JPH0158783B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a two forward axle reverse two axle speed reduction/reversal machine suitable for marine use.

As shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic rear view, this type of speed reduction/reversing gear is equipped with two clutch mechanisms F and R for forward movement and two for reverse movement. The input gear 3 and the output gear 6 on the output shaft 5 connected to the propulsion shaft 4 are selectively connected by two clutch mechanisms F and R, respectively. However, in the layout shown in Figure 1, output gear 6
Since the input gear 3 is provided below the forward clutch mechanism F, which is provided diagonally above the engine, it is not possible to set a large amount of misalignment L between the engine output shaft 1 and the propulsion shaft 4 in the vertical direction. If such a structure is adopted for a fishing boat, the following problems will occur. In other words, as shown in Fig. 2, which is a schematic side view, if the amount of misalignment L is small, the space 9 between the engine 7 and the bottom 8 will become narrow, which will hinder the installation of the engine on the hull (because the oil pan of the engine is in contact with the bottom of the ship). ) arises.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention disposes the input shaft above the clutch mechanism, and will be explained with reference to the drawings as follows.

In FIG. 3, the output shaft 5 coaxially connected to the propulsion shaft 4 is arranged at the lower part of the reduction/reversal machine case 10. H-H is a vertical center plane that includes the center O of the output shaft 5, and on both sides of the output gear 6 on the output shaft 5, there are a pair of forward clutch mechanisms F and 1 symmetrically sandwiching the center plane H-H. A pair of reverse clutch mechanisms R are provided. The forward clutch mechanism F is provided obliquely above the output gear 6, and the reverse clutch mechanism R is provided below the forward clutch mechanism F. Each clutch mechanism F,
The output pinion 11 of R is meshed with the output gear 6, and the input gears 12, 12 of each pair of upper and lower clutch mechanisms F and R are meshed with each other. The input shaft 2, which is concentrically connected to the engine output shaft 1, has its center O ₁
coincides with the center plane H-H and extends above the output gear 6 parallel to the output shaft 5, and the input gear 3 on the input shaft 2 is connected to the input gear 12 of both mechanisms F at an angle above the clutch mechanism F. They mesh together.

As shown in FIG. 4, which is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG.
A front end protruding from the engine is connected to a flywheel at the rear end of the engine output shaft 1 (FIG. 2) via a damper (not shown). The output shaft 5 has a front end portion and a middle portion supported by a case 10 via bearings 17 and 18, and a joint flange 19 for connecting the propulsion shaft is attached to the rear end portion protruding from the case 10.

The input gear 3 is provided at the rear of the input shaft 2, and the output gear 6 is provided at the front of the output shaft 5. Corresponding to this layout, the input gear 12 and output pinion 11 of each clutch mechanism F, R are provided in a case. 1
They are provided at the rear and front of the 0. Each clutch mechanism F, R has the same structure, and the support shaft 24
A hydraulic multi-plate clutch 20 that can connect the input gear 12, the output pinion 11, and both 11 and 12 around the
It is configured by providing. The support shaft 24 extends parallel to the output shaft 5, and both front and rear ends are supported by the case 10 via bearings.

During engine operation, the input shaft 2 and the input gear 3 are rotating, and the input gears 12 of the clutch mechanisms F and R that mesh with the gear 3 are also rotating. When the clutch 20 of the forward clutch mechanism F is connected in this state, the engine rotational force is transmitted to the output gear 6 via the input gear 12, clutch 20, and output pinion 11 of the forward clutch mechanism F, and from the output gear 6 to the output shaft 5.
is transmitted to the propulsion shaft 4 (Fig. 2) as forward rotational force. When the reverse clutch mechanism R is connected,
The clutch 20 of the forward clutch mechanism F is disconnected,
Reverse rotational force is transmitted to the output shaft 5 via the mechanism R.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the output shaft 5
A pair of forward gears (first
) A clutch mechanism F is provided, and a forward clutch mechanism F is provided.
The input shaft 2 connected to the output gear 6 via the forward clutch mechanism F is provided above the forward clutch mechanism F, and the input gear 12 of the forward clutch mechanism F and the output gear are provided on both sides of the output gear 6 and below each forward clutch mechanism F. 6 is provided with a reverse (second) clutch mechanism R for connecting the two. Therefore, it is possible to arrange the input shaft 2 at a higher position than in the structure shown in FIG. By adopting this method, it is possible to increase the distance from the engine output shaft 1 to the bottom 8 of the ship, making it easier to install the engine on the ship's hull, and making it possible to install an oil tank for a dry sump, etc.

Furthermore, the present invention has the following advantages.

According to the present invention, as described above, the input shaft 2 is disposed above the output shaft 5 and the double forward clutch mechanism F,
The input gear 3 on the input shaft 2 and the output gear 6 on the output shaft 5 are axially shifted from each other, and both the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 5 are connected to a pair of end walls (front end walls) of the reduction/reversal machine case 10. and rear end wall), respectively, bearing 1
5, 16 and 17, 18.

According to this structure, the required length (length in the longitudinal direction) between both end walls of the speed reducer/reverse gear case 10 is the length between the pair of bearings 17 and 18 for supporting the output shaft (or the pair of bearings 15 and 15 for supporting the input shaft). 16).

On the other hand, in the conventional example shown in Fig. 1, the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 5 overlap when viewed in the axial direction as shown in Fig. 1, so the output shaft must be placed behind the input shaft. First, more specifically, a bearing boss is provided inside the reduction/reversing gear case (at the middle part in the longitudinal direction), the middle part of the input shaft is supported by the front end wall of the reducing/reversing gear case, and the rear end of the input shaft is supported by the front end wall of the reducing/reversing gear case. The front end of the output shaft is supported by the boss, and the front end of the output shaft is supported by the boss.
It is necessary to support the intermediate part at the rear end of the speed reduction/reversing machine. As a result, the required length of the reduction/reversing gear case in the longitudinal direction increases, for example, in the case of the present invention, it becomes approximately twice as long.

As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a speed reducing/reversing machine having a short length in the longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, in the structure in which a bearing boss is provided inside the reduction/reversing gear case as shown in Fig. 1, the vertical position of the input shaft 2 cannot be changed significantly due to various limiting requirements regarding the boss (for example, strength and exclusive space). Have difficulty.

On the other hand, in the present invention, there is no need to provide such a boss, and each shaft is connected to one part of the reduction/reversing machine case 10.
Since the input shaft 2 can be supported by the pair of end walls, the vertical position of the input shaft 2 is not limited by the bearing structure.
For this reason, the vertical position of the input shaft 2 can be adjusted over a wide range by simply changing the distance between the two forward clutch mechanisms F, F, and therefore reduction/reversing machines with different center deviations L can be easily manufactured. Of course, in that case, shafts 2 and 5, gears 3 and 6, and clutch mechanisms F and R
Since only the case 10 needs to be changed by using a common case, manufacturing costs can be reduced. Another advantage is that many of the parts of the speed reduction/reversing machine of FIG. 2 can be used in the speed reduction/reversing machine of the present invention.

Furthermore, since the speed reduction/reversing gear of the present invention is equipped with two clutch mechanisms F and R for forward movement and two for reverse movement,
Regardless of whether the engine 7 has a forward rotation specification or a reverse rotation specification, each clutch mechanism F, R will share 1/2 of the rotational force in the forward direction or reverse direction, and therefore each clutch mechanism F , R will never run out of torque capacity. In other words, the common speed reduction/reversing gear can be combined with either the normal rotation specification engine 7 or the reverse rotation specification engine 7. Note that when the engine 7 is of reverse rotation specification, the clutch mechanism F transmits rotational force in the reverse direction. Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the torque capacity of each clutch mechanism F, R only needs to correspond to 1/2 of the total engine torque, the diameter of each clutch mechanism F, R can be made smaller to make the overall structure more compact. Can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic rear view of a speed reduction/reversing machine different from the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a fishing boat, Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a speed reduction/reversing machine according to the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a cross section of Fig. 3. It is a partial diagram. 2...Input shaft, 5...Output shaft, 6...Output gear, 10...Reduction/reversing gear case, 15, 16, 17, 18...Bearing, 12...
Input gear, F...forward (first) clutch mechanism,
R...Reverse (second) clutch mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The output shaft is supported via bearings by the lower part of the pair of ends of the reduction/reversing gear case, and the input shaft is supported above the output shaft via the bearings by the above pair of end walls. An output gear and an input gear are respectively mounted on the shaft at positions offset from each other in the axial direction, and a pair of first clutch mechanisms for connecting the input gear to the output gear are mounted diagonally below both sides of the input shaft and diagonally above both sides of the output shaft. A pair of second clutch mechanisms are disposed on both sides of the output shaft and below the first clutch mechanism to connect the input gear of the first clutch mechanism and the output gear on the output shaft. 2-axis reverse 2-axis reduction/reversing machine.