JPH0149965B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention A. Object of the Invention (1) Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a transmission comprising a gear train of a plurality of gear stages interposed between mutually parallel input and output shafts, and a shift piece for selectively establishing a gear train of the plurality of gears, the shift piece having a drive shaft extending parallel to the output shaft on both sides and a differential device connected to the output shaft; is arranged to be capable of rotation around an axis perpendicular to the input shaft, output shaft, and drive shaft and to reciprocate along the axis, extends in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft, output shaft, and drive shaft, and has a variable speed. The present invention relates to a vehicle transmission device in which a shift rod is connected to the shift piece and is capable of longitudinal movement and rotation around an axis in response to an operation.

(2) Prior Art Conventionally, in such transmission devices, the input and output shafts of the transmission and the drive shaft of the differential gear are arranged parallel to each other in a substantially horizontal plane, and the shift piece is directly connected to the shift rod. can.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention Incidentally, in the above-mentioned engine-front-mounted vehicle equipped with the conventional transmission device, the differential device is placed at the rear side of the transmission, and the cabin volume has to be reduced accordingly. I don't get it.

To solve this problem, the differential device can be placed below the transmission, but in that case the shift piece cannot be directly fixed to the shift rod, and the shift shaft, which extends perpendicular to the shift rod, can be moved around its axis. It is necessary to arrange the shift rod so that it can rotate and move in the axial direction, and connect the shift rod and the shift shaft. The simplest connection structure that comes to mind is a bellcrank structure, but when this bellcrank structure is used, the shift shaft and shift rod are connected at a position offset from the plane that includes the axis of the shift shaft, and the transmission The casing that houses the device must be correspondingly larger.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a vehicle transmission device in which an input shaft, an output shaft, and a drive shaft can be arranged vertically without increasing the volume of the casing. The purpose is to

B. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, the input shaft, the output shaft, and the drive shaft are arranged in order from above, and the shift piece rotates around an axis perpendicular to the shift rod. a first rotation axis parallel to the shift rod and perpendicular to the shift rod; They are interconnected via cross joints having orthogonal second rotation axes.

(2) Action The cross joint rotates around the second rotation axis in response to the rotation of the shift rod, the shift shaft moves in the axial direction, and the cross joint rotates in response to the shift rod's axial movement. The shift shaft rotates around the first rotation axis. Moreover, the shift shaft and the shift rod can be connected within a plane that includes the axis of the shift shaft.

(3) Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, in FIG. It is arranged to face the width direction of the vehicle V. On the side of this engine E, that is, on the side corresponding to the end of the crankshaft, there is a clutch 3, a transmission 4, and a differential gear 5.
A transmission device 6 is supported so as to protrude outward in the axial direction of the crankshaft. The driving force of the engine E is transmitted to a differential device 5 via a clutch 3 and a transmission 4, and the driving force from the differential device 5 is transmitted to a drive shaft 7 extending from the differential device 5 to both sides.
8, constant velocity joints 9, 10, transmission shafts 11, 12
and is transmitted to the left and right front wheels 15, 16 via constant velocity joints 13, 14.

Referring also to FIG. 2, the transmission 4 includes an input shaft 17 having the same axis as the crankshaft, and an output shaft 18 arranged in parallel below the input shaft 17. An idle gear shaft 19 is provided with a gear train for gears, for example, a gear train for 1st to 5th speeds, and is disposed diagonally above the input shaft 17.
A reverse gear train is interposed between the output shafts 17 and 18. When the clutch 3 is activated, the rotational power of the crankshaft of the engine E is transmitted to the input shaft 17, and the driving force is further transmitted from the input shaft 17 to the output shaft 18 via a selected gear train.

The differential device 5 is arranged below the transmission 4 on the clutch 3 side, and the drive shafts 7, 8 extending from the differential device 5 to both sides are below the output shaft 18.
It is arranged parallel to 8. The output shaft 18 of the transmission 4 and the differential device 5 are connected, and the power from the output shaft 18 is divided into two by the differential device 5 and output from both drive shafts 7 and 8.

Such a transmission 4 and differential device 5 are housed and arranged in the same casing 20, and the drive shafts 7, 8
rotatably penetrates the side wall of the casing 20 and protrudes to both sides.

In FIG. 3, on the inner wall of the casing 20,
A first fork shaft 21 parallel to the input and output shafts 17 and 18 is fixedly disposed, and
A second forkshaft 22 parallel to the forkshaft 21 is supported so as to be able to reciprocate within a limited range along its axial direction.

A fork head 24 for switching between first and second speeds, which is integrally provided with a shift fork 23 (see FIG. 2) for switching between first and second speeds, is slidably supported on the first fork shaft 21 . Further, a reverse fork head 25 is fixed to the second fork shaft 22, and a shift fork 25 for switching between third and fourth speeds is fixed to the second fork shaft 22.
6 (see FIG. 2), and a fifth speed fork head 29, which is integrally equipped with a fifth speed shift fork 28 (see FIG. 2), are slidable. supported.

a fork head 24 for switching between the first and second speeds;
Between the first forkshaft 21 and the first forkshaft 21, three
A detent mechanism 33 is provided in which the ball 31 is biased by a spring 32 in the direction of fitting into the two recesses 30. By this detent mechanism 33, the first and second speed switching fork head 24, that is, the first and second speed switching shift fork 23, is moved to the left position in FIG. 3 to establish the first speed gear train. , a neutral position where neither the first gear train nor the second gear train is established, and a position where the second gear train is established.

Further, on the outer surface of the first forkshaft 21, there are three recesses 34 spaced apart in the axial direction at positions corresponding to the fork heads 27 for switching between third and fourth speeds, which are slidably supported on the second forkshaft 22.
A ball 35 that can fit into these recesses 34 is held on a protrusion 36 of the fork head 27 for switching between third and fourth speeds.
5 is urged toward the first forkshaft 21 by a spring 37. This constitutes the daytent mechanism 38, and the fork head 27 for switching between 3rd and 4th speeds.
In other words, the shift fork 26 for switching between 3rd and 4th speeds
are the left position in Figure 3 for establishing the 3rd speed gear train, the neutral position where neither the 3rd speed nor the 4th speed gear train is established, and the right position in Figure 3 for the 4th speed gear train.
It is possible to arbitrarily move between positions for establishing a speed gear train.

The fifth speed fork head 29 is integrally provided with an arm 39 extending toward the first fork shaft 21, and a sliding member for slidably inserting the first fork shaft 21 into the tip of the arm 39. Hole 4
0 is set. Moreover, the arm 39 is provided with a hole 41 that extends between the first and second fork shafts 21 and 22 and is perpendicular to the sliding hole 40. A pair of balls 43 and 44 are inserted.
Moreover, the first and second forkshafts 21, 2
Recesses 45 and 46 for fitting the balls 43 and 44 are provided on the outer surface of the ball 4.
3 and 44 fit into the recesses 45 and 46, the position of the fifth speed fork head 29 is maintained in a moderate manner. This state is a position in which the fifth speed gear train is not established.

In this way, without establishing the 5th gear train,
The fifth speed fork head 29 is restricted from moving to the right as shown in FIG. 3 by the side wall of the casing 20, and can only move to the left to establish the fifth speed gear train. That is, at the right end of the second forkshaft 22 in FIG. The fifth speed fork head 29 moves to the left in FIG. 3 while compressing the spring 42 so that the ball 43 escapes from the recess 45 and rides on the outer surface of the first fork shaft 21. This movement establishes the fifth gear train, but the spring 4
2 is compressed and exerts a large spring force, so that the second fork shaft 22 and the fifth speed fork head 29 are substantially integrated. Therefore, when the second forkshaft 22 moves to the right side in FIG.
They both move to the right and return to the state shown in FIG. 3, and the establishment of the fifth speed gear train is released.

The reverse fork head 25 is integrally provided with an engagement arm 48 that has a U-shaped tip and engages with the first fork shaft 21.
8 serves to prevent the second forkshaft 22 from rotating. Further, an engagement pin 49 is integrally provided on the reverse fork head 25, and as shown in FIG. is engaged with. The reverse shift fork 50 is rotatably supported by a holder 53 via a shaft 52 orthogonal to the axis of the second fork shaft 22.
3 is fixed to the casing 20.

The engagement hole 51 connects the second fork shaft 22 when the reverse shift fork 50 is in the neutral position.
A parallel portion 54 parallel to the second forkshaft 22 and an orthogonal portion 55 perpendicular to the second forkshaft 22 are connected in an L-shape, and the second forkshaft 22
As shown in the figure, the engagement pin 49 is located at the bent portion of the engagement hole 51 when it is in the neutral position where it does not move to the left or right.

When the second fork shaft 22 is moved to the right side in FIG. 3, that is, the engagement pin 49 is moved in the direction of the arrow 56, the reverse shift fork 50 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 4, and the reverse gear train is rotated. Establish. To cancel the establishment of the reverse gear train, the second fork shaft 22 is moved to the left in FIG. 3 to bring it into the state shown in FIG.
is rotated clockwise to the neutral position as shown in Fig. 4. Furthermore, when the second forkshaft 22 is moved to the left from the state shown in FIG. 3 in order to establish the fifth speed gear train, the engagement pin 49 only moves along the parallel portion 54 of the engagement hole 51. The reverse shift fork 50 does not rotate.

A detent mechanism (not shown) is provided between the reverse shift fork 50 and the holder 53, and the rotational movement of the reverse shift fork 50 is performed in a moderate manner.

1st and 2nd speed switching fork head 24, 3rd,
As shown in FIG. 2, the 4th speed switching fork head 27 and the reverse fork head 25 have a U-shaped first and second speed switching locking part 57, a third,
A locking portion 58 for switching to the fourth speed and a locking portion 59 for switching to the fifth speed and reverse are each integrally provided.
These are arranged adjacent to each other in this order from the first forkshaft 21 toward the second forkshaft 22, that is, from the bottom to the top.

Inside the casing 20, the respective locking portions 57, 5 are provided.
A select and shift mechanism 60 for performing selection operations of 8 and 59 is provided.

5 and 6, the select and shift mechanism 60 includes an input shaft 17, an output shaft 18
and a shift shaft 6 that extends vertically perpendicularly to the drive shafts 7 and 8 and is supported by the casing 20 to allow movement in the axial direction and rotation around the axis.
1, a shift piece 63 that is fixed to an intermediate portion of the shift shaft 61 and integrally includes an engagement protrusion 62 that can be selectively engaged with each of the locking parts 57, 58, 59; Input shaft 1
7. A shift rod 64 that extends horizontally orthogonally to the output shaft 18 and the drive shafts 7 and 8 and is supported at the lower part of the casing 20 to enable movement in the axial direction and rotation about the axis; the shift shaft 61 and the shift rod 64; and a cross joint 65 that connects the two.

A spring 66 is interposed between the upper end of the shift shaft 61 and the upper part of the casing 20, and the spring force of the spring 66 urges the shift shaft 61 downward. Also, shift shaft 6
A recess 67 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate portion of the housing 1, and a bolt 68 screwed onto the casing 20 is engaged with the recess 67. This restricts the axial movement range and rotation range of the shift shaft 61 around the axis.

The shift rod 64 moves in the axial direction or rotates around the axis in response to a speed change operation by the driver of the vehicle V, and is connected to a transmission (not shown) and thrust into the casing 20. Moreover, a bellows-shaped cover 69 is provided between the casing 20 and the shift rod 64 at the portion where the shift rod 64 enters the casing 20.

Inside the casing 20, the shift rod 64
There are three depressions 7 spaced apart in the axial direction on the outer surface of the
0 are provided, and balls 71 that can fit into these recesses 70 are held in the casing 20 and urged by a spring 72 in the direction of fitting into the recesses 70. As a result, the day tent mechanism 73
The shift rod 64 is moved in the axial direction in a controlled manner.

A first shift arm 74 is fixed to the lower part of the shift shaft 61 and extends toward the shift rod 64 in a plane that includes the axis of the shift shaft 61 and is orthogonal to the shift rod 64. A second shift arm 75 is fixed to the shift rod 64 and extends toward the shift shaft 61 in a plane that includes the axis of the shift rod 64 and is orthogonal to the shift shaft 61. Moreover, the first and second shift arms 7
The tips of shift arms 4 and 75 are arranged on a straight line connecting the perpendicular portions of the two planes, and the tips of both shift arms 74 and 75 are connected to each other via a cross joint 65.

The cross joint 65 is the shift shaft 61
The first rotation axis 76 is parallel to the shift rod 64 and perpendicular to the shift rod 64, and the first rotation axis 76 is parallel to the shift rod 64 and perpendicular to the shift shaft 61.
It is rotatable around a second rotation axis 77 that is perpendicular to . Therefore, the axial movement of the shift rod 64 is converted into a rotational movement of the shift shaft 61 by the cross joint 65.
The rotational movement of the shift shaft 61 is converted by the cross joint 65 into an axial movement of the shift shaft 61.

Referring also to Figure 7, cross joint 6
5 is a support shaft 78 that has the same axis as the first rotation axis 76 and is fixed to the casing 20;
a support member 79 rotatably supported by;
A connecting member 80 having a second rotation axis 77 and rotatably supported by a support member 79 is provided, and the first and second shift arms 74 and 75 are connected to both ends of the connecting member 80.

The casing 20 is provided with support wall portions 81 and 82 that face each other with a cross joint 65 in between, and one of the support wall portions 81 has an insertion hole having a female thread 83 at least on the outer inner surface. 8
4 is bored therein, and a support hole 85 opposite to the insertion hole 84 is bored in the other support wall portion 82 . Furthermore, the support hole 85 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the insertion hole 84.

The support shaft 78 has a small diameter portion 8 that can be fitted into the support hole 85.
6 and a large diameter portion 87 that can be fitted into the insertion hole 84 are coaxially connected via a stepped portion 88, and the large diameter portion 8
A hole 89 is concentrically drilled in the end face of 7. Further, the length of the small diameter portion 86 is determined such that when the end thereof is inserted into the support hole 85, the stepped portion 88 is located slightly inward from the insertion hole 84, and the length of the large diameter portion
7 is determined such that when the small diameter portion 86 is inserted into the support hole 85, the end surface is located in the middle of the insertion hole 84.

The support member 79 has an insertion hole 90 through which the support shaft 78 is inserted, and the thickness of the support member 79 in the direction along the axis of the insertion hole 90 is equal to the thickness between the support walls 81 and 82. It is set to be slightly smaller than the interval.

A cap 91 is screwed onto the female thread 83 of the insertion hole 84, and a coil spring 92 is interposed between the cap 91 and the closed end of the hole 89 in the support shaft 78. The spring force of the coil spring 92 presses the support shaft 78 toward the support hole 85, thereby preventing the support shaft 78 from shaking in the axial direction and fixing it between the support walls 81 and 82. .

A disc-shaped wave washer 93 surrounding the support shaft 78 is interposed between the support member 79 and the other support wall 82 . It exerts a spring force in the direction of pressing towards the object. Therefore, the support member 79 is held between the step portion 88 and the wave washer 93, and can freely rotate around the support shaft 78 while being prevented from shaking in the axial direction.

A support pin 94 that is concentric with the second rotation axis 77 is provided in a protruding manner on the support member 79 . On the other hand, the connecting member 80
A hole 95 for inserting the support pin 94 is bored in the approximate center of the connecting member 80. By fitting a retaining ring 96 to the end of the support pin 94 protruding from the hole 95, the connecting member 80 2. It is rotatably supported by a support member 79 around a rotation axis 77.

The first shift arm 7 is attached to one end of the connecting member 80.
A fitting recess 97 opened on the fourth side is provided, and a spherical head 98 is provided at the tip of the first shift arm 74.
is fitted into the fitting recess 97. Thereby, the first shift arm 74 and the cross joint 65 are aligned with the first and second rotation axes 7 of the connecting member 80.
6 and 77, and are interconnected to allow rotation around 6 and 77.

Further, a spherical head 99 is provided at the other end of the connecting member 80. On the other hand, a fitting recess 100 that is open to the connecting member 80 side is provided at the tip of the second shift arm 75, and the spherical head 99 is provided in the fitting recess 100.
mated to. As a result, the second shift arm 7
5 and the cross joint 65 are connected to each other while allowing rotation of the connecting member 80 around the first and second rotation axes 76 and 77.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. By operating the change lever in the speed change operation device according to the shift pattern, the shift rod 64 moves in the axial direction or rotates around the axis, and the operation is a cross joint. 65 into rotation about the axis of the shift shaft 61 or movement in the axial direction, and a desired gear train in the transmission 3 is established. That is, when switching between the first speed and the second speed, the shift shaft is moved so that the shift piece 63 comes to a position corresponding to the first and second speed switching locking portions 57 according to the rotation of the shift rod 64. 61 moves in the axial direction, and the shift shaft 61 rotates in accordance with the axial movement of the shift rod 64, so that the shift head 24 for switching between the first and second speeds slides to either the left or right in FIG. A first gear train and a second gear train are selectively established. This also applies to the establishment of the third to fifth speed gear trains and the reverse gear train.

In such a transmission device 6, the differential device 5 is disposed below the transmission 3 with its drive shafts 7 and 8 inserted and parallel to the output shafts 17 and 18, so that the engine E
Compared to the conventional system in which the differential gear 5 is disposed at the rear of the vehicle, the cabin volume can be increased accordingly.

In addition, the shift shaft 61 and shift rod 64
The shift shaft 61 and the shift rod 64 are connected to each other via the cross joint 65, so that the shift shaft 61 and the shift rod 64 are
This makes it possible to connect the casings 20 to each other, thereby avoiding enlarging the casing 20 at the connecting portions, which contributes to miniaturization of the casing 20.

Moreover, by newly adding the cross joint 65, the select and shift mechanism 60 will have an increased number of systems in which looseness occurs between the cross joint 65 and the casing 20. A coil spring 92 and a wave washer 93 are interposed between the parts 81 and 82, and can absorb slight assembly errors and prevent the cross joint 65 from wobbling.

C. Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the input shaft, the output shaft, and the drive shaft are arranged in order from the top, so the width of the transmission device in the direction perpendicular to the input shaft and the output shaft is reduced, making the entire transmission device compact. It can be summarized as follows.

Further, the shift piece is fixed to a shift shaft which is arranged so as to be able to rotate around an axis perpendicular to the shift rod and reciprocate in the axial direction,
The shift shaft and the shift rod are interconnected via a cross joint having a first rotation axis parallel to the shift shaft and perpendicular to the shift rod, and a second rotation axis parallel to the shift rod and perpendicular to the shift shaft. Since the shift shaft and the shift rod can be connected within a plane including the axis of the shift shaft, it is possible to avoid increasing the volume of the casing that accommodates them, contributing to miniaturization.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a vehicle showing how the device of the present invention is installed, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view showing the arrangement within the casing, and FIG. The figure is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the reverse shift fork seen from the - line in Figure 2, and Figure 5 is a - line in Figure 2.
6 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing how the cross joint is supported on the casing. 4... Transmission, 5... Differential device, 6... Transmission device,
7, 8... Drive shaft, 17... Input shaft, 18... Output shaft,
61...Shift shaft, 63...Shift piece, 6
4...Shift rod, 65...Cross joint, 7
6...First rotation axis, 77...Second rotation axis.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transmission in which a gear train of multiple speeds is interposed between input and output shafts that are parallel to each other, and a drive shaft that is parallel to the input and output shafts and extends to both sides, and that is connected to the output shaft. and a differential device connected thereto, wherein the shift piece for selectively establishing the gear train of the plurality of gears rotates about an axis perpendicular to the input shaft, the output shaft, and the drive shaft, and rotates along the axis. A shift rod is disposed so as to be able to reciprocate along the same axis, extend in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft, output shaft, and drive shaft, and is capable of longitudinal movement and rotation about the axis in response to a shift operation. In the vehicle transmission device connected to the shift piece, the input shaft, the output shaft, and the drive shaft are arranged in order from above, and the shift piece is arranged so as to be able to rotate around an axis perpendicular to the shift rod and reciprocate in the axial direction. fixed to a shift shaft provided, the shift shaft and the shift rod,
The first rotation axis is parallel to the shift shaft and perpendicular to the shift rod, and the second rotation axis is parallel to the shift rod and perpendicular to the shift shaft. Vehicle transmission device.