JPH0217434B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention is applicable to waterproofing devices in water storage structures such as underground water storage tanks or thermal storage tanks of buildings, domestic water storage tanks, swimming pools, etc., particularly on the inner surface of the structure frame. This invention relates to improvements in waterproofing devices for water storage structures that are waterproofed by stretching waterproof sheets.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, waterproof sheets are installed in water storage structures using sheet waterproofing using a method generally called an insulation method. In other words, a waterproof sheet made of a soft vinyl chloride sheet, etc., is bonded and fixed at its entire periphery and only the minimum necessary part in the middle, respectively, to the surface of the concrete frame or other structure to be waterproofed. The majority of these structures are constructed using methods that leave them separated from the structure. When using this construction method, the work of installing the waterproof sheet can be carried out extremely easily and quickly without being affected by the surface condition of the structure frame to be waterproofed, and it is also possible to perform the work of installing the waterproof sheet extremely easily and quickly without being affected by the surface condition of the structure's structure. It has excellent advantages such as not having any harmful effect on the tarpaulin sheet.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the sheet waterproof water storage structure using the above insulation construction method has the following problems in terms of maintenance after construction.

In other words, the waterproof sheet may be damaged for some reason, such as lacerations, or the seals at the mounting parts such as ramps or pillars that are installed through the sheet, or around the edges of water supply and drainage ports may become incomplete, resulting in water leakage. In the case of underground water storage tanks, when cracks that often occur in the concrete structure frame cause groundwater to penetrate through the frame and intrude, the leaked water or infiltrated water will leak into the back of the free waterproof sheet. It is said that it is dispersed over a wide area on the side, and therefore not only accelerates staining and aging of the tarpaulin sheet over a wide area, but also causes parts of it to bulge inward (so-called blistering) and peel off. have a negative impact. Therefore, when such damage occurs, it is necessary to repair the damaged area, but as mentioned above, leaked water spreads over a wide area between the waterproof sheet and the structure frame, causing damage. Since bulging, peeling, staining, and other conditions occur even at locations far away from the site, it is actually not easy to find the damaged location. As a result, it becomes necessary to drain all the water from the water tank and search for the damaged area from a wide area, or in the end, it becomes extremely difficult to find the damaged area, so it is necessary to completely replace the entire tarpaulin sheet. It was possible that repairs would have to be made.

This invention aims to solve the above problems.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, while enjoying the advantages of employing the above-mentioned insulation method, prevents the occurrence of water leakage due to intrusion of underground water or partial damage to the waterproof sheet. The area affected by the damage is localized, and the damaged area can be found accurately and easily, and the repair can be easily performed only on that area. It is.

That is, the gist of the present invention is that in a water storage structure in which a waterproof sheet is stretched directly or indirectly through a heat insulating layer or the like on the inner surface of the structure, at least a part of the surface on which the waterproof sheet is stretched is The area occupying the area is divided into a watertight section surrounded by a watertight joint that watertightly joins the waterproof sheet and the body surface, and the watertight joint includes a sealant and a sealant. It is characterized by having a joint plate in the form of a band or an angle, etc., which is fixed to the frame surface with a fixing metal fitting through the joint plate, and a waterproof sheet is watertightly adhered or fused on the surface of the joint plate. This is a waterproofing device for water storage structures.

The above-mentioned watertight sections may be formed in multiple sections over the entire waterproof surface, but in general, in underground water storage tanks, etc., it is mainly the vertical peripheral walls that are concerned about the negative effects of water leakage and intrusion. Generally, it is sufficient to divide only the peripheral wall into a plurality of watertight sections. Additionally, water leakage from the inside of a water storage structure tends to occur at the corners of the structure, in other words, at the entrances, around openings such as water supply and drainage ports, or at the attachment points of attached structures such as ramps. In view of this, a watertight section may be provided to cover only such areas where water leakage is likely to occur.

In addition, in the application of this invention, since the waterproof sheet is only partially bonded and fixed to the structure frame only at the water-tight joint, most of the remaining part is still separated from the structure frame surface. Therefore, the advantages of the insulation method described above are not lost.

Example The present invention will be explained below based on examples.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an underground water storage tank, in which a soft vinyl chloride sheet, a non-vulcanized A waterproof sheet 2 made of a rubber sheet or the like is stretched. Therefore, the ceiling surface is not covered with a waterproof sheet, and the frame surface is exposed.

The entire periphery of the waterproof sheet 2 is water-tightly fixed to the frame 1 by the upper peripheral water-tight joint 3' at the boundary between the side wall and the ceiling, that is, at the outer edge, but also at the boundary between the side wall and the bottom surface. Watertight connection is achieved by the bottom watertight joint 3'', and the side wall portion is watertightly connected to the body surface by the intermediate watertight joint 3 arranged in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern between the two joints 3' and 3''. The joint is fixed. Therefore, the portion of the waterproof sheet 2 that covers the side wall is connected to each of the joints 3, 3',
For each area range of a predetermined area surrounded by 3″,
It is divided into a large number of watertight sections A, A, . . . in a checkerboard pattern that are watertightly partitioned from one side of the frame. The reason why only the side wall part is divided into watertight sections of small compartments is because the side wall part is equipped with many attachments that penetrate the waterproof sheet, such as water supply and drainage ports 4, and this part is the part that is most susceptible to water leakage. This corresponds to the fact that this is the part where water is most likely to occur, and that water infiltration from the outside of the frame is most likely to occur in the side wall part.

The configurations of the watertight joints 3, 3', 3'' are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In these figures, 5,
Reference numeral 5' denotes a joint plate formed into a band shape or an angle shape depending on the place of application, and both of them are fixed to required locations on the inner surface of the frame 1 with appropriate fixing fittings 7 via a sealing material 6. Corresponding parts of the waterproof sheet 2 are integrally joined on the surfaces of the joining plates 5 and 5' in a watertight manner.

The joining plates 5, 5' are made of an appropriate material that can achieve good water-tight integration with the material of the waterproof sheet 2, such as a hard synthetic resin plate or metal. Although a plate may be used, it is most preferable to use a metal plate such as a so-called PVC steel plate, which has a resin coating layer 5b such as a vinyl resin on both or one side of a metal core plate 5a, as shown in FIG. A resin laminate is used.
For the fixing fittings 7 of the joint plates 5, 5', an appropriate fixing device is adopted depending on the relationship with the water storage structure frame 1. For example, when the frame is made of concrete, anchor bolts are generally used. , split leg nails, etc. are used, and in cases where the frame is made of metal such as iron plates, welded stud pins, etc. are used.

The sealing material 6 is applied to one side of the frame and the joint plates 5, 5'.
It provides a watertight seal between the two and can be of either regular or irregular shape. Most preferably, it is recommended to use a known water-absorbing and swelling resin (including rubber) as the sealant 6, that is, a resin that has the property of expanding several to tens of times when it absorbs water. Ru. That is, by using the sealing material 6 made of water-swellable resin, when the sealing material 6 comes into contact with water due to water leakage, etc., it expands greatly and completely seals the space between it and the surface of the building structure. Watertight sections A and A with even better watertightness can be formed. The above-mentioned water-absorbing and swelling resin is of course water-insoluble,
For example, polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked products such as vinyl alcohol/acrylic acid copolymer, sodium polyacrylate cross-linked products, polyethylene oxide cross-linked products, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc., which have the property of swelling several to tens of times upon water absorption, are known. It is something. This water-absorbing and swelling resin may be used as an amorphous object itself or as a fixed object formed into a sheet or the like, or it may be contained in a resin foam such as polyurethane or polyethylene. may be used as contained in a stretchable elastomer. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sealant 6 seals the joint between the joining plates 5 and 5', so the joint sealant 6' is also filled in the joint. Ru. It is preferable to use the same water-absorbing and swelling resin as the joint sealant 6', but in this case, when the sealant 6' expands due to water absorption, this causes the waterproof sheet 2 to expand. There is a risk that it will be pushed up and bulge inward as shown by the chain line in Figure 3, causing it to separate from the joint plate.To prevent this, a waterproof sheet is installed as shown in Figures 2 and 3. It is desirable that a pressing plate 8 made of a hard plate similar to the joining plate 5 be attached to the inner surface of the joint plate 2. 9 is a sealing material applied to the periphery of the holding plate 8.

The joining of the waterproof sheet 2 to the joining plates 5 and 5' is as follows:
Preferably, welding is performed using a solvent-based adhesive. Of course, other methods such as fusion bonding or simple bonding may also be used.

In the water tank configured as described above, if a part of the waterproof sheet 2 covering the peripheral wall of the main body 1 is damaged or the seal at the attached part of the water supply/drainage port 4 becomes incomplete and water leaks, Only within the divided area of watertight section A to which the leakage point belongs,
Leakage water simply enters between the waterproof sheet 2 and the frame 1. Therefore, the negative effects caused by water leakage do not extend over a wide area of the surrounding wall of the building frame, and the location of damage etc. can be easily found in a narrow area within the watertight compartment area, and repair is also easy and easy. It can be done accurately. The same applies to the case where groundwater intrudes from the frame 1 side.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show watertight joints 13 and 13' when the present invention is applied to a heat storage water tank. In this case, the heat storage water tank has a heat insulating material layer 1 on the inner surface of the structure body 1 made of concrete or the like.
2 is provided, and if necessary, a plasticizer migration prevention layer (not shown) made of a polyethylene or polypropylene film or foam sheet, or a laminated composite of a woven fabric thereof and a foam material is provided on the inner surface thereof. It is assumed that a waterproof sheet 2 has been laid down. Therefore, the watertight joints 13, 13' in such a case
The joint plates 15, 15' have frame fixing parts 15a, 15'a at one end, waterproof sheet joint parts 15b, 15'b at the other end, and a heat insulating material layer 12 at the intermediate part thereof. The cross section has a substantially square shape or L shape with blocking parts 15c and 15'c that cross the
Those formed in the shape of letters are used. The frame fixing parts 15a, 15'a are stacked on one side of the frame via the sealing material 6 and fixed with the fixing fittings 7, and the waterproof sheet joint part 15'
The waterproof sheet 2 is integrally bonded to b and 15b in a watertight manner. and a joint plate 15,
At the butt-shaped joints in the longitudinal direction of the tank 15', in order to prevent water from leaking from the joints, a sealant for the joints is filled in the same way as described above, and a water-stop sheet piece 16 is also filled on the inner surface of the tank.
are glued together. Therefore,
The portion surrounded by the watertight joints 13, 13' constitutes a watertight section of a predetermined area that encloses the heat insulating layer 12.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the water storage structure according to the present invention has a water storage structure in which a waterproof sheet is stretched directly or indirectly through a heat insulating layer or the like on the inner surface of the structure. Because the area that occupies a certain area is divided into watertight sections surrounded by watertight joints that form a watertight joint between the tarpaulin sheet and the structure surface, a portion of the tarpaulin sheet may be damaged. If water leaks to the back side of the waterproof sheet due to a seal failure at the attachment part of an attached member on the inner wall of the tank, or conversely, if groundwater intrudes from outside due to cracks in the structure frame, etc. In either case, the water simply enters between the frame and the waterproof sheet and accumulates within a limited area within the watertight section where the defective part that caused the water leakage belongs. Therefore, the occurrence of the defect and its location can be detected early and reliably due to the occurrence of an inward bulge phenomenon of the waterproof sheet in the section, and the repair can be carried out appropriately and in the form of a partial repair. This can be done easily.
This eliminates the disadvantages of conventional methods, where it is difficult to detect defective parts and the damage is delayed, resulting in extensive staining, deterioration, and peeling of the tarpaulin sheet, which necessitates complete repair. , which is very advantageous in terms of maintenance.

Furthermore, the watertight joint has a sealing material and a band-shaped or angle-shaped joint plate fixed to the building frame surface with a fixing metal fitting through the sealing material, and a waterproof sheet is placed on the surface of the joint plate. Since the water storage structure is made of a concrete frame and the inner surface of the frame inevitably has unevenness or fine irregularities, Even in such cases, the sealing material can maintain a good watertight condition between the inner surface of the structure and the joint plate, and the above-mentioned section waterproofing effect can be reliably achieved, and the above-mentioned insulation method can also be used. While enjoying these advantages, the installation of the waterproof sheet can be done relatively easily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a water tank with a part of the waterproof sheet cut away, and FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away cross-sectional perspective view taken along the line of FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view along the line of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the joint plate, Figures 5 and 6 are
Each figure is a sectional view showing the structure of a watertight joint in a heat storage water tank. 1...Structure frame, A...Watertight section, 2
...Waterproof sheet, 3, 3', 3'', 13, 13'...
...Water tight joint, 5, 5', 15, 15'...Joining plate, 6, 6'...Sealing material, 7...Fixing metal fittings,
8...Press plate, 12...Insulating material layer, 15a, 1
5'a...Structure mounting portion, 15b, 15'b...Waterproof sheet joint portion, 15c, 15'c...Blocking portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a water storage structure in which a waterproof sheet is stretched directly or indirectly through a heat insulating layer, etc. on the inner surface of the structure,
A region occupying a predetermined area of at least a part of the waterproof sheet covering surface is divided into watertight sections surrounded by watertight joints that watertightly join the waterproof sheet and the main body surface, and the watertight joints The section has a sealant and a band-shaped or angular joint plate fixed to the building frame surface with a fixing metal fitting through the sealant, and a waterproof sheet is watertightly adhered or fused onto the surface of the joint plate. 1. A waterproofing device for a water storage structure, characterized in that the waterproofing device has a structure in which a water storage structure is covered with water. 2. The waterproofing device for a water storage structure according to claim 1, wherein the entire surface on which the waterproof sheet is stretched is divided into a plurality of watertight sections. 3. A waterproofing device for a water storage structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sealing material is made of a water-absorbing and swelling resin. 4. A water storage structure in which a waterproof sheet is stretched on the inner surface of the skeleton via a heat insulating material layer, in which the joint plate forming the watertight joint has one end serving as the skeleton fixing part and the other end serving as the waterproof sheet joint. 2. A waterproofing device for a water storage structure according to claim 1, wherein the waterproofing device has a blocking portion that crosses the heat insulating material layer in the thickness direction at an intermediate portion therebetween.