JPH0150182B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine.

In general, a toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine has an armature on a ring core with four toroidal coils divided at approximately 90° intervals in the case of a four-pole configuration, and a certain gap for each coil. and a field having magnetic poles separated from each other, and the field is configured to generate a magnetic flux from the magnetic pole to the annular core of the armature in the radial direction by means of a permanent magnet contained therein. In this four-pole example,
The magnetic poles of the field are alternately different in the order of N pole, S pole, N pole, and S pole. The four coils of the corresponding armature are also wound in such a way that the winding directions are alternately reversed. Assuming that this armature coil is also connected to the series, when a certain amount of current is passed through this coil, a torque is generated between the field and the armature, and this torque is proportional to the amount of current. It is proportional, and the direction of the torque is determined by the direction of the current. Let us now consider a case where the armature is on the outside and the field is on the inside, and the armature is used as a stator and the field is used as a rotor. Such a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine is usually used when the rotation range of the rotor is limited to a certain angle, for example, within a range of plus or minus 20 degrees around a reference position.
Examples of applications include control of hydraulic rotary valves, and servo motors in limited range rotation servo systems. For such applications, toroidal coil type rotating electric machines are very convenient because they do not have any commutators or slip rings, and although they are DC machines, they do not have frictional torque or consumable parts like AC induction machines.

On the other hand, this type of toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine has the property that the magnitude of torque generated by the same current changes depending on the relative positional relationship between the field and the armature. Figure 1 is a diagram that generally explains this property. The angle reference position is when the center of each magnetic pole of the field is at the center of each toroidal coil, and the horizontal axis shows the field and armature. Relative rotation angle θ
The vertical axis shows the torque when the current is set to a certain value. When the rotation angle θ is zero, that is,
The torque generated at the reference position mentioned above is the maximum value τm, but as θ moves to the left or right, the torque decreases, and if the number of poles is P, then θ
The torque becomes zero when is π/P radian. In the above example, since P is 4, the torque becomes zero when θ is 45°. Normally, in this type of toroidal coil type rotating electric machine, within the range of angles used, for example, plus or minus 20 degrees,
The specifications specify how much of the maximum value τm the torque can fall to, and the design is made accordingly. In FIG. 1, the limit of torque attenuation is generally determined at this point by assuming that when θ is θf, the torque is τf.

The above is an example of a 4-pole toroidal coil type rotating electric machine, but the number of poles ranges from 2 to a considerable number of poles, and the field is connected to the stator. In some cases, the armature is a rotor.

In addition, toroidal coil type rotating electric machines are sometimes used as tachometers instead of torque motors, and in this case, no current is applied to the armature from the outside, and a voltage proportional to the relative angular velocity of the field with respect to the armature is applied. , utilizes the property of generating electricity from a toroidal coil. In this case, if we take the generated voltage for a constant angular velocity instead of the torque as the vertical axis in FIG. 1, we will see a curve that is exactly the same as that described for the torque. In this case, the specification is θf
The generated voltage for a certain angular velocity is defined at .

Generally, in this type of toroidal coil rotating electric machine, it is necessary to leave a space between each toroidal coil without a coil within a certain angular range. Conventionally, in order to obtain the above-mentioned space t _s between the coils, markings etc. were accurately applied to the annular core, and each toroidal coil was wound using the markings as a guide to provide a predetermined space. However, with this conventional method, when each coil is wound in multiple layers, the windings may collapse or shift, resulting in a space t _s
There is a drawback that causes the problem that it is not possible to obtain. Varying the predetermined width t _s of this space has a significant effect on the curve of FIG. That is, for example, the angle θf
At this time, this type of toroidal coil rotating electric machine had a serious drawback in that it was not possible to correctly obtain the desired lower limit torque τf.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine that eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks.

The gist of the present invention is to provide a toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine comprising an armature having a plurality of toroidal coils divided at equal intervals on a ring-shaped core, and a field having the same number of magnetic poles as the plurality of toroidal coils. A protrusion portion having a length extending at least the entire length in the direction of the central axis of the ring-shaped core is provided on the surface of the ring-shaped core opposite to the field and corresponding to each of the adjacent gaps between the plurality of toroidal coils. At the same time, on the surface of the ring-shaped core that corresponds to the protrusion and faces the field, it protrudes in the direction toward the field by at least the entire length in the direction of the central axis of the ring-shaped core. A toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine is characterized in that spacers made of non-magnetic material are fixed to each other.

Hereinafter, an example of the toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention having the above-mentioned characteristics will be explained as follows.
Let me explain with reference to the diagram.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an example of a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis O in the assembled state. In the figure, 1 shows the field of the toroidal coil type rotating electric machine as a whole, and 2 shows the armature as a whole. The example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a case of four poles, and the field 1 is arranged inside the armature 2. Therefore, in this case, the field 1 is a four-pole protruding field.

As shown in the figure, the field 1 is connected to a ring-shaped yoke 11 made of magnetic material at equiangular intervals (in this case
It consists of four magnets 12, 13, 14 and 15 fixed to the outer circumferential surface of a ring-shaped yoke 11 with a predetermined gap between adjacent ones at an angle of 90 degrees. As is well known, each magnet has substantially the same shape and is magnetized along its thickness direction, that is, along the diameter direction of the ring-shaped yoke 11. For example, if the surface of the magnet 12 is magnetized to the south pole and the inner surface (the surface fixed to the yoke 11) is magnetized to the north pole, the magnet 14 on the opposite side to the yoke 11
are magnetized to the same polarity, but the magnets 13 and 15 between them are respectively magnetized to opposite polarities. In other words, each magnet 12 to 15 is sequentially magnetized with opposite polarity.

On the other hand, the armature 2 includes a ring-shaped core 21 made of a magnetic material such as iron, and a ring-shaped core 21 made of a magnetic material such as iron, and a
toroidal coils 22, 23, 24 and 25
and protrusions 30, 31, 32 and 33 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped core 21, respectively, so as to be located between the adjacent toroidal coils 22 to 25;
Spacers 2 made of a non-magnetic material and having a predetermined width _ts are fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the ring-shaped core 21 so as to correspond to the protrusions 30, 31, 32 and 33, respectively.
6, 27, 28 and 29. The ring-shaped core 21 of each toroidal coil 22...25 has the same length in the circumferential direction, and the winding directions thereof are sequentially reversed.

In other words, the protruding portion 30 which is the main element of the present invention
33 and spacers 26 to 29 will be explained. As shown in the figure, each protrusion 30, 31, 32 and 33
have substantially the same shape and have a length spanning at least the entire length in the direction of the central axis O of the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped core 21,
The length protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped core 21 in the direction opposite to the field 1, that is, in the direction opposite to the central axis O, is the conductor of the toroidal coil wound around the ring-shaped core 21. The diameter of the coil, the number of coil layers, etc. are selected appropriately.

Further, as shown in the figure, each spacer 26...29 has substantially the same shape, has a length spanning at least the entire length of the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped core 21 in the direction of the central axis O, and has a length extending in the direction of the circular direction of the inner peripheral surface. The width is a predetermined width _ts , and the ring-shaped core 2
The length l that protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the toroidal coil in the direction toward the field 1, that is, in the direction toward the central axis O, is the diameter of the conducting wire of the toroidal coil wound around the ring-shaped core 21, and the number of layers of the coil. Appropriate selection will be made taking into account the following. Therefore, each toroidal coil 22...2
5 to the ring-shaped core 21 and each protrusion 30, 31, 3
2 and 33 and each spacer 26...29 not only serve as a conventional marking (positioning each coil), but also can reliably prevent each wound coil from collapsing or shifting. because there is,
Each coil can be wound uniformly, and its length can also be set to a predetermined value. Furthermore, the distance between the coils, that is, the spacer, can be reliably maintained at a predetermined width _ts .

Therefore, the lower limit torque of the toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine can be reliably set to the intended value, and even when the machine is mass-produced, variations in characteristics can be kept to a minimum.

Although the above description describes a four-pole toroidal coil type rotating electric machine, the present invention is not limited to this example, and can of course be applied to a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine with two poles or an even number of poles of six or more poles. is not limited to the above-mentioned salient pole type, but may be of a cylindrical type, for example.

Further, even if the present invention is applied to a type in which the field is disposed outside the armature, the same effect can be obtained.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a torque distribution diagram of a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an example of the toroidal coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing its assembled state. In the figure, 1 is a field, 2 is an armature, 11 is a yoke, 12...15 is a magnet, 21 is a ring-shaped core, 22...25 is a toroidal coil, 2
6...29 indicate spacers, respectively.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a toroidal coil type rotating electric machine, which is composed of an armature having a plurality of toroidal coils divided at equal intervals on a ring-shaped core, and a field having the same number of magnetic poles as the plurality of toroidal coils,
A protrusion having a length extending at least over the entire length in the direction of the central axis of the ring-shaped core is provided on a surface of the ring-shaped core opposite to the field and corresponding to each of the adjacent gaps of the plurality of toroidal coils. and at least the entire length of the ring-shaped core in the direction of the central axis of the ring-shaped core, on the surface of the ring-shaped core that corresponds to the protrusion and faces the field. A toroidal coil type rotating electrical machine characterized by fixing spacers made of non-magnetic material that protrude in the direction of .