JPH0210700B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a cutting device that finely analyzes chips and the like discharged from, for example, a machine tool and processes them in a compact manner. (Prior art) Chips discharged from machine tools such as lathes are generally scattered around the machine, worsening the working environment, impairing work safety, and requiring workers to regularly clean it. As a result, there have been problems such as reduced work efficiency, and improvements have been desired for some time. In view of these points, the applicant arranged a large number of cutters around a pair of rotating shafts, and made these cutters mesh with each other to break the chips carried into the cutters into small pieces and process them compactly. We have developed various chip cutting devices and their conveyance devices, and have already filed applications for these. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention further improves the cutting device for which the application has already been filed, cuts pieces to be processed such as chips with higher accuracy and precision, and promotes compact processing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting device as described above. (Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the cutting device of the present invention has a plurality of cutters attached to a pair of rotatable cutter shafts installed in parallel, and these cutters are arranged in alternating engagement. The cutting device is characterized in that the cutter is formed into a substantially truncated cone shape, and a plurality of capture grooves are opened at the periphery of the large-diameter end along the axial direction. (Embodiment) Hereinafter, an illustrated embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a chip cutting device will be described. In FIGS. 1 to 6, 1 is a conveyor case installed close to a machine tool (not shown); Inside is a scrap conveyor 2 that transports chips discharged from machine tools.
The discharge end of the is housed, and the discharge port 3 is located below
is opened. Reference numerals 4 and 4 denote support arms having a substantially L-shaped cross section with one end fixed to both side walls 1a, 1a of the conveyor case 1, and a cutter 5 being held at the other end. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter 5 is
A pair of cutter shafts 9, 10 made of splines, for example, are attached to a machine frame 8 in which a pair of vertical frames 6, 6 and a horizontal frame 7, 7 are assembled in a rectangular shape facing each other.
is rotatably supported via bearings 11, 11. A large number of similarly configured cutters 12 are closely arranged in the same direction on each of these cutter shafts 9 and 10,
Moreover, the cutter shafts 9 and 10 are arranged in different directions from each other, and these cutter shafts 9 and 10 are interposed in an interlocking arrangement as shown in the figure. The cutter 12 is formed into a substantially truncated cone shape as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and has a fitting hole 13 in the shape of a spline, for example, which can fit into the cutter shafts 9 and 10 at the center thereof. A plurality of capture grooves 14 each having a substantially semicircular shape in plan are opened in the large-diameter side circumferential surface. Gears 15 and 16 are fixed to the shaft ends of the cutter shafts 9 and 10, and mesh with each other to enable the shafts 9 and 10 to rotate at the same speed in opposite directions. 17 is a dish-shaped chute facing directly below the outlet 3;
It is attached via support pieces 18, 18 fixed to the side surfaces of the vertical frames 6, 6. Reference numeral 19 denotes a motor with a reducer 20 disposed nearby, and its drive shaft 21 and one cutter shaft 9 are connected via a coupling 22. In addition, in the figure, 23 is a chip storage box positioned below the cutter 5 , 24 is a motor installed on the discharge end side of the scrap conveyor 2, 25 is a chain case, 26 is a switch box, and 27, 27 are A guide member disposed close to the cutters 12, 12 group, whose upper surface is formed into an inclined slope in the direction of the cutter 12, and whose tip is formed into a substantially serrated shape along the outer shape of the cutter 12 to cut the cutter. Powder cutter 12
I try to make it slide down in the direction. 7a, b, and c show other embodiments of the cutters 12, 12, in which the same reference numerals are used for corresponding components as in the previous embodiment. Of these, figure a
In the embodiment shown in FIG.
The projections 28 provided on the opposing cutter 12 and the conical surface are disposed so that they can mesh with each other, and the chips to be processed can be shredded with high accuracy. The cutter 12 is characterized in that it is made with high precision. In this embodiment, the cutter 12 is arranged so as to be able to engage with the concave and convex portions of the cutter 12 facing each other, so that chips can be shredded with high accuracy and high precision.
It is characterized in that the load on the cutters 12, 12 during shredding is reduced. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. The feature is that the structure is simplified by meshing with the concave and convex portions. FIGS. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals are used for components corresponding to those of the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the cutter 12' constituting the cutter 5 is formed into a substantially disk shape instead of the truncated cone shape described above, and a substantially semicircular capture groove 14 is formed on the outer periphery of the plate surface. A large number of these cutters 12' are arranged, and spacers 29 having a small diameter and approximately the same thickness as the cutters 12' are inserted between the cutters 12' and 12' in each row. A substantially bite-shaped primary cutter 30 is disposed above. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, this primary cutter 30 has a shank portion 31 formed by bending a square member into a substantially F-shape.
1 is provided with a tip-shaped cutting edge portion 32,
A substantially arc-shaped recess 3 on the lower surface of the tip side of the shank portion 31
3, the recess 33 is positioned directly above the upper circumferential surface of the spacer 29, and the cutting edge 32 is disposed close to the circumferential surface of the opposing cutter 12'. He is trying to fix it to the upper end part of the horizontal frame 7 via the formed recessed hole 34 and the bolt 35. In the figure, 36 is a groove formed at the upper end of the horizontal frame 7, which is provided at a position corresponding to the spacer 29 position, and the shank portion 31 is accommodated therein, and 37 is a groove formed in the upper end of the horizontal frame 7. This is a screw hole provided at the bottom. In this embodiment, before cutting with the cutter 12', the primary cutter 30 cuts a part of the cut in advance to promote highly precise shredding, and the cutter 12 facing the spacer 29 This feature is characterized in that chips from the end cutting are prevented from falling out from the gap 38 with ', and the chips can be cut with high accuracy. FIGS. 11 to 13 show a third embodiment of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are used for parts corresponding to the structures of the previous embodiments. In the execution row, cutter 1
2', 12', that is, the inner peripheral surfaces of the cutter 12' and the spacer 29 facing each other, and the cutters 12', 1 located on both sides of the spacer 29.
2' at the lower position of 38,
Cutters 12' having an upper edge 39 and a lower edge 40 as shown in the figure and plate-shaped secondary cutters 41 having approximately the same thickness are alternately arranged, and the upper edge 39 is close to the inner lower peripheral surface of the spacer 29. The lower edge 40 is located close to the lower peripheral surface of the opposing cutter 12',
These are the corresponding cutter 12' and spacer 29.
It is attached to a groove 43 formed in the fixing plate 42 via a bolt 44 so as to match the position of the fixing plate 42 .
Note that it is also possible to integrally mold the secondary cutter 41 and the fixing plate 42 by molding. In the figure, 45 is a screw hole provided at the bottom of the groove 43, and 46 is a screw hole provided on the end surface of the fixing plate 42, which can be screwed with a bolt 47 that is inserted through a screw hole (not shown) in the vertical frame 6. is being used. In this embodiment, chips falling through the gap 38 between the cutter 12' and the spacer 29 facing each other are received by the inclined guide surface 41a formed on the secondary cutter 41 , and are transferred to the lower edge 40. The cutter 12' is separated by the cutter 12' and the lower edge 40, and the cutter 12' is separated by the cutter 12' and the lower edge 40, which prevents clogging of chips due to the small space of the gap 38, galling of the cutter 12' by the chips, and reduction of cutter driving force due to this galling. Trying to prevent losses. By arranging the secondary cutter 41 below the gap 38, the lower part of the gap 38 is substantially closed and the cut and uncut chips that have passed through the cutter 12' are prevented from passing through. This is received by the guide surface 41a and moved securely to the lower edge 40 side, and the edge 40 and the cutter 1
It is cut again at 2'. Moreover, the upper and lower edges 39 and 40 of the secondary cutter 41 are arranged close to the inner lower circumferential surfaces of the spacer 29 and the cutter 12' to prevent chips from adhering to these circumferential surfaces and to scrape them off. Chips are accommodated in the guide surface 41a. Furthermore, the fixing plate 42 is made into a flat plate shape, and the upper and lower edges 3 of the secondary cutter 41 are
9 and 40 are positioned slightly above the inner lower peripheral surfaces of the cutter 12' and the spacer 29, in other words, the lower end peripheral surfaces of the cutter 12' and the spacer 29, and the secondary cutter 41 and the fixed plate 42 integrated therewith are By arranging the cutter 5 in close proximity to the cutter 12' direction, the height of the vertical frame 6 to which the fixed plate 42 is attached is lowered, and the horizontal frame 7 is also made to follow this, thereby reducing the size and weight of the cutter 5. It is characterized by such things. (Function) When installing a cutting device configured in this way,
The upper edge of the chute 17 is positioned at the mouth edge of the outlet 3 of the conveyor case 1, one end of the support arms 4, 4 is fixed to the side surface of the conveyor case 1, and the other end is attached to the machine frame 8 that constitutes the cutter 5 . For example, it may be fixed to the lower end surface of the. When using the cutting device installed in this way, the motor 19 is driven, torque is transmitted to one of the cutter shafts 9 linked to the drive shaft 21 to rotate this, and the cutter shaft 9 fixed to the end of the shaft is rotated. Torque is transmitted through the gear 15 to the other gear 16 that meshes with the gear 15, and this gear 16
A cutter shaft 10 having a fixedly attached cutter shaft 10 is rotated at the same speed in the opposite direction to the shaft 9. As these cutter shafts 9 and 10 rotate, a large number of cutters 12 attached to them rotate in opposite directions and wait for the cutting chips to be carried in. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 13, the spacer 29 rotates together with the cutter 12'. Next, when the machine tool is driven and cutting work is started, the chips discharged from the machine are conveyed to the scrap conveyor 2, and are carried out from the outlet 3 provided at the output end side of the scrap conveyor 2, and are carried out from the cutting machine 5. fall on top. The cutters 12, 12 of the cutter 5 are rotating as described above, and when chips fall onto the circumferential surface of the cutter 12,
They are sorted by the large-diameter conical surface of each circumferential surface, move toward the small-diameter conical surface, and stay in the valley between the conical surface and the large-diameter end surface. These accumulated chips are immediately captured by the capture groove 14 opened on the large-diameter end face of the cutter 12, and move in the direction of the valley between the opposed cutters 12, 12 without sliding on the circumferential surface of the cutter 12. In this case, when each cutter 12 shown in FIG. 7a, b, and c is used, the chips are also captured by the many protrusions 28 formed on the conical surface, and the capturing function is enhanced. Therefore, the chips are reliably conveyed in the direction of the valley between the cutters 12, 12. The cutter 12 is further rotated and the catching groove 1 is
4 approaches the opposite cutter 12 side, the conical surface of the opposite cutter 12 approaches the conical surface around the trapping groove 14, and begins to press the chips captured in the trapping groove 14, and some of them break and separate. This kind of action of the cutter 12 is caused by the cutter 12,1
As the space between the two conical surfaces becomes narrower as the cutter 2 is subsequently rotated, it is gradually strengthened and strengthened, and the chips around the capture groove 14 are compressed, and at the same time, the cutter 12 is rotated in the same direction. Under the influence of tensile force in the direction, the fragmentation of the chips progresses while the breakage and breaking action act in a complex manner. In this case, in addition to the above-mentioned effect, each cutter 12 shown in FIG. This allows the powder to be divided. On the other hand, before and after the above-mentioned action, cutter 1
2, the opening of the trapping groove 14 gradually moves downward, and midway through the transition process, it begins to communicate with the lower chip storage box 23, and some of the separated chips are removed. to fall. When the cutter 12 rotates further and the axis of the opening reaches the horizontal position,
The communication state is maximized, causing all the divided chips to fall and drawing the chips around the capture groove 14 downward. In this case, cutter 12,
Most of the chips drawn between the cutters 12 are still located on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter 12, and the exposed portion is again pressed against the conical surface of the cutter 12 on the opposite side.
Since its movement is prevented, it becomes tense with the leading end on the retraction side, and is broken by the opening edge of the groove 14. In this case, the entire amount of chips drawn into the trapping groove 14 is broken, so the throughput is large and a large amount can be cut at once, and the length of the breakage is approximately the same as the opening of the trapping groove 14. Since it is possible to align the length of the edge in the axial direction, finer division is promoted. As described above, in this embodiment, the chips are pressed, pulled, and then broken to be divided. On the other hand, in the second and third embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 to 13, the trapping and cutting methods for chips are common, and the trapping is performed by the trapping groove 14, and the chips are collected by the cutter during cutting. When the chips are transported between the valleys of the cutters 12' and 12', the opposing cutters 12' intervene to tension the chips along the circumferential shape of the cutters 12', and the chips are broken by the intervening cutters 12'. A detailed explanation thereof can be found in Utility Model Application No. 59-22033 and No. 59-22033, which the applicant has already proposed.
No. 133480 and No. 59-133481 are substantially the same. Next, the characteristic effects of each of these embodiments will be explained. First, in the case of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the primary cutter 30 is installed directly above the spacer 29. The chips introduced into the cutter 5 are not accommodated in the circumferential surface of the spacer 29, and the entire amount is conveyed through the capture groove 14 toward the valley between the cutters 12', 12'. The chips conveyed to the valley are transferred to the cutter 1.
2' Primary cutter 3 placed close to the circumferential surface
It is scooped up and handled by the cutting edge portion 32 of the blade 0, and is tensed and broken. The chips after the breakage pass through the gap between the lower surface of the cutting edge portion 32 and the circumferential surface of the cutter 12' and are conveyed to the gap 38 side, where they are further transferred to the cutter 1.
After being finely broken by 2', the chip storage box 23
be accommodated in. In this way, in this second embodiment, the cutter 12'
Prior to cutting, the chips are analyzed in advance by the primary cutter 30, and the chips after this analysis are cut by the cutter 12', so the chips are divided twice, and the chips are separated twice. This makes it possible to achieve miniaturization, high accuracy, and high precision.
In addition, since the chips conveyed to the gap 38 have already been divided and have a small bulk, they do not accumulate in the small space between the spacer 29 and the circumferential surface of the cutter 12' facing the opposite end, thereby blocking this space. There is no
Moreover, this kind of chip clogging may cause spacer 2
Strong braking is applied to the circumferential surfaces of the spacer 29 and the cutter 12', thereby preventing the spacer 29 and the cutter 12' from rotating or causing a loss of their power, thereby preventing their intended functions from being impaired. On the other hand, in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the cutter 12' and the spacer 29 face each other.
A secondary cutter 41 having approximately the same thickness as the cutter 12' and therefore the same width as the spacer 29 is located on the lower peripheral surface of the secondary cutter 41 , and its upper edge 39 and lower edge 40 are located on each of the lower peripheral surfaces. are placed close together. Therefore, the opposing cutters 12'
Since the lower part of the gap 38 between the cutters 12' and the spacer 29 is almost closed, the cutters 12', 1
The chips separated by 2' fall through the gap 38 and reach the guide surface 41 of the secondary cutter 41.
It is accommodated in a. Then, the chips accommodated in the guide surface 41a slide down along the slope of the guide surface 41a and are conveyed to the lower edge 40 side. The lower edge 40 is connected to the cutter 12' as described above.
When chips are conveyed to this tip, the chips are separated from the peripheral surface of the cutter 12 by the peripheral surface of the cutter 12' or the opening edge of the capture groove 14. 40, at which time it is divided by the tip of the lower edge 40 and further refined. Furthermore, since the upper edge 39 is arranged close to the lower circumferential surface of the spacer 29 as described above, it has the effect of peeling off chips adhering to the circumferential surface of the spacer 29 and feeding them toward the lower edge 40. This ensures that the chips are re-divided. In this third embodiment, the cutters 12',
Since the chips that have already been cut by the cutter 12' are cut again by the secondary cutter 41 , it is possible to finely divide the chips and perform the cutting with high precision and accuracy. . Moreover, since the secondary cutter 41 reliably breaks up all of the chips that have passed through the gap 38, in addition to the chips that have already been cut by the cutters 12', 12', the chips that have passed through the gap 38 are cut into pieces that have not been processed. Chips that have passed through can also be separated.
High reliability of this type of division can be ensured. (Effects of the Invention) As described above, the cutting device of the present invention is a cutting device in which a plurality of cutters are attached to a pair of rotatable cutter shafts installed in parallel, and these cutters are arranged in mesh with each other alternately. The cutter is formed into a substantially truncated conical shape, and a plurality of capture grooves are opened at the periphery of the large-diameter end along the axial direction, so that the pieces to be processed, such as chips captured by the capture grooves, are transferred to the meshing part of the cutter. This has the effect of being able to efficiently press, break, and separate the pieces by transporting them to a container.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an external view showing an example of the usage state of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the main parts of the invention, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main parts of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a front view showing how the cutter used in the present invention is installed, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the cutter used in the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG.
7a, b, and c are front views showing other embodiments of the cutter used in the present invention, FIG. 8 is a plan view showing main parts of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the main parts of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a bottom view showing the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is the same as FIG. 11. 13 is a side view showing the main parts of FIG. 12, and FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the main parts of FIG. 9, 10... cutter shaft, 12, 12'
... Cutter, 14 ... Capture groove, 28 ... Projection,
30...Primary cutter, 32...Blade tip, 40...Edge, 41 ...Secondary cutter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a cutting device in which a plurality of cutters are attached to a pair of rotatable cutter shafts installed in parallel, and these cutters are arranged in alternating engagement, the cutters are formed into a substantially truncated conical shape, and the cutters are formed in a substantially truncated conical shape, and A cutting device characterized in that a plurality of capture grooves are opened in the periphery of a large-diameter side end.