JPH0160729B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an incinerator that includes an incineration exhaust gas cooling section and a cooling furnace integrally.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in an incinerator equipped with an incineration exhaust gas cooling section that cools the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, such as a waste heat boiler, an air cooler, and a water spray gas cooling room,
The upper air incineration exhaust gas cooling unit was installed as an independent device away from the incinerator, and was connected to each other by a duct lined with a resistant material.
Its concrete structure is as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, for example.

In what is shown in FIG. 7, an incinerator 20, a gas cooling chamber 22, an air preheater 23, an electric precipitator 24, an induced blower 25, and a chimney 26 are connected in this order by a duct. The incinerator 20 is supplied with materials to be incinerated, auxiliary combustion materials, and air for thermal incineration, and non-heatable materials are discharged. In the gas cooling chamber 22, cooling water that has passed through the injection water pressurizing pump 27 is injected into the combustion exhaust gas to cool the gas. The air preheater 23 preheats the combustion air sent from the forced air blower 28 and sends it to the incineration path 20, while cooling the exhaust gas. Ash separated from the combustion exhaust gas is removed from the gas cooling chamber 22 and the electrostatic precipitator 24.

Next, in the one shown in FIG. 8, the incinerator 20,
Waste heat boiler 29, electric precipitator 24, induced fan 2
5 and a chimney 26 are connected by a duct. The incinerator 20 is supplied with incineration materials, combustion aids, and combustion air sent from the forced air blower 28 through the steam air preheater 30, and noncombustible materials are discharged. Canned water is supplied to the waste heat boiler 29 to generate steam. Ash in the exhaust gas is removed from the waste heat boiler 29 and the electrostatic precipitator 24.

Furthermore, in the one shown in FIG. 9, the incinerator 20,
An air preheater 23, a white smoke countermeasure heat exchanger 31, a cyclone 32, an induced blower 25, a scrubber 33, and a chimney 26 are sequentially connected by a duct. Then, combustion air is supplied to the incinerator 20 through the air preheater 23 from the incineration material, the auxiliary combustion material, and the forced air blower 28, and the incombustible materials are discharged. The white smoke countermeasure fan 34 preheats the white smoke countermeasure air in the white smoke countermeasure heat exchanger 31 and then supplies the air to the duct between the scrubber 33 and the chimney 26 . The ash separated in the air preheater 23 and cyclone 32 is removed. Scrubber 33
Washing water is sprayed.

As mentioned above, the waste heat boiler 29, the air preheater 2
3 and a water atomized gas cooling chamber 22.
Since the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit that cools the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 20 was installed separately from the incinerator 20, a huge installation area was required. Support structures, inspection walkways, etc. must be installed to prevent pressure loss due to turbulence in the exhaust gas flow in the flue such as connection ducts, incinerator outlet, and inlet of the incineration exhaust gas cooling section, as well as dust accumulation and adhesion. There were problems such as unavoidable problems.

Therefore, recently, as shown in FIG. 10, the exhaust gas cooling unit 21 is placed on top of the incinerator 20, and integrated so that the ceiling of the free board part of the incinerator 20 becomes the inlet of the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 21. Advanced incinerators are being put into practical use.

As a result, the installation area of the equipment is completely unnecessary for the incineration exhaust gas cooling section, there is no connecting duct, the support frame is only for the incinerator, and the inspection walkway is only the one that protrudes from the incinerator and cooling section casing. In time, there was almost no turbulence in the incineration exhaust gas flow, thus reducing incineration exhaust gas ventilation pressure loss, dust accumulation, adhesion, etc., reducing maintenance problems and reducing the power required for ventilation.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, when the incinerator 20 and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 21 are integrated, a large amount of heat is transferred from the incinerator 20 to the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 21 in the form of radiation, and as a result, the temperature inside the incinerator 20 decreases. The thing is,
Although this method is advantageous for some types of incineration, it may be disadvantageous for other types of incineration, and in some cases, such an integrated furnace cannot be used.

In other words, in the case of incinerated materials with a high calorific value, the cooling load on the furnace is reduced, and when a waste heat boiler or air preheater is used to cool the incineration exhaust gas, there is no need to cool the furnace. This is advantageous in that there is no need to increase the heat transfer area of the waste heat boiler or air preheater, since the amount of heat that can be recovered is increased, and a large amount of heat is transferred by radiation.

On the other hand, in the case of incinerated materials with low calorific value,
The inside of the incinerator is cooled by the heat transfer, and in order to maintain the inside of the furnace at the temperature necessary for incineration, it becomes necessary to add or increase the amount of combustion aid. If sufficient combustion is still not possible, the amount of unburned matter in the ash and exhaust gas may increase. Therefore, in such a case, it is common practice to not integrate the incinerator 20 and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 21, but to form them as separate and independent equipment, or to form them as modified pieces as shown in Fig. 11. It was hot. However, although the equipment shown in Fig. 11 integrates the incinerator 20 and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 21, the structure of the connection part is rather complicated, and the incinerator cannot be cooled by radiant electric heat. The upper part of the furnace was the same as that shown in Figure 10, and it was necessary to allow for an allowance for the volume of the furnace.

The present invention solves the above problems of the conventional ones, has a small installation area, does not require connecting ducts,
The support frame and inspection walkway can be simple, prevent heat from the incinerator from moving to the incineration exhaust gas cooling section by radiation heat transfer, and maintain the inside of the incinerator at the required temperature.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator in which an exhaust gas cooling section is integrated with an incinerator, which can achieve complete incineration of incinerated materials.

[Means and actions for solving problems]

As a means to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an incinerator in which an incineration exhaust gas cooling section is integrally mounted on the upper part of the incinerator, in which the exhaust gas flow near the connection part between the incinerator and the incineration exhaust gas cooling section is provided. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an incinerator characterized by a hollow shield whose outer surface is covered with a refractory material installed in the roadway, thereby preventing radiant heat transfer from the incinerator to the exhaust gas cooling section. , the temperature inside the incinerator can be maintained at a temperature depending on the material to be incinerated, and the incinerator can be used for any kind of material to be incinerated.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention.

Above the incinerator 1, there is an incineration exhaust gas cooling section 2 such as a gas cooling chamber, a waste heat boiler, or an air preheater.
It is placed in one piece. A single hollow shield 3 is installed laterally in the exhaust gas flow path near the connection between the incinerator 1 and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 2. The hollow shield 3 has a rectangular cross section and is open at one or both ends to allow free air circulation.
The dimensions, shape, and arrangement of the hollow shield 3 are such that the heat inside the incinerator 1 is prevented from being transmitted to the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 2 by radiation as much as possible, but it does not prevent the incineration exhaust gas from flowing out. It shall be such that no pressure loss occurs.

FIG. 2 also shows a second embodiment.

Above the incinerator 1, an incineration exhaust gas cooling section 2 similar to the above is integrally connected. Hollow shield 3
are a number of small, rectangular cross-sections, open at one or both ends, arranged at the same height and at suitable intervals.

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hollow shield shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

As shown in the figure, both ends of the hollow shield 3 protrude from the casing 7 of the incinerator 1, and one or both end faces are open to the atmosphere. The hollow shield 3 has a heat insulating material 5 and a fireproof material 6 placed around a hollow shield casing 4, thereby maintaining almost the same heat insulation and fire resistance as an incinerator.

In addition, in order to release the difference in thermal expansion between the incinerator casing 7 and the hollow shield casing 4, the hollow shield casing 4 is fixed at one end (the left end in the drawing).
Expansion 8 with the other end free, wrapped with fireproof cloth such as asbestos, and fixed with a band 9
This isolates the inside and outside of the furnace and prevents air and incineration exhaust gas from leaking.

Moreover, by making the hollow shield 3 hollow and opening one or both ends to the atmosphere, the temperature increase is suppressed by heat exchange with the atmosphere circulating inside. Therefore, like the incinerator wall, the refractory 6 of the hollow shield 3 is also protected by passing a heat insulating material 5 through the hollow shield casing 4 to radiate some heat. However, it must be avoided that a large amount of heat within the incinerator 1 is dissipated to the outside via the hollow shield 3.

The refractory material 6 is usually one with a specific gravity of 1 to 3, such as refractory castable or refractory brick.
Further, as the heat insulating material 5, it is desirable to use a material with a small specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.3, such as a ceramic heat insulating board or a heat insulating castable.

When the hollow shield casing 4 is made of steel, if the fireproof material 6 itself has a heat insulating effect and the temperature of the hollow shield casing 4 can be suppressed to 300°C or less, preferably around 200°C, a heat insulating material should be applied. There's no need. If heat-resistant steel is used for the hollow shield casing 4, its temperature can also be increased further. Forced ventilation of the air within the hollow shield casing 4 is effective in suppressing the temperature of the hollow shield 3.

FIG. 4 shows another structure of the hollow shield 3. In FIG.

As in the embodiment shown in FIG. Of course, there is no problem even if the incinerator casing 7 and the hollow shield casing 4 are integrated as shown in the figure.

Note that the shape of the hollow shield 3 must be determined taking into account the possibility that dust will accumulate on it and the exhaust gas flow will be disturbed. It is preferable to sandwich the width between the two.

By having the above-described configuration, heat transfer by radiation from the incinerator 1 to the exhaust gas cooling unit 2 is almost prevented, even though the incinerator 1 and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit 2 are integrally configured. , the thermal relationship can be severed in the same way as with the separate type shown in FIGS. 7 to 9.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the hollow shield 3 is composed of a large number of hollow tubes installed in a staggered manner in the exhaust gas flow path near the exhaust gas cooling section 2 and the connection section in the upper part of the incinerator 1. In this embodiment, radiation heat transfer from the incinerator 1 to the exhaust gas cooling section 2 is almost completely prevented.

FIG. 6 shows yet another embodiment, in which the incinerator 1 is constructed with a fluidized bed 10 and a freeboard section 11.

A burner 12 is provided on the side wall of the incinerator 1, and a part of combustion auxiliary material and combustion air is supplied to the burner 12. Most of the combustion air is supplied from below the fluidized bed 10, and after the fluidized bed 10 has been fluidized, the incineration material introduced from above is incinerated. In such a fluidized bed incinerator,
It is essential for the operation of the incinerator 1 to maintain the temperature of the fluidized bed 10 at least 500°C or higher, preferably 600°C or higher, and in order to do so, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the fluidized bed 10 as high as possible, especially in the case of incinerated materials with low calorific value. Suppressing the outflow of heat or increasing the inflow of heat leads to stable combustion and a reduction in the amount of combustion aids used.

Therefore, the freeboard portion 1 is protected by the hollow shield 3.
Maintaining the high temperature at 1, increasing the inflow of heat from the freeboard section 11 to the fluidized bed 10, and suppressing the outflow of heat from the fluidized bed 10 to the exhaust gas cooling section 2 directly improves the incineration function and helps. This is particularly effective in reducing fuel consumption.

Hollow shield 3 in FIGS. 5 and 6 above
can have a structure as shown in either FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 depending on the circumstances.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, in an incinerator in which the incineration exhaust gas cooling section is integrally mounted on the upper part of the incinerator, it is easy to prevent the heat in the incinerator from being transmitted to the incineration exhaust gas cooling section in the form of radiation. As a result, it is now possible to use an incinerator with a simple structure that integrates the incinerator and exhaust gas cooling section for any type of incineration material, saving site space and simplifying the structure. This makes it possible to reduce exhaust gas pressure loss, reduce dust adhesion, etc., and has a significant effect on lowering construction costs, operating costs, and maintenance management.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1, 2, 5, and 6 are schematic side sectional views showing embodiments of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional side views of the hollow shield in the above embodiments. Figures 7, 8 and 9 are flow diagrams of conventional separate type incinerators, Figures 10 and 11.
The figure is a diagrammatic side sectional view of a conventional integrated incinerator. 1... Incinerator, 2... Exhaust gas cooling unit, 3... Hollow shield, 4... Hollow shield casing, 5...
Insulating material, 6... Fireproof material, 7... Casing, 8...
... Expansion, 9 ... Band, 10 ... Fluidized bed, 11 ... Freeboard section, 12 ... Burner, 20 ... Incinerator, 21 ... Exhaust gas cooling section, 2
2...Gas cooling chamber, 23...Air preheater, 24...
...Electric precipitator, 25...Induced blower, 26...Chimney, 27...Injection water pressure pump, 28...Forced air blower, 29...Waste heat boiler, 30...Air preheater, 31...White Heat exchanger for smoke prevention, 32...Cyclone, 33...Scrubber, 34...White smoke control fan.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an incinerator in which an incineration exhaust gas cooling unit is integrally mounted on the upper part of the incinerator, a hollow shield whose outer surface is covered with a refractory material is provided in the exhaust gas flow path near the connection between the incinerator and the incineration exhaust gas cooling unit. An incineration device characterized by the fact that it is equipped with a human body.