JPH0161211B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0161211B2 JPH0161211B2 JP20581881A JP20581881A JPH0161211B2 JP H0161211 B2 JPH0161211 B2 JP H0161211B2 JP 20581881 A JP20581881 A JP 20581881A JP 20581881 A JP20581881 A JP 20581881A JP H0161211 B2 JPH0161211 B2 JP H0161211B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- temperature sensing
- martensitic transformation
- sensing elements
- sensing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、回路接点を開閉しかつ開閉温度を任
意に制御することができる形状記憶合金を用いた
温度制御スイツチに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a temperature control switch using a shape memory alloy that can open and close circuit contacts and arbitrarily control the opening and closing temperature.
形状記憶合金は、温度の高い母相で一旦形状を
成形し、これを温度降下させてマルテンサイト変
態で成形した形状に再び戻るという極めて特異な
特性をもつている。また形状記憶合金は、温度の
高い母相状態にあるときとマルテンサイト変態の
状態にあるときとでは、同じひずみ量に対する抗
張力の値が母相変態時の場合がマルテンサイト変
態時より約３倍大きい。従つてこれらの特性を有
する形状記憶合金を機械的なばねと組合せること
により、ある温度範囲で任意に温度を制御するこ
とができる温度制御スイツチを構成することがで
きる。 Shape memory alloys have an extremely unique property in that they are once formed into a shape in a high-temperature matrix, and when the temperature is lowered, they return to the formed shape through martensitic transformation. In addition, when a shape memory alloy is in a high-temperature matrix state and when it is in a martensitic transformation state, the tensile strength value for the same amount of strain is approximately three times higher in the matrix transformation state than in the martensitic transformation state. big. Therefore, by combining a shape memory alloy having these characteristics with a mechanical spring, it is possible to construct a temperature control switch that can arbitrarily control the temperature within a certain temperature range.
一方、形状記憶合金を用いた温度制御スイツチ
は、感温素子に１個の形状記憶合金を用いること
により構造が簡単で廉価に提供し得る。しかし、
形状記憶合金は、母相、マルテンサイト変態の合
金組成と温度との間にはヒステリシス特性を持つ
ているため、この種の温度制御スイツチも温度に
よつてスイツチ作動時にヒステリシスを持つこと
になる。従つて狭く設定した制御温度範囲の間で
作動するようにした温度制御スイツチには不適当
な構造といえる。 On the other hand, a temperature control switch using a shape memory alloy has a simple structure and can be provided at low cost by using one shape memory alloy for the temperature sensing element. but,
Since shape memory alloys have a hysteresis characteristic between the alloy composition of the matrix, martensitic transformation, and temperature, this type of temperature control switch also has hysteresis when the switch is operated depending on the temperature. Therefore, this structure is inappropriate for a temperature control switch that operates within a narrowly set control temperature range.
本発明はかかる点に鑑み、マルテンサイト変態
温度の異なる形状記憶合金を組合わせることによ
り、狭いから広い温度範囲まで任意の設定が可能
であり、かつ制御温度とヒステリシスの可変な温
度制御スイツチを提供することを主たる目的とす
る。 In view of this, the present invention provides a temperature control switch that can be set arbitrarily from a narrow to wide temperature range and has variable control temperature and hysteresis by combining shape memory alloys with different martensitic transformation temperatures. The main purpose is to
以下本発明の一実施例について図面を参照しな
がら詳細に説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一例を示す側面図、第２図は
第１図中−線断面図である。また第３図はス
イツチのオフ状態時の側面図である。１は感温素
子を示し、形状記憶合金により形成される。形状
記憶合金は、温度が上昇して母相の組織に戻る
と、母相の状態で予め成形された形状に戻る性質
を有しているため、温度が上昇して母相の状態の
ときに、第３図に示す如く、折曲変形した形状に
成形しておく。従つて形状記憶合金がマルテンサ
イト変態から母相に組織が変化すると、感温素子
１は、第３図に示す如く、元の成形形状に戻るこ
とになる。１′は感温素子１のマルテンサイト変
態温度より高い感温素子を示し、ほぼ同じ形状に
成形しておく。感温素子１，１′により複合感温
素子を構成しているが、感温素子を３個以上含む
構造とすることができる。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the switch when it is in the OFF state. 1 indicates a temperature sensing element, which is made of a shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloys have the property of returning to the preformed shape in the matrix state when the temperature rises and returns to the matrix state. , as shown in FIG. 3, is formed into a bent and deformed shape. Therefore, when the structure of the shape memory alloy changes from martensitic transformation to the parent phase, the temperature sensing element 1 returns to its original molded shape as shown in FIG. 1' indicates a temperature sensing element whose martensitic transformation temperature is higher than that of the temperature sensing element 1, which is molded into approximately the same shape. Although the temperature sensing elements 1 and 1' constitute a composite temperature sensing element, the structure may include three or more temperature sensing elements.
２は、通常の板ばねより成るばねを示し、設定
する制御温度の範囲でばね力の変化しない材料が
用いられる。このばね２と絶縁体６を介して設け
た基台３との間に各感温素子１，１′が並列して
挟持されている。そしてばね２のばね力を微調整
するため、ばね２に対して力を及ぼす補助ばね４
が設けられ、調整ねじ７の回動によつてばね２及
び補助ばね４のばね力を微調整し得るように構成
される。ばね２と基台３とには相対向して電気接
点９ａ，９ｂが設けられ、接点９ａ，９ｂに接続
したリード線１０により電気回路に接続されてい
る。尚、基台３は温度による変形又は感温素子の
偏倚力によりたわみを生ずるものでなければよ
く、金属製又は合成樹脂製でもよい。 Reference numeral 2 indicates a spring made of a normal leaf spring, and a material whose spring force does not change within the set control temperature range is used. Temperature sensing elements 1 and 1' are sandwiched in parallel between this spring 2 and a base 3 provided with an insulator 6 in between. In order to finely adjust the spring force of the spring 2, an auxiliary spring 4 exerts a force on the spring 2.
is provided so that the spring force of the spring 2 and the auxiliary spring 4 can be finely adjusted by rotating the adjustment screw 7. Electric contacts 9a and 9b are provided on the spring 2 and the base 3 to face each other, and are connected to an electric circuit by a lead wire 10 connected to the contacts 9a and 9b. The base 3 may be made of metal or synthetic resin as long as it does not bend due to deformation due to temperature or biasing force of the temperature sensing element.
第４図は各感温素子１，１′の温度と応力との
関係を示しており、同図Ａは感温素子１、同図Ｂ
は感温素子１′、同図Ｃは感温素子１，１′の合成
した関係を示している。同図Ｃの関係は第１図例
に示した感温素子１，１′の配列に相当する。そ
して感温素子１′のマルテンサイト変態温度は感
温素子１のそれより高く設定さていること前述し
た通りであるが、更に温度ヒステリシスを小に設
定するため、感温素子１の母相変態終了温度Ｂ点
と感温素子１′のマルテンサイト変態終了温度Ａ
点とをほぼ同じになる感温素子を選択する。そし
て機械的ばね２，４による合成ばね力は、各感温
素子１，１′の合成した偏倚力の中点f1となるよ
うに調整ねじ７により調整する。 Figure 4 shows the relationship between the temperature and stress of each temperature sensing element 1, 1'.
shows the temperature sensing element 1', and C shows the combined relationship of the temperature sensing elements 1 and 1'. The relationship shown in C in the figure corresponds to the arrangement of the temperature sensing elements 1 and 1' shown in the example of FIG. As mentioned above, the martensitic transformation temperature of temperature sensing element 1' is set higher than that of temperature sensing element 1, but in order to further set the temperature hysteresis small, the matrix transformation of temperature sensing element 1 is completed. Temperature point B and martensitic transformation end temperature A of temperature sensing element 1'
Select a temperature sensing element whose temperature is almost the same as the point. The combined spring force of the mechanical springs 2 and 4 is adjusted by the adjusting screw 7 so that it becomes the midpoint f 1 of the combined biasing forces of the temperature sensing elements 1 and 1'.
今、各感温素子１，１′の温度が高く、共に母
相変換状態にある温度t1のときは、第４図Ｃに示
す如く、複合感温素子１，１′の合成偏倚力は、
抗張力がマルテンサイト変態時の約３倍と大きい
ため、ばね２，４の合成力に抗して各感温素子
１，１′が、第３図に示す如く、上方へ反つて各
接点９ａ，９ｂを開放することになる。 Now, when the temperature of each temperature-sensing element 1, 1' is high and the temperature is t 1 , where both are in the state of matrix transformation, the combined biasing force of the composite temperature-sensing element 1, 1' is as shown in Fig. 4C. ,
Since the tensile strength is about three times as large as that of martensitic transformation, each temperature sensing element 1, 1' bends upward against the combined force of springs 2, 4, as shown in FIG. This will open up 9b.
次に温度が下つてくると、複合感温素子１，
１′は第４図Ｃに示す曲線に沿つて変化し、それ
に伴つて応力も低下する。感温素子１′のマルテ
ンサイト変態終了点Ａを僅かに下つたところで、
複合感温素子１，１′の偏倚力よりばね２，４の
合成力が勝り、従つて接点９ａ，９ｂは閉じられ
ることになる。逆に温度が上がると、感温素子１
の曲線に沿つて変化し、母相変態温度終了点Ｂを
僅かに上がつたところでばね２，４の合成力より
複合感温素子１，１′の偏倚力が勝り、従つて接
点９ａ，９ｂは開かれることになる。このように
して制御温度幅（温度ヒステリシス）の極めて小
さい温度制御スイツチを構成することができる。 Next, when the temperature drops, the composite temperature sensing element 1,
1' changes along the curve shown in FIG. 4C, and the stress also decreases accordingly. At a point slightly below the end point A of martensitic transformation of temperature sensing element 1',
The combined force of the springs 2 and 4 exceeds the biasing force of the composite temperature sensing elements 1 and 1', and therefore the contacts 9a and 9b are closed. Conversely, when the temperature rises, temperature sensing element 1
When the temperature slightly exceeds the parent phase transformation temperature end point B, the biasing force of the composite temperature sensing elements 1 and 1' exceeds the combined force of the springs 2 and 4, and therefore the contact points 9a and 9b will be opened. In this way, a temperature control switch with an extremely small control temperature width (temperature hysteresis) can be constructed.
第５図は本発明の他の例を示す複合感温素子の
温度・応力線図である。本例においては、マルテ
ンサイト変態温度の高い感温素子１１のマルテン
サイト変態終了温度t4より、マルテンサイト変態
温度の低い感温素子１２の母相変態終了温度t3を
高く設定したものである。このような構成による
と、同図において各感温素子１１，１２が共に母
相変態状態にある温度t5から温度が下がつてt4よ
り僅かに温度が下がると、第１図に示す接点９
ａ，９ｂは閉じられ、温度が上がつてt3より僅か
に温度が上がると接点９ａ，９ｂは開かれること
になる。この場合、t3とt4との温度が第４図例に
較べて大きいため、制御温度幅（温度ヒステリシ
ス）の大きい温度制御スイツチを構成することが
できる。 FIG. 5 is a temperature/stress diagram of a composite thermosensitive element showing another example of the present invention. In this example, the matrix transformation end temperature t 3 of the temperature sensing element 12 with a low martensitic transformation temperature is set higher than the martensite transformation end temperature t 4 of the temperature sensing element 11 with a high martensitic transformation temperature. . According to such a configuration, when the temperature decreases from temperature t 5 at which both the temperature sensing elements 11 and 12 are in the matrix transformation state in the figure, and becomes slightly lower than t 4 , the contact point shown in FIG. 9
The contacts a and 9b are closed, and when the temperature rises slightly above t3 , the contacts 9a and 9b are opened. In this case, since the temperatures at t 3 and t 4 are larger than in the example shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to construct a temperature control switch with a large control temperature range (temperature hysteresis).
尚、複合感温素子の温度ヒステリシスは母相・
マルテンサイト変態温度を任意に選択することに
より、容易に変更することができることは上述に
徴して明らかとなる。 In addition, the temperature hysteresis of the composite thermosensor is due to the parent phase and
It is clear from the above that the martensitic transformation temperature can be easily changed by arbitrarily selecting the martensitic transformation temperature.
以上述べた如く本発明によれば、マルテンサイ
ト変態温度の異なる複数の形状記憶合金より成る
感温素子と、複数の感温素子の合成偏倚力に対抗
するばね手段とより成り、ばね手段のばね力は上
記合成偏倚力の中間値に設定し、複数の感温素子
はその一方の母相変態終了温度と他方のマルテン
サイト変態終了温度とが近接する組成としたの
で、
狭い温度範囲の設定が可能なこの種温度とな制
御スイツチを提供し得る。 As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature sensing element is composed of a plurality of shape memory alloys having different martensitic transformation temperatures, and a spring means for resisting the combined biasing force of the plurality of temperature sensing elements. The force was set to an intermediate value of the above composite biasing force, and the multiple temperature sensing elements were composed so that the parent phase transformation end temperature of one of them and the martensitic transformation end temperature of the other were close to each other, so it was possible to set a narrow temperature range. A control switch may be provided to accommodate this type of temperature.
また本発明によれば、マルテンサイト変態温度
の異なる複数の形状記憶合金より成る感温素子
と、複数の感温素子の合成偏倚力に対抗するばね
手段とより成り、ばね手段のばね力は上記合成偏
倚力の中間値に設定し、複数の感温素子はその一
方の母相変態終了温度と他方のマルテンサイト変
態終了温度とが離間する組成としたので、
広い温度範囲ことを特徴とする温度制御スイツ
チの設定が可能なこの種温度制御スイツチを提供
し得る。したがつて、任意の温度ヒステリシス特
性を持つ温度制御スイツチを簡単に提供すること
ができる。 Further, according to the present invention, the temperature sensing element is made of a plurality of shape memory alloys having different martensitic transformation temperatures, and the spring means counteracts the combined biasing force of the plurality of temperature sensing elements, and the spring force of the spring means is as described above. The composite biasing force is set to an intermediate value, and the plurality of temperature sensing elements have a composition in which the matrix transformation end temperature of one of them is separated from the martensitic transformation end temperature of the other, so the temperature is characterized by a wide temperature range. It is possible to provide a temperature control switch of this type that allows the control switch to be set. Therefore, a temperature control switch having arbitrary temperature hysteresis characteristics can be easily provided.
第１図は本発明の一例を示す側面図、第２図は
第１図中−線断面図、第３図は動作の説明に
供する図、第４図Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃは複合感温素子の温
度・応力特性曲線の一例を示す図、第５図は温
度・応力特性曲線の他の例を示す図である。
１，１′……複合感温素子、２，４……ばね手
段、７……調整ねじ、９ａ，９ｂ……接点。
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature/stress characteristic curve. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the temperature/stress characteristic curve. 1, 1'...Composite temperature sensing element, 2, 4...Spring means, 7...Adjustment screw, 9a, 9b...Contact.
Claims (1)
記憶合金より成る感温素子と、複数の感温素子の
合成偏倚力に対抗するばね手段とより成り、ばね
手段のばね力は上記合成偏倚力の中間値に設定
し、複数の感温素子はその一方の母相変態終了温
度と他方のマルテンサイト変態終了温度とが近接
する組成としたことを特徴とする温度制御スイツ
チ。 ２ マルテンサイト変態温度の異なる複数の形状
記憶合金より成る感温素子と、複数の感温素子の
合成偏倚力に対抗するばね手段とより成り、ばね
手段のばね力は上記合成偏倚力の中間値に設定
し、複数の感温素子はその一方の母相変態終了温
度と他方のマルテンサイト変態終了温度とが離間
する組成としたことを特徴とする温度制御スイツ
チ。[Claims] 1. Consists of a temperature sensing element made of a plurality of shape memory alloys having different martensitic transformation temperatures, and a spring means for opposing the combined biasing force of the plurality of temperature sensing elements, the spring force of the spring means being A temperature control switch characterized in that the composite biasing force is set to an intermediate value, and the plurality of temperature sensing elements have compositions in which the parent phase transformation end temperature of one of the temperature sensing elements and the martensitic transformation end temperature of the other are close to each other. 2 Consists of a temperature-sensitive element made of a plurality of shape memory alloys having different martensitic transformation temperatures, and a spring means that counters the combined biasing force of the plurality of temperature-sensitive elements, and the spring force of the spring means is an intermediate value of the above-mentioned combined biasing force. 1. A temperature control switch characterized in that the plurality of temperature sensing elements have compositions such that the mother phase transformation end temperature of one of the temperature sensing elements and the martensitic transformation end temperature of the other are separated from each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581881A JPS58106723A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581881A JPS58106723A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58106723A JPS58106723A (en) | 1983-06-25 |
| JPH0161211B2 true JPH0161211B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
Family
ID=16513202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581881A Granted JPS58106723A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58106723A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0635307U (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-05-10 | 帝金株式会社 | Side rail mounting part of fence |
-
1981
- 1981-12-19 JP JP20581881A patent/JPS58106723A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0635307U (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-05-10 | 帝金株式会社 | Side rail mounting part of fence |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58106723A (en) | 1983-06-25 |
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