a mesh-shaped topographical map before mining and a mesh after mining processing are also displayed. The amount of mineable ore is calculated using a mineral amount measurement method based on the topographical map.

[Structure of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, a measured plan view of a raw stone mountain whose elevation has been actually measured is divided into mesh shapes, and the mutual positions of each grid point of the mesh are A grid point data recording body consisting of elevations at the grid points; a mesh topographic map creation means that draws contour lines at desired intervals in the mesh based on the grid point data; The apparatus is equipped with a three-dimensional diagram creating means for displaying a three-dimensional diagram such as a perspective view seen from a viewpoint position on an external display means. In addition, the actual plan view of the raw stone mountain whose elevation was actually measured is divided into meshes, and a grid point data record body consisting of the mutual position of each grid point of the mesh and the elevation at the grid point, and the grid point data are The mining area is represented as a series of straight lines on the pre-mining mesh topographic map created by the pre-mining mesh topographic map creation means, which is originally drawn with contour lines at desired intervals in the mesh. It is formed by adding the boundary line data of the mining boundary line, the mining angle data indicating the mining direction seen from the boundary line, the mining angle data indicating the mining angle, and the final mining level data indicating the elevation of the final mining level (floor). A post-mining grid point data record body and a post-mining three-dimensional view such as a perspective view viewed from a desired viewpoint position are externally displayed based on the post-mining grid point data record body through an external display means such as a display or a printer. The method includes a means for creating a three-dimensional map after mining, which is displayed on the means.

【Example】

A mesh is provided on the map of the raw stone mountain where the measured elevation is indicated by contour lines, etc. This mesh consists of a set of mesh lines that evenly subdivide the above-mentioned topographic map, and in this example, the mesh lines are divided equally in the vertical direction (the Y-axis direction) and the horizontal direction (the X-axis direction). 0 to 23 consecutive mesh lines are provided at intervals. Then, each mesh line in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction intersects to form 23 x 23 pieces of the same shape, and 24 x 24 grid points are provided at regular intervals to serve as the intersection points. Become. Coordinate points (X, Y) or a matrix (m, n) are used to represent the mutual positional relationship of the grid points. In this embodiment, the horizontal direction is the X axis, the vertical direction is the Y axis, and the upper left in the figure is the base point (0, 0). Since a consecutive number (0 to 23) is assigned to each mesh line, the grid points can be represented by coordinates (0, 0) to (23, 23). Further, the elevation data of the point on the map to which this grid point Pn corresponds is read based on the actually measured elevation values such as contour lines, and the elevation data is determined for each grid point Pn together with the coordinates. The coordinates and elevation data (hereinafter referred to as grid point data) of all the grid points Pn determined in this way are recorded on a recording medium. In this invention, based on the coordinates and elevation data of all the grid points, three-dimensional maps such as a mesh-like topographic map (plan view) as shown in the first figure and perspective views as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are created. Can be displayed externally. In addition, by adding mining conditions to the coordinates and elevation data of this grid point Pn, it is possible to measure the coordinates and elevation data of the grid point after mining processing, and based on the coordinates and elevation data after mining processing, mesh-like Three-dimensional maps such as topographic maps (plan views) and perspective views can be displayed externally. By inputting this grid point data into a mesh topographic map creation means, a topographic map drawn two-dimensionally with contour lines within the mesh (hereinafter referred to as a mesh topographic map) can be output to an external display means such as a display or printer. can. That is, the mesh topographic map creation means first creates a 23×23 map based on data such as grid point data and mesh spacing.
Create a mesh consisting of frames. Next, a grid point having the highest level of altitude and a grid point having the lowest level of altitude are selected from the altitude data of all the grid points and displayed on the mesh. Next, for each piece that makes up the mesh, the three grid points P1, P2, which make up the upper triangle,
Taking P3 (see Figure 4 a), this P1, P
2 and P3 are replaced with U3, U2, and U1 in descending order, and it is determined whether the elevation of the contour line at a predetermined level is included in the right triangle formed by connecting U3, U2, and U1. If included, one point A exists between U3 and U1. Therefore, in order to find this one point A, the ratio of the absolute values of M and N between U3 and U1 at a predetermined level is determined and the coordinates of point A are specified (see FIG. 4b). Next, another point A' is between U3-U2 or U2-
Since it exists between U1, determine where it exists, and find the ratio of the absolute values of M' and N' as above.
Identify point A′. Draw a contour line directly connecting points A and A' (see Figure 4 c and d). This operation is repeated for all frames, descending one step at a time from left to right, for example. When the lower left frame is completed, the process returns to the upper right frame, and the same judgment is made for the triangular portion formed on the lower side of that frame, and the process is repeated in sequence (see FIG. 4a). That is, it is possible to draw contour lines having preset intervals within the mesh for each contour line of each level by performing two processes in one frame. Through these steps, the mesh topographic map can be displayed on a display or printer. In addition, in this invention, the mesh topographic map is
The input may be made using a digitizer or other input means that optically reads figures and inputs them as data. Next, a configuration for inputting mining conditions based on the mesh topographic map and creating grid point data after mining will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. First, set the mining conditions. As mining conditions, the mining range, mining direction, mining angle, and minimum elevation level are set as appropriate. Such mining conditions are input to the mining processing means, and here the mining range is represented as a series of a plurality of straight lines (hereinafter referred to as boundary straight line L). Figure 6b shows the mining range surrounded by five boundary lines L. This boundary straight line is a straight line connecting two points, that is, the linear equation f
It can be expressed as (x). Next, the mining direction is + (1) or - based on the boundary straight line.
(0) Expressed in numbers. In this case, if the mining direction is not parallel to the mesh's X and Y axes, the vector P indicating the mining direction
is divided into x and y components, Px and Py are determined, and the direction along the X-axis or Y-axis is treated as the mining direction based on the smaller of the angles α and β formed by P and Px or P and Py. In the illustrated example, α>β, so Py is used. Based on this boundary straight line and the mining direction, each grid point is divided into two, either within the mining range or outside the mining range. In FIG. 6b, grid points within the mining range are shown as black circles, grid points outside the mining range are shown as black circles, and grid points outside the mining range are shown as white circles. The mining angle is added to the grid points that are within the mining range according to all boundary straight lines, and the elevation data assumed after mining is measured by adding the mining angle. That is, the mining angle G is determined by dividing the vector A into x and y components in the same manner as the mining direction, and selecting the one A' that has a smaller angle with A, as shown in Figure 6d, and using a false inclination.
Let it be G′. The false slope G' is expressed as G'=TAN ^-1 (H/|X|) = SIN ^-1 (COSα*SING). Based on this G' angle, the elevation data of the grid points is calculated. When there are no grid points, the average of the two points is calculated and used as elevation data. This is done for each boundary straight line to the extent that the elevation data of all grid points within the mining range do not exceed the lowest elevation level. In addition, for adjacent parts between boundary straight lines, the higher one of a plurality of elevation data existing at the same grid point is determined as the elevation data of that grid point, and the elevation data after mining is determined (see FIG. 6e). All elevation data for grid points that are outside the mining area will remain the same. Grid point data can be obtained based on the elevation data of all the grid points obtained in this way. The above is the measurement method when mining from top to bottom, but the flowchart in Figure 7a shows the case where the lowest level or floor after mining has been determined in advance and it is determined from which position mining should be carried out. This is based on the following. In this case, as above, the point where the boundary of the lowest level floor is represented by a continuous straight line (the inner boundary line)
IL is the same as the above method, but since the mining angle is upward, there is a risk of mining to points (grid points) that should not be mined, so the outer (non-mining) boundary OL indicating the non-mining range is surrounded by continuous straight lines (outer boundary lines) (see Figure 7b). This divides the lattice points into terminal points of the floor portion, lattice points of the mined portion, and non-mined portion molecular points. Then, the grid points of the floor part surrounded by the inner boundary straight line (represented by black circles) are converted to preset elevation data, and the grid points of the end mining part outside the outer boundary straight line (represented by x) are not mined. Since it will be a partial section, the elevation data will remain the same. Elevation data of grid points (indicated by △) within the mining range that are outside the inner boundary straight line and inside the outer boundary direct image are subjected to adoption processing. In other words, for the grid points within that range, calculate the false slope G′ in the same way as described above, measure the elevation of each grid point, complete the elevation data of all the grid points assumed after mining, and calculate the grid point data. get. If the grid point data created in the above manner is input to the mesh topographic map creation means as described above, a mesh topographic map can be displayed on an external means, but here, the grid point data is input to the three-dimensional map creation means to create a three-dimensional map. The case of creating one will be explained. That is, based on the coordinates of the grid points and the altitude data recorded by each grid point,
A perspective view can be created by setting the Z axis at a predetermined angle (see Figure 2). This three-dimensional diagram creation means measures the difference between the highest and lowest levels from the grid point data. In addition, by inputting the perspective of the 3D map, i.e. the angle measured upward from the horizontal plane (elevation angle) and the angle measured counterclockwise from due south (horizontal angle), a pattern is created according to the size of the horizontal angle. The correction values are added to the grid point data to determine coordinates for the three-dimensional view. Furthermore, it is possible to create a perspective view using hidden lines in a three-dimensional view using contour lines (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Further, the mining volume can be measured based on the grid point data before mining and the assumed grid point data after mining processing. That is, the highest and lowest levels of elevation to be the target of mineral reserve calculation are set on the Metsuhi topographic map before mining and the Metsuhi topographic map after mining processing, and grid points having altitudes within that range are subject to calculation. do. Then, two right triangles are extracted from the three grid points in one mesh, and it is checked whether there is a part of the right triangle that is higher than a predetermined altitude level. If it exists, find its area (calculated as the actual distance based on the scale factor). The area of the range above the predetermined altitude level is determined by integrating all the values. This predetermined elevation level is determined based on the interval of slices when calculating the amount of ore, that is, the BET, so each BET
The area of the range above the elevation level is calculated. Then, take the average of the adjacent upper and lower areas and multiply by BET to obtain the volume between each level. In this way, by subtracting the volume after mining from the volume before mining for each level, the mining volume can be measured and output to an external display means. The three-dimensional diagram creation means may be processed by a normal computer graphic function, and based on each data given from the grid point data, correction processing is performed according to normally set elevation angles and horizontal angles.
The coordinates on the display are determined for each grid point and the coordinates are connected, and a perspective view can be drawn that is a superimposition of each cross-sectional view when the mesh is shifted by a predetermined angle. In addition, regardless of the specific configuration for creating a 3D diagram, any configuration can be used as long as it is a 3D diagram creation means that can be displayed via an external display means based on the 3D data possessed by grid point data. good. In the present invention, a case will be described in which a three-dimensional diagram with hidden line processing is externally displayed as a different embodiment. In this hidden line processing, grid point data is corrected using patterned correction values based on preset elevation angles and horizontal angles, similar to the perspective view, and coordinates on the display are obtained. Once the XYZ axes for creating the 3D diagram have been set, the coordinates of each grid point are input sequentially from the base point forward. At this time, for the surface formed by the grid points for each frame, if you leave only the ring part in chromatic color and fill in the overlapping parts as you move forward, only the frontmost surface will remain and there will be no overlap. Since the limbs of each part remain, it is possible to create a three-dimensional view (Fig. 2) without leaving hidden lines, which is preferable.

【Effect of the invention】

In this way, the present application is capable of setting desired mining conditions based on grid point data and displaying a topographical map assumed after mining on an external display means in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional manner, and furthermore, can also calculate ore reserves. This makes it possible to specify all possibilities before mining and to formulate an optimal mining plan.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a mesh topographical map of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view with hidden line processing, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the same,
Figures 4 a to d are conceptual explanatory diagrams of the mesh topographic map creation procedure, Figure 5 is a flowchart for creating grid point data after mining processing, Figures 6 a to e are conceptual explanatory diagrams, and Figure 7 a is a flowchart for creating post-mining grid point data using different methods, and Fig. 7b distinguishes whether each grid point is a floor (flat) part shown by ●, a mined part shown by △, or a non-mined part shown by ×. FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of the first invention, and FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram of the second invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A lattice point data record body that divides a measured plan view of a raw stone mountain whose elevation has been actually measured into a mesh shape, and includes the mutual position of each lattice point of the mesh and the elevation at the lattice point; A mesh topographic map creation means draws contour lines at desired intervals in the mesh based on the grid point data, and an external display means creates a three-dimensional diagram such as a perspective view seen from a desired viewpoint position based on the grid point data. A mining simulation system comprising means for creating a three-dimensional diagram as shown above. 2. Divide the actual plan view of the raw stone mountain whose elevation has been measured into a mesh, and create a grid point data record body consisting of the mutual position of each grid point of the mesh and the elevation at the grid point, and the grid point data. Pre-mining mesh topographical map creation means that draws contour lines at desired intervals in the mesh, and mining that represents the mining range as a series of straight lines on the pre-mining mesh topographical map created by the pre-mining mesh topographical map creation means. It is formed by adding the boundary line data of the boundary line, mining direction data indicating the mining direction seen from the boundary line, mining angle data indicating the mining angle, and final mining level data indicating the elevation of the final mining level (floor). A post-mining grid point data record body and an external display means for displaying a post-mining three-dimensional view such as a perspective view from a desired viewpoint position based on the post-mining grid point data record body through an external display means such as a display or a printer. A mining simulation system comprising a means for creating a 3D diagram after mining as shown above. 3. The mining simulation system according to claim 2, comprising an ore amount measuring means for measuring the amount of ore that can be mined based on the pre-mining grid point data record and the post-mining grid point data record. mining simulation system. 4. The mining simulation system according to claim 2, comprising a mesh topographic map creation means for creating a mesh topographic map after mining based on the post-mining grid point data record. ration system.