JPH0151866B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0151866B2 JPH0151866B2 JP3692085A JP3692085A JPH0151866B2 JP H0151866 B2 JPH0151866 B2 JP H0151866B2 JP 3692085 A JP3692085 A JP 3692085A JP 3692085 A JP3692085 A JP 3692085A JP H0151866 B2 JPH0151866 B2 JP H0151866B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- hollow
- heater element
- planar
- coating layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Description
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、暖房器、調理器、乾燥器などの機器
において、電気エネルギーを応用した加熱源とし
て用いられる面状ヒータに関し、特に、ホーロ基
板にヒータエレメントをヒータ被覆層にて密着固
定させた面状ヒータに関するものである。
従来の技術
近年、面状ヒータは、機器の薄型化、均一加熱
などの要望に合つた発熱体として脚光を浴びるよ
うになり、従来より次に示す各種面状ヒータが市
場に出ている。
(1) 雲母などの絶縁基板にヒータを巻回した構造
を有するもの
(2) アルミナ基板に、タングステンなどの導電ペ
ーストにより導電パターンを形成し、さらにそ
の上にアルミナ基板を設け、一体成形した構造
を有するもの
(3) 有機質フイルム（シリコーン、ポリイミド
等）の間に導電パターンを形成し、ラミネート
化した構造を有するもの
しかし、これらの面状ヒータにおいては、(1)の
場合は、被加熱物への熱伝達が悪く、ヒータが封
止されていないため、耐湿特性に問題があつた。
また(2)の場合は、電気取り出し部の強度が弱く、
熱容量が大きいため、立上り時間が長いという問
題があつた。さらに(3)の場合は、耐熱温度が低
く、寿命特性に問題があつた。
そこで、上記問題を解決するために実開昭57−
171296号公報に示されているように、ホーロ基板
の応用による面状ヒータが提案されている。
また本発明者らは、上記ホーロ基板の応用によ
る面状ヒータをさらに改善し、平滑な網目状の金
属箔体からなるヒータエレメントの応用による新
しい面状ヒータを提案している。
本発明者らの提案による面状ヒータは、ホーロ
基板の上にホーロ材よりなるヒータ被覆層を設
け、このヒータ被覆層の中に、平滑な網目状の金
属箔体からなるヒータエレメントと、このヒータ
エレメントに接続され金属箔体からなる電気取り
出し端子板の一部分とを埋設した構造を有してい
る。
発明が解決しようとする問題点
ところで、面状ヒータに要求される特性の１つ
として、耐電圧特性がある。この耐電圧は、ヒー
タエレメントとホーロ基板の中の金属基板との間
で測定される。
上記方法で測定される耐電圧特性が悪い場合、
通電使用時に手で触れると危険であり、したがつ
てヒータとしての応用範囲が限定され、あまり好
ましい現象ではない。
しかしながら、従来の平滑な網目状の金属箔体
からなるヒータエレメントを使用する面状ヒータ
においては、ヒータエレメントの通電部の最大幅
の広さにより、完成された面状ヒータの耐電圧特
性に著しい差が生じて問題があるのが実情であつ
た。
本発明は、上述した現象を解析し、その解析結
果を応用することにより、耐電圧特性に優れた面
状ヒータを提供することを目的とするものであ
る。
問題点を解決するための手段
上記問題点を解決するために本発明は、平滑な
網目状の金属箔体からなるヒータエレメントの通
電部の最大幅を５mm以下に抑えるようにしたもの
である。
作 用
一般にホーロ基板は非常に細かい気泡を絶縁ホ
ーロ層の中に含有している。これらの気泡は、ホ
ーロ基板上にヒータエレメントおよび電気取り出
し端子板をヒータ被覆層にて密着固定させる熱処
理工程において、その一部はヒータ被覆層を介し
て大気中に出て行くものの、それ以外の大部分は
絶縁ホーロ層またはヒータ被覆層の内部に残存す
る。
しかし、これらの残存する気泡は、非常に細か
いため、耐電圧特性に著しい影響は与えない。
ところが、ヒータエレメントの通電部の最大幅
の広さによつては、特にヒータエレメントの下側
に存在する細かい気泡が、大気中に出にくくな
り、その結果、絶縁ホーロ層またはヒータ被覆層
の内部に大きな気泡となつて残存し、耐電圧特性
を著しく低下させることがある。
この傾向は、通電部の最大幅が広くなる程、増
大し、特に、通電部の最大幅が５mmを越えると著
しく増大することが、種々の実験により確認され
た。
本発明は、上記実験結果に基づいてなされたも
ので、ヒータエレメントの通電部の最大幅を５mm
以下に抑えることにより、熱処理後の絶縁ホーロ
層またはヒータ被覆層の内部に残存する気泡の大
きさを抑えると共に、円滑に大気中に放出させて
耐電圧特性の低下を防止したものである。
実施例
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図〜第３図にも
とづいて説明する。
ホーロ用鋼板からなる金属基板１ａに、第１表
に示すように、Na2O、K2O、Li2O、P2O5などの
イオン伝導を起こす物質を含まず、KFを添加し
た高絶縁ガラス・フリツトからなる絶縁ホーロ層
１ｂを形成したホーロ基板１を準備した。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a planar heater used as a heating source using electrical energy in equipment such as space heaters, cookers, and dryers, and in particular, the present invention relates to a planar heater that is used as a heating source using electrical energy in equipment such as space heaters, cookers, and dryers. This invention relates to a planar heater that is closely fixed. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, planar heaters have come into the spotlight as heating elements that meet the demands for thinning devices and uniform heating, and the following various planar heaters have been on the market. (1) A structure in which a heater is wound around an insulating substrate such as mica. (2) A structure in which a conductive pattern is formed on an alumina substrate using a conductive paste such as tungsten, and then an alumina substrate is placed on top of the conductive pattern and integrally molded. (3) Those with a laminated structure in which a conductive pattern is formed between organic films (silicone, polyimide, etc.) However, in the case of (1) in these sheet heaters, the heated object There were problems with moisture resistance due to poor heat transfer to and because the heater was not sealed.
In the case of (2), the strength of the electrical outlet is weak,
Due to its large heat capacity, there was a problem of a long rise time. Furthermore, in the case of (3), the heat resistance temperature was low and there were problems with the life characteristics. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem,
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 171296, a planar heater using a hollow substrate has been proposed. Furthermore, the present inventors further improved the planar heater using the hollow substrate described above, and proposed a new planar heater using a heater element made of a smooth mesh metal foil. In the planar heater proposed by the present inventors, a heater coating layer made of hollow material is provided on a hollow substrate, and a heater element made of a smooth mesh-like metal foil is placed in this heater coating layer. It has a structure in which a part of an electrical outlet terminal plate made of metal foil is embedded and connected to the heater element. Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, one of the characteristics required of a planar heater is withstand voltage characteristics. This withstand voltage is measured between the heater element and the metal substrate in the hollow substrate. If the withstand voltage characteristics measured by the above method are poor,
It is dangerous to touch with hands during energized use, and therefore the range of application as a heater is limited, which is not a very desirable phenomenon. However, in conventional planar heaters that use heater elements made of smooth mesh metal foil, due to the maximum width of the current-carrying part of the heater element, the withstand voltage characteristics of the completed planar heater are significantly affected. The reality was that there were differences and problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a planar heater with excellent withstand voltage characteristics by analyzing the above-mentioned phenomenon and applying the analysis results. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention suppresses the maximum width of the current-carrying portion of the heater element made of a smooth mesh metal foil to 5 mm or less. Function Generally, hollow substrates contain very fine air bubbles in the insulating hollow layer. During the heat treatment process in which the heater element and the electrical outlet terminal board are closely fixed on the hollow substrate with the heater coating layer, some of these bubbles escape into the atmosphere through the heater coating layer, but the rest Most of it remains inside the insulating hollow layer or the heater coating layer. However, these remaining bubbles are very fine and do not significantly affect the withstand voltage characteristics. However, depending on the maximum width of the current-carrying part of the heater element, it becomes difficult for small air bubbles that exist on the underside of the heater element to escape into the atmosphere, and as a result, the inside of the insulating hollow layer or heater coating layer may remain in the form of large bubbles, significantly reducing withstand voltage characteristics. It has been confirmed through various experiments that this tendency increases as the maximum width of the current-carrying part becomes wider, and in particular, it increases significantly when the maximum width of the current-carrying part exceeds 5 mm. The present invention was made based on the above experimental results, and the maximum width of the current-carrying part of the heater element was set at 5 mm.
By suppressing the bubbles to below, the size of bubbles remaining inside the insulating hollow layer or heater coating layer after heat treatment is suppressed, and the bubbles are smoothly released into the atmosphere, thereby preventing deterioration of withstand voltage characteristics. Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. As shown in Table 1, a metal substrate 1a made of a steel plate for hollow holes is coated with a high-temperature solution that does not contain substances that cause ion conduction such as Na 2 O, K 2 O, Li 2 O, P 2 O 5 , etc., but does not contain KF. A hollow substrate 1 on which an insulating hollow layer 1b made of insulating glass frit was formed was prepared.
【表】
また、第２図に示す平滑な網目状のSUS430か
らなるヒータエレメント２に、同じくSUS430か
らなる電気取り出し端子板３をスポツト溶接で接
続したヒータエレメント２を準備した。
なお、この時、第３図に示すように、ヒータエ
レメント２の通電部の最大幅２ａは、第２表に示
すように１mm〜10mmの範囲で変化させた。
上記方法にて準備したホーロ基板１の上に、絶
縁ホーロ層１ｂを形成するのに使用したガラス・
フリツトより作業温度および熱膨張係数とも、少
し小さな値を示すガラスフリツトからなるホーロ
スリツプを薄く塗布し、未乾燥の状態で、電気取
り出し端子板３を接続したそれぞれのヒータエレ
メント２を置き、さらに、その上に、同様のホー
ロスリツプを塗布した。
そしてこれを乾燥した後、熱処理し、上記ホー
ロ材からなるヒータ被覆層４の中にヒータエレメ
ント２を埋設することにより、ホーロ基板１の上
に、ヒータエレメント２を密着固定し、第１図に
示す構造を有するとともに、通電部の最大幅２ａ
の異なる面状ヒータをそれぞれ10枚ずつ完成し
た。
完成したそれぞれの面状ヒータの耐電圧特性
を、電気取り出し端子板３とホーロ基板１の中の
金属基板１ａの間で、測定することにより評価
し、それぞれ10枚の平均値を第２表に示した。[Table] In addition, a heater element 2 was prepared in which an electrical outlet terminal plate 3 also made of SUS430 was connected by spot welding to a heater element 2 made of smooth mesh SUS430 shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the maximum width 2a of the current-carrying portion of the heater element 2 was varied within the range of 1 mm to 10 mm as shown in Table 2. The glass used to form the insulating hollow layer 1b on the hollow substrate 1 prepared by the above method.
A hollow strip made of glass frit whose working temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion are both slightly smaller than that of the frit is applied thinly, and in an undried state, each heater element 2 to which the electrical outlet terminal plate 3 is connected is placed. A similar hollow strip was applied to the surface. After drying this, heat treatment is performed and the heater element 2 is embedded in the heater coating layer 4 made of the hollow material, so that the heater element 2 is closely fixed on the hollow substrate 1, as shown in FIG. In addition to having the structure shown, the maximum width 2a of the current carrying part
We completed 10 sheets each of different sheet heaters. The withstand voltage characteristics of each completed sheet heater were evaluated by measuring between the electrical outlet terminal plate 3 and the metal substrate 1a in the hollow substrate 1, and the average values for each of the 10 sheets are shown in Table 2. Indicated.
【表】
第２表から明らかなように、通電部の最大幅２
ａが５mm以下であるヒータエレメント２を使用し
た面状ヒータの耐電圧特性は、いずれも2000V以
上であり、優れた耐電圧特性を示した。
しかし、通電部の最大幅２ａが５mmを越えたヒ
ータエレメント２を使用した面状ヒータの耐電圧
特性は、1000V以下と著しく低下した。
このように、通電部の最大幅２ａを５mm以下に
抑えたヒータエレメント２を使用した本発明の面
状ヒータでは耐電圧特性が著しく高められること
が明らかとなつた。
発明の効果
以上の説明から明らかなように本発明によれ
ば、ホーロ基板上にヒータ被覆層を設けるととも
に、このヒータ被覆層の中に、通電部の最大幅を
５mm以下に抑えた平滑な網目状の金属箔体からな
るヒータエレメントを埋設しているため、耐電圧
特性に優れた面状ヒータを提供することができる
ものである。[Table] As is clear from Table 2, the maximum width of the current-carrying part 2
The withstand voltage characteristics of the planar heaters using heater elements 2 in which a is 5 mm or less were all 2000 V or more, indicating excellent withstand voltage characteristics. However, the withstand voltage characteristics of a planar heater using a heater element 2 in which the maximum width 2a of the energized portion exceeded 5 mm was significantly reduced to 1000V or less. As described above, it has become clear that the withstand voltage characteristics are significantly improved in the sheet heater of the present invention using the heater element 2 in which the maximum width 2a of the energized portion is suppressed to 5 mm or less. Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a heater coating layer is provided on a hollow substrate, and a smooth mesh is formed in the heater coating layer to suppress the maximum width of the current-carrying portion to 5 mm or less. Since the heating element made of a shaped metal foil is embedded, it is possible to provide a planar heater with excellent withstand voltage characteristics.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す面状ヒータの
要部拡大断面図、第２図は同ヒータのヒータエレ
メントの上面図、第３図は同ヒータエレメントの
要部拡大上面図である。
１……ホーロ基板、１ａ……金属基板、１ｂ…
…絶縁ホーロ層、２……ヒータエレメント、２ａ
……ヒータエレメントの通電部の最大幅、４……
ヒータ被覆層。
FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a planar heater showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view of a heater element of the heater, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged top view of a main part of the heater element. . 1... Hollow substrate, 1a... Metal substrate, 1b...
...Insulating hollow layer, 2...Heater element, 2a
...Maximum width of current-carrying part of heater element, 4...
Heater coating layer.
Claims (1)
もに、このヒータ被覆層の中に、通電部の最大幅
を５mm以下に抑えた平滑な網目状の金属箔体から
なるヒータエレメントを埋設したことを特徴とす
る面状ヒータ。1. A heater coating layer is provided on the hollow substrate, and a heater element made of a smooth mesh metal foil whose maximum width of the current-carrying part is kept to 5 mm or less is embedded in this heater coating layer. A planar heater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60036920A JPS61195579A (en) | 1985-02-26 | 1985-02-26 | Planar heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60036920A JPS61195579A (en) | 1985-02-26 | 1985-02-26 | Planar heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61195579A JPS61195579A (en) | 1986-08-29 |
| JPH0151866B2 true JPH0151866B2 (en) | 1989-11-07 |
Family
ID=12483195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60036920A Granted JPS61195579A (en) | 1985-02-26 | 1985-02-26 | Planar heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61195579A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6668703B2 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2020-03-18 | 株式会社デンソー | Transparent heater |
-
1985
- 1985-02-26 JP JP60036920A patent/JPS61195579A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61195579A (en) | 1986-08-29 |
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