JPH0152318B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for controlling a windlass in which an anchor chain on which an anchor is moored is let out and wound up to drop and lift the anchor.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, when dropping or lifting an anchor by controlling the windlass on a ship, first, when dropping the anchor,
After the first worker turns on the start switch on the operation panel to drive the power source, the first worker
It is determined whether the water depth and ship speed detected by the ultrasonic detector and Doppler sonar are suitable for anchoring. Connect the mooring drum clutch, release the anchor stopper that fixes the anchor, release the anchor chain stopper that fixes the anchor chain to which the anchor is moored, and after turning off the anchor chain stopper, the second worker By releasing the windlass brake, the rotational force from the power source is transmitted to the mooring drum, the mooring drum rotates, the anchor chain wound around the drum is released, and the anchor begins to fall. be done.

When the third worker confirms that the anchor has fallen to the water surface, the second worker semi-activates the windlass brake, applies a slight braking force to the mooring drum, and allows the anchor to fall under its own weight. and when the anchor chain has been let out by a predetermined length, the second operator fully operates the windlass brake and applies full braking force to the mooring drum to stop the anchor chain from being let out; After the first worker turns on the clutch switch and the stopper switch to disengage the clutch and actuate both stoppers at the same time to fix the anchor chain and fix the anchor at a predetermined anchoring position, the first worker By turning off the start switch and stopping the power source,
Anchoring is completed.

At this time, by counting the number of rotations of the mooring drum, the extended length of the anchor chain can be detected, and when the mooring drum has rotated by a length equal to the sum of the length corresponding to the water depth and the bottoming length. Then, the brake switch may be switched to the fully open state.

Next, when lifting the anchor, the first operator turns on the start switch to drive the power source again, turns off the clutch switch and stopper switch, connects the mooring drum clutch, and releases both stoppers at the same time. After opening the anchor chain cleaning nozzle, the second worker releases the windlass brake, and the mooring drum rotates in the opposite direction to when anchoring, starts winding up the anchor chain, and hoists the anchor. .

And the third thing is that the anchor was raised to the surface of the water.
When the second worker confirms this, the second worker semi-activates the windlass brake, reels the anchor chain while applying a slight braking force to the mooring drum, and slowly pulls the anchor up so that the anchor does not touch the hull, etc. When the anchoring is completed, the second operator fully operates the windlass brake to stop winding the anchor chain, and the first operator turns on the clutch switch and the stopper switch to close the clutch. At the same time as the above-mentioned first
When the operator turns off the start switch and stops the power source, lifting of the anchor is completed.

However, in this case, at least three workers are required, leading to a decrease in work efficiency.
When a third worker checks the position of the anchor and operates the mooring drum, the disadvantage is that the working environment is poor and it is very dangerous.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention has been made with the above points in mind, and enables remote control of the windlass, windlass brake, and anchor chain stopper by means of a control means, and allows a single operator to drop and lift an anchor. The purpose is to improve work efficiency and safety.

[Structure of the invention]

In this invention, when anchoring, a control means derives the extension length of the anchor chain mooring the anchor from the water depth measured by the measurement means, and a windlass is controlled to extend by an extension control signal from the control means. A mooring drum is connected to a mooring drum by a clutch, the drum is rotated by the motor, the anchor chain is let out from the drum until the anchor reaches the water surface, and then the motor is stopped and the clutch is disconnected; While adjusting the rotational speed of the drum using a windlass brake to adjust the speed of letting out the anchor chain to a preset speed, the anchor chain is let out from the drum by the weight of the anchor, and the anchor chain is let out to the length. After parting, the control means operates the anchor stopper, the anchor chain stopper, and the brake to fix the anchor, the anchor chain, and the drum, and when the anchor is lifted, the control means releases both the stoppers and the brake. At the same time, the anchor chain cleaning device is driven, the windlass is controlled to be wound up by a winding control signal from the control means, the motor is connected to the drum by the clutch, and the motor is operated to cause the windlass to wind up. While adjusting the rotational speed to adjust the winding speed of the anchor chain to a preset speed, the anchor chain is wound up, and after the anchor chain has been wound up by the length that was taken out at the time of anchoring, the control means controls the The windlass control method is characterized in that both stoppers and the brake are actuated to fix the anchor, the anchor chain, and the drum, and the cleaning device is stopped.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Therefore, according to the windlass control method of the present invention, at least the length of the anchor chain required for anchoring a ship is managed, the speed of letting out the anchor chain from a safety standpoint, the winding speed is managed, and the anchor and the anchor chain are fixed. In the present invention, from the viewpoint that it is possible to reduce the number of workers required for anchor casting and lifting using a windlass by centrally managing release, the present invention provides the following:
Since the control means remotely controls the windlass motor, clutch, windlass brake, anchor, and anchor chain stopper, it is possible to automate the series of operations of dropping and lifting anchors, and only one operator can do it. It is now possible to drop and lift anchor,
It does not require a large number of workers as in the past,
Furthermore, there is no need to work in a dangerous work environment, and work efficiency and safety can be improved.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to drawings showing one embodiment thereof.

First, FIG. 1 showing the windlass control device will be explained.

In the figure, 1 is a ship, 2 is a windlass installed on the deck of the bow part of the ship 1, and a mooring drum 3. A transmission system 7 consisting of a gear 4 and a second gear 6 which is engaged with and separated from the first gear 4 by a clutch 5, a windlass brake 8 that applies braking to the drum 3, and an oil motor (described later) that drives the second gear 6. It is configured.

9 is the anchor chain wound around the drum 3, 10 is the ship 1
An anchor provided on the bow side wall 1' of the ship and moored to the anchor chain 9,
11 is a tension detector provided near the windlass 2 to detect the tension of the anchor chain 9 and output a first detection signal; 12 is an anchor chain stopper provided near the tension detector 11; The arm controller 13 is operated by a control signal from the CPU, which will be described later. The arm controller 13 is pivoted on the rotation shaft of the cylinder of the controller 13, and rotates in a range of 0° to 90° by the operation of the cylinder to fix and release the anchor chain 9. The stopper arm 14 includes an indicator (not shown) that detects the operating state of the arm 14 and outputs a detection signal.

15 is an anchor stopper provided near the tension detector 11, and has a hook for hooking the anchor 10;
Anchor 1 is activated by the control signal from the CPU, which will be described later.
Although not shown, like the anchor chain stopper 12, it is equipped with an indicator that detects the operating state of the stopper 15 and outputs a detection signal.

16 is attached to the rotating shaft of the drum 3 and is described later.
A rotation number counter 17 is activated by a control signal from the CPU to detect the rotation speed of the drum 3 and outputs a second detection signal. 18 is a clutch controller, which is activated by a control signal from the CPU to be described later to control the clutch 5, and detects and detects the operating state of the clutch 5. It is equipped with an indicator that outputs a signal.

19 is a torque gauge that detects the torque during rotation of the second gear 6 and outputs a third detection signal; 20 is an oil motor that is a power source that applies rotational force to the second gear 6 and rotationally drives the drum 3; 21 is a flow rate regulator consisting of a regulating valve, which is activated by a control signal from a CPU (described later) to control the motor 20;
It is equipped with an indicator that detects the operating state of the motor 20 and outputs a detection signal.

Reference numeral 22 denotes the main engine of the ship 1, and 23 outputs a control signal to the main engine 22, and receives a detection signal outputted from an indicator of the main engine 22 according to the operating state of the main engine 22, and exchanges data with the CPU, which will be described later. The main engine controller 24 is the ship 1
a rudder controller 25 is provided in the wheelhouse and outputs a control signal to the steering device 24, and also transfers a detection signal outputted from an indicator of the steering device 24 according to the operating state of the rudder to a CRT described below;
26 is a water depth and ship speed measuring means which is installed on the bottom of the ship 1 and consists of an ultrasonic detector and a Doppler sonar for measuring water depth and ship speed; 27 is a display device that displays the water depth and ship speed measured by the measuring means 26; At the same time, a measurement signal based on the water depth and boat speed measured by the measuring means 26 is output to the CPU, which will be described later.

28 is a plurality of television cameras installed at the bow of the ship 1 to image the anchor 10 and output an imaging signal; 29 is a monitor television installed in the wheelhouse to display an image of the anchor 10 based on the imaging signal; A receiver (hereinafter referred to as a monitor); 30 is a keyboard provided in the wheelhouse for inputting each control data; 31 is a keyboard 3 provided in the wheelhouse;
a CRT that displays the operating status of each part according to each control data inputted by 0 and each detection signal;
Reference numeral 32 denotes a CPU which is a control means, to which each detection signal is input and outputs a control signal to each part.Although not shown, when the current position of the anchor 10 is detected near the anchor 10, the CPU 32 An anchor position detection means for outputting a fourth detection signal is provided in the side wall 1', and a CPU 3
A cleaning device for the anchor chain 9, which is controlled by 2, is provided.

The indicator of the anchor chain stopper 12 outputs when the rotation angle of the arm 14 is 0 degrees and the anchor chain 9 is fixed, and when the rotation angle of the arm 14 is 90 degrees and the anchor chain 9 is released. The activation and release states of the anchor chain stopper 12 are displayed as "ON" and "OFF" respectively on the display screen of the CRT 31, and the indicator on the brake controller 17 indicates when the brake 8 is in the action state and when it is released. Based on the detection signals that are output when the clutch is in this state, the activated and released states of the brake 8 are displayed as "ON" and "OFF", respectively, on the display screen of the CRT 31, and the indicator on the clutch controller 18 indicates that the clutch 5 is The detection signals output when in the connected state and when in the disconnected state,
The connected and disconnected states of the clutch 5 are displayed as “ON” and “OFF” on the display screen of the CRT 31, respectively.
When the display on the CRT 31 differs from the actual operating status of the anchor chain stopper 12, brake 8, and clutch 5, a caution signal is output from the anchor chain stopper 12, etc. to the CPU 32, a warning mark is displayed on the CRT 31, or an alarm is issued. It's starting to become easier.

Next, FIGS. 2 and 3 showing the operation of the embodiment described above will be explained.

First, when anchoring, as shown in FIG. Water depth and ship speed are displayed, and the CPU
32, the ship speed determination routine is executed, and at the same time, the length of the anchor chain 9 to be extended is calculated based on the water depth, and a check is made to see if the condition is suitable for anchoring. If the operation is reversed and suitable for anchoring, CPU32
A stop control signal is output from the anchor chain stopper 12 and the anchor stopper 15, and a connection control signal is output to the clutch controller 18, both stoppers 12 and 15 are released, and the clutch 5 is connected.

Then, by the CPU 32, both stoppers 12,1
5 and the clutch 5 are respectively released and connected, and if both the stoppers 12 and 15 and the clutch 5 are released and connected, the windlass 2 is driven by the CPU 32 and the anchor chain 9 is let out. As the anchor 10 slowly falls, the anchor position detecting means detects the position of the anchor 10.
The current position of is detected and the fourth detection signal is sent to CPU3.
2, and the detected position of the anchor 10 is displayed on the display screen of the CRT 31, and then the CPU 32
It is checked whether the position of the anchor 10 has reached the water surface or not, and if the anchor 10 has reached the water surface,
The operation of the windlass 2 by the CPU 32 is stopped, a stop control signal is output from the CPU 32 to the brake controller 17, the brake controller 17 releases the brake 8, and a disconnection control signal is output to the clutch controller 18 to close the clutch. 5 is severed, and the anchor 10 begins to fall due to its own weight.

Next, after the anchor 10 starts to fall due to its own weight, the CPU 32 executes a routine for determining the speed at which the anchor chain 9 is pulled out based on the second detection signal from the counter 16, and the anchor chain 9 is moved to the keyboard 30.
If the brake is being pumped out at a faster speed than the preset speed, the CPU 32 outputs a braking control signal to the brake controller 17 to activate the brake 8 and apply a slight braking force to the drum 3. If the speed of letting out the anchor chain 9 is controlled to the set speed, and the anchor chain 9 is let out at a speed lower than the set speed, the anchor chain 9 will be let out by the weight of the anchor.

Then, based on the second detection signal, the CPU
32, it is determined whether or not the anchor chain 9 has been let out by the predetermined length of the anchor chain 9 originally calculated, and if the anchor chain 9 has been let out by the predetermined length,
A stop control signal is output from the CPU 32 to both stoppers 12, 15 and the brake controller 17, both stoppers 12, 15 are operated, and the brake 8 is fully operated. 5
It is checked whether or not the brakes 12 and 15, the brake 8 and the clutch 5 are respectively activated and disconnected.
The anchor 10 is fixed at a predetermined anchoring position by the CPU 32, and when it is confirmed that the rotation of the drum 3 is completely stopped, anchoring is completed.

Next, when lifting anchor, as shown in FIG. 3, the CPU 3
2, detection signals from indicators of both stoppers 12, 15, brake controller 17, and clutch controller 18 and tension detector 11 are input to
Based on the first detection signal etc. from both stoppers 1
2, 15, the status of the brake 8, the clutch 5, the tension of the anchor chain 9, and the status of the main engine 22 based on data from the main engine controller 23 are displayed on the display screen of the CRT 31, and the CPU 32 determines whether each part is suitable for lifting the anchor. It is checked whether the state is
If each part is judged to be in a condition suitable for lifting anchor,
A stop control signal is output from the CPU 32 to both stoppers 12, 15 and the brake controller 17, and a connection control signal is output to the clutch controller 18, so that both stoppers 12, 15 and the brake 8 are released, and the clutch 5 is connected. be done.

Then, the CPU 32 controls both stoppers 12 and 1.
5. It is checked whether the brake 8 and the clutch 5 are respectively released and connected. If both the stoppers 12 and 15, the brake 8 and the clutch 5 are released and connected, respectively, the cleaning device is driven by the CPU 32. Along with motor 2
0 is driven, rotational force is transmitted to the drum 3, the drum 3 starts winding up the anchor chain 9, and the tension detector 11, the counter 16, and the first, second, and fourth detections from the anchor position detection means are performed. Based on the signal, the CPU 32 executes a routine to display the tension of the anchor chain 9, the winding speed, and the current position of the anchor 10 on the display screen of the CRT 31.
The tension, winding speed, and anchor position are displayed on the display screen, and the CPU 32 checks whether the displayed tension, etc. is appropriate for the setting values entered and set using the keyboard 30. It is done.

At this time, if the tension and winding speed of the anchor chain 9 are too high or if the anchor 10 is not at the predetermined anchoring position, the CPU 32 will restart the above-described operation such as releasing the stoppers 12 and 15. When the tension of the anchor chain 9, the winding speed, and the anchor position are repeated and the anchor chain 9 is appropriate, the CPU 32 winds up the anchor chain 9 by the length protruded at the time of anchoring, and the winding is completed based on the second detection signal. When it is determined whether or not the anchor chain 9 has been wound up by the length of the anchor chain 9, the CPU 32 outputs a stop control signal to both stoppers 12, 15 and the brake controller 17, and also outputs a disconnection control signal to the clutch control 18. It is output, both stoppers 12 and 15 are operated, the brake 8 is fully operated, and the clutch 5 is disengaged.

Then, by the CPU 32, both stoppers 12,1
5, it is checked whether the brake 8 and the clutch 5 are activated and disconnected, respectively, and both stoppers 12, 15, the brake 8 and the clutch 5 are checked.
are activated and disconnected, respectively, CPU32
At the same time as the motor 20 is stopped, the washing device is stopped, the anchor 10 is fixed at a predetermined anchoring position by the CPU 32, and it is confirmed that the rotation of the drum 3 is completely stopped, and the anchoring is completed. do.

Therefore, according to the embodiment, the CPU 32
As a result, the motor 20 of the windlass 2, the clutch 5, the windlass brake 8, the anchor, and the anchor chain stoppers 15, 12 are remotely controlled, making it possible to automate the series of operations of anchor dropping and lifting, and only one person can do it. It is now possible to drop and lift anchors by the same number of workers, eliminating the need for a large number of workers as in the past, and eliminating the need to work in a dangerous work environment, improving work efficiency and safety. can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing shows 1 of the windlass control method of the present invention.
Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a windlass control device in the windlass control method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of FIG. 1, respectively. 2... Windlass, 3... Mooring drum, 5... Clutch, 8... Windlass brake, 9... Anchor chain,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Anchor, 12... Anchor chain stopper, 15... Anchor stopper, 20... Oil motor, 26... Water depth, ship speed measuring means, 32... Stopper.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. When anchoring, the control means derives the extension length of the anchor chain mooring the anchor from the water depth measured by the measurement means, and the windlass is controlled by the extension control signal from the control means. , the motor of the windlass and the mooring drum are connected by a clutch, the drum is rotated by the motor, the anchor chain is let out from the drum until the anchor reaches the water surface, and then the motor is stopped and the clutch is released. While adjusting the rotational speed of the drum using a windlass brake to adjust the speed of letting out the anchor chain to a preset speed, the anchor chain is let out from the drum by the weight of the anchor, and the anchor chain is pulled out from the drum by the weight of the anchor. After the anchor has been pulled out from the extended length, the control means operates the anchor stopper, the anchor chain stopper, and the brake to fix the anchor, the anchor chain, and the drum, and when the anchor is lifted, the control means operates the both stoppers and the brake. is released, the anchor chain cleaning device is driven, the windlass is controlled to be wound up by a winding control signal from the control means, the motor and the drum are connected by the clutch, and the motor is used to: While adjusting the rotational speed of the drum to adjust the winding speed of the anchor chain to a preset speed, the anchor chain is wound up, and after the anchor chain is wound up by the length that is taken out when anchoring, the control means A windlass control method characterized in that the both stoppers and the brake are actuated to fix the anchor, the anchor chain, and the drum, and the cleaning device is stopped.