JPH0155922B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling control device that increases the number of drillings per unit time.

Conventional technology and problems When drilling holes using a numerically controlled machine tool,
Conventionally, it is generally done as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the drill is positioned at point R1 directly above the drilling position, and then the drill is moved in the -Z axis direction to drill a hole in the workpiece 1. When the tip of the drill reaches point S1, move the drill in the +Z-axis direction until the tip reaches point R1, then move the tip of the drill in the X and Y planes, and then R2 just above the hole drilling position
Position to a point. Next, move the drill in the -Z-axis direction to drill a hole in the workpiece 1, and when the tip of the drill reaches point S2, move the drill in the +Z-axis direction until the tip reaches point R2. . Below, the tip of the drill is route R2 → R3 →
The workpiece 1 is moved along the direction S3→R3, and a hole is drilled at a predetermined position in the workpiece 1. Note that R1, R2, and R3 return the tip of the drill after drilling is completed.
The Z coordinates of the points (hereinafter referred to as return points) are all the same and are set by storing one coordinate value in advance in the memory within the numerically controlled machine.

Conventionally, holes are drilled in the workpiece as described above, but since the Z coordinate of the return point is constant,
It had the following shortcomings: That is, when machining a workpiece 2 that has a step as shown in Fig. 2, the Z coordinates of the return points R1, R2, and R3 must be must be larger than the Z coordinate of the thickest part of the plate. Therefore, when processing a thin part of the plate, it takes a long time for the tip of the drill to reach the return point from the surface of the workpiece 2. However, there was a drawback that processing efficiency deteriorated.

In addition, in order to improve this drawback, the Z of the return point at each drilling position is added to the machining command program.
It has also been proposed to write the coordinates in advance and change the Z coordinate of the return point for each drilling position, but this method does not work well when the workpieces to be machined have different thicknesses even if the shape is the same. had the disadvantage that a new machining command program had to be created.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to reduce the burden on the operator of setting data regarding the return position, and to increase the number of holes drilled per unit time. The purpose is to enable the use of the same machining command program even when the workpieces to be machined have different thicknesses.

Structure of the Invention FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the present invention, in which the first storage means 20 stores data regarding the area of the workpiece 27, and the second storage means 21 stores data regarding the Z coordinate of the return point corresponding to the area. Data is stored. The position detection means 22 detects the drilling position based on the command data, and the area detection means 23 detects the drilling position based on the command data.
Based on the detection result of step 2 and the storage contents of the first storage means 20, it is detected to which region the drilling position belongs. The reading means 24 is the area detecting means 23
The control means 25 reads data regarding the Z coordinate of the return point based on the detection result of the tool 2 such as a drill.
8 to the return point, the moving means 26 is controlled based on the read result.

Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention, in which 3 is a processing device including a microprocessor, 4 is a tape reader, 5 is a command tape, 6 is a memory, and 7 is a data output section. , 8 is the servo unit of the spindle motor 9, 10X, 10Y, 10Z is the interpolator, 11X, 11Y, 11Z is the servo unit of the X, Y, Z axis motors 12X, 12Y, 12Z, respectively, 13 is the spindle head, 14 is the feed. A screw, 15 a drill, and 16 a table on which a workpiece 17 is placed.

Now, area A has a plate thickness of L1 and area B has a plate thickness of L2.
Referring to the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, the operation when drilling a hole in a workpiece 17 consisting of a region C having a plate thickness of L3 and whose side and front views are shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, respectively. explain.

When the start of drilling is instructed, the processing device 3 first applies a control signal to the tape reader 4 to read one block of command data drilled on the command tape 5 [step (1)]. The command data in this embodiment has the following format (A).

G81XaYb* ...(A) Here, G81 is an identification code indicating that the command data is recorded in a fixed cycle format, the a after X is the X coordinate of the drilling position, and the b after Y is the drilling position. The Y coordinate of the position, * is the block end mark.

When the processing device 3 causes the tape reader 4 to read the command data, the processing device 3 reads the command data from the internal register A.
(not shown), set the X and Y coordinates a1 and b1 of the drilling position commanded by the command data [step (2)], and then the drilling position D1 (a1, b1) is set in the areas A and B. , C to which region it belongs [step (3)]. In this case, the processing device 3 performs the following procedure so that the drilling position D1 is in the areas A, B, and C.
This is to determine which category it belongs to. The memory 6 stores the X and Y points P1 to P4 shown in FIG. 4B.
The coordinates are stored in advance, and the processing device 3 determines the X, Y coordinates of the drilling position D1 set in the register A.
By comparing the coordinates with the X and Y coordinates of points P1 to P4 stored in the memory 6, it is determined to which region A, B, or C the drilling position belongs. That is, if the following equations (1) and (2) hold, it is determined that the drilling position D1 belongs to area A,
If the following equations (3) and (4) hold, it is determined that the object belongs to area B, and if the following equations (5) and (6) hold, it is judged that it belongs to area C. .

X1≦a1＜x2 …(1) y1≦b1≦y2 …(2) x2≦a1＜x3 …(3) y2≧b1≧y3 …(4) x3≦a1≦x4 …(5) y3≦b1≦y4 ...(6) After determining whether the drilling position D1 belongs to area A, B, or C as described above, the processing device 3 stores the drilling position D1 from the memory 6. Read the Z coordinate of the return point corresponding to the area to which the
(6)〕. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 6, the memory 6 has in advance the following information:
Z coordinates z1, z2 of return points corresponding to each area A, B, C,
z3 (z2<z1<z3) is what is stored.
Next, the processing device 3 uses interpolators 10X and 10Y.
A control signal is applied to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motors 12X and 12Y to position the tip of the drill 15 directly above the drilling position D1 [step (7)], and then a control signal is applied to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motor 12Z. , move the drill 15 in the -Z axis direction,
Drill a hole in the workpiece 17 [step (8)]. When the tip of the drill 15 reaches the machining end point, the processing device 3 applies a control signal to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motor 12Z, and the Z coordinate of the tip of the drill 15 is set in register B. + Drill 15 until the coordinate value is equal to
Move in the Z direction [Step (9)].

Therefore, when the first drilling position D1 belongs to the area A as shown in FIG. 4B, the Z coordinate z1 is set in the register B, and the drill 15
Since the movement between the workpiece 17 and the workpiece 17 is relative, if we consider that the drill 15 moves, the tip of the drill 15 will move from the initial point I to the top of the drilling position D1, as shown in Figure A. It moves in the X and Y planes to the point, then moves in the -Z direction until it reaches the machining end point S1, and then moves in the +Z direction to the return point R1 whose Z coordinate is z1.

When the first hole drilling is completed and the tip of the drill 15 returns to the return point R1, the processing device 3 applies a control signal to the tape reader 4 and reads one block of command data drilled on the command tape 5. [Step (10)], if the command data instructs the end of machining, the process ends; otherwise, the drilling position D2 commanded by the command data is set in the internal register A. X, Y coordinates a2, b2
[Step (11)], then set the Z coordinate of the return point R1 set in register B to internal register C (not shown) [Step (12)],
Next, the drilling position D2 (a2, b2) is in areas A, B,
Which of C belongs to is determined in the same manner as described above [step (13)]. After determining whether the drilling position D2 belongs to area A, B, or C, the processing device 3 reads the Z coordinate of the return point corresponding to the area to which the drilling position D2 belongs from the memory 6, and stores it internally. The processing device then compares the coordinate value ZB set in register B with the coordinate value ZC set in register C [step (17)]. )], the following processing is performed based on the comparison results.

That is, if it is determined that ZB≦ZC, the processing device 3 applies a control signal to the interpolators 10X, 10Y to drive the motors 12X, 12Y, and positions the tip of the drill 15 directly above the drilling position D2. [Step (18)] Next, a control signal is applied to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motor 12Z, and the drill 15 is moved in the -Z axis direction to drill a hole in the workpiece 17 [Step (19)]. When the tip of the drill 15 reaches the machining end point, a control signal is applied to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motor 12Z, and the Z coordinate of the tip of the drill 15 is set to the coordinate value set in the register B. The drill 15 is moved in the +Z-axis direction until they are equal [step (20)], and then returns to step (10).

Further, if it is determined that ZB>ZC, the processing device 3 applies a control signal to the interpolator 10Z to drive the motor 12Z, and sets the Z coordinate of the tip of the drill 15 to the coordinate value set in the register B. Move the drill 15 in the +Z direction until they are equal [step (21)], then step (18) to
Process (20) is performed, and then return to step (10).

Therefore, if the second drilling position D2 is in area A as shown in FIG. 4B, register B,
z1 is set at C, and the tip of the drill 15 moves in the X and Y planes from the return point R1 to a point directly above the drilling position D2, as shown in A of the same figure, and then moves to the machining end point S2. Move in the −Z direction until reaching the +Z direction, then move to +Z until the return point R2 whose Z coordinate is
It will move in the axial direction. Next, as shown in FIG. B, the third drilling position D3 belonging to area B is
When drilling is to be performed in It moves in the −Z-axis direction to the machining end point S3, and then moves in the +Z-axis direction to the return point R3 whose Z coordinate is z2. Then,
As shown in figure B, when drilling is to be performed at the fourth drilling position D4 belonging to area B, z2 is set in both registers B and C, and the tip of the drill 15 is to be drilled from the return point R3. Move in the X and Y planes to a point directly above position D4, then move to the processing end point S
4 in the -Z axis direction, and then moves in the +Z axis direction to a return point R3 whose Z coordinate is z2. Next, when drilling is to be performed at the fifth drilling position D5 belonging to area C, registers B and C are each filled with
z3 and z2 are set, and the tip of the drill 15 moves in the +Z-axis direction from the return point R4 to a point R4' whose Z coordinate is z3, and then moves from point R4' to the drilling position D.
5 in the X and Y planes, then move in the −Z-axis direction to the machining end point S5, and then move in the +Z-axis direction from the machining end point S5 to the return point R5, which is the Z coordinate z3. .

In this way, in this embodiment, since the Z coordinate of the return point is changed depending on the region to which the drilling position belongs, unnecessary movements are reduced, and therefore, the number of holes per unit time is reduced. The number of openings can be increased. Furthermore, in this embodiment, if it is determined in step (17) that ZB>ZC, the process in step (22) is performed, so the drill 15 does not come into contact with the side surface of the workpiece 17 during positioning. . Further, although not described in the embodiment, the drill 15 is rotated by a main shaft motor 9 driven by a servo amplifier 8.

Effects of the Invention As explained above, in the present invention, the return position is set and stored in the second storage means for each work area to which a plurality of drilling positions belong,
Therefore, compared to the case where the return position is set and stored for each drilling position, there is an advantage that the number of return position settings and memories is reduced, and the burden on the operator in setting and changing the return position can be reduced. Further, the present invention is configured to change the Z coordinate of the return point depending on the area to which the drilling position belongs,
This has the advantage that the number of holes drilled per unit time can be increased because unnecessary movement of a tool such as a drill after it is removed from the workpiece can be reduced. Also,
Since the Z coordinate of the return point can be changed simply by rewriting the memory contents of the second storage means of the present invention, when drilling workpieces with the same shape but different thick plates, the machining command There is an advantage that there is no need to rewrite the machining command program, unlike the conventional example in which the return point is commanded by a program. Therefore, it is suitable to apply the present invention when the number of stacked printed boards differs in a device that stacks and punches a plurality of printed boards of the same shape.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of a conventional drilling cycle, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a drilling cycle of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the contents stored in the memory, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the present invention. 1, 2, 17, 27 are works, 3 is a processing device,
4 is a tape reader, 5 is a command tape, 6 is a memory, 7 is a data output section, 8, 11X to 11Z are servo units, 9, 12X to 12Z are motors, 1
0X to 10Z are interpolators, 14 is a feed screw, 15 is a drill, 16 is a table, 20, 21
are first and second storage means, 22 is a position detection means, 23 is an area detection means, 24 is a reading means,
25 is a control means, 26 is a moving means, and 28 is a tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 has a moving means for relatively moving a tool and a workpiece, and performs positioning by relatively moving the tool and the workpiece in the X and Y axis directions based on command data; The process of drilling a hole by moving the tool relatively to the workpiece in the −Z-axis direction, and then returning the tool to the return point by moving the tool and the workpiece relatively to the +Z-axis direction is repeated. In the drilling control device, a first storage means stores data regarding areas of the workpiece divided into a plurality of areas within the X and Y axis planes according to the thickness of the workpiece, and a return corresponding to the area. a second storage means storing data regarding the Z coordinate of a point; a position detection means for detecting the drilling position in the X and Y axis planes based on the command data; and a detection result of the position detection means. and area detection means for detecting to which area the drilling position belongs based on the storage contents of the first storage means, and a return from the second storage means based on the detection result of the area detection means. A hole characterized in that it is provided with a reading means for reading data regarding the Z coordinate of a point, and a control means for controlling the moving means based on the reading result of the reading means when returning the tool to the return point. Opening control device.