JPH02177B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] Industrial Field of Use The present invention is applicable to wastes used in nuclear power plants and which may be contaminated with radioactivity, wastes discharged from households, factories, etc. For example, flammable materials such as paper towels, rags, work gloves, plywood, hemp rope, etc.
Non-combustible materials such as electric wires, aluminum boxes, and concrete blocks; miscellaneous solid waste such as plastic sheets, ropes, and rubber hoses, gloves, and boots; This relates to an apparatus for extrusion molding a pre-pulverized and mixed thermoplastic such as vinyl chloride (vinyl chloride).

Conventional technology Conventionally, as an extrusion molding device for this type of miscellaneous solid waste, there is a device for compressing miscellaneous solid waste such as cut and crushed combustible and non-combustible materials including thermoplastic plastics such as PE and PVC. It consists of a main body case and an extrusion screw that constitute a compression chamber, a cutter that further crushes and stirs the waste compressed by the extrusion screw, and a die that shapes the waste press-fitted by the extrusion screw into a rod shape. My clothes are warm.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional extrusion molding apparatus described above, not only is the compressing action of the waste by the extrusion screw insufficient, and a separate heating device is required, but also the tip of the screw is not supported by a bearing. There was a risk that the screw would swing and come into contact with the inner wall of the main body case, causing damage.

The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to have a large heat generation effect, to be able to melt effectively without the need for a special heating device, and to The object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion molding device for miscellaneous solid waste that is compact and free from damage.

[Structure of the Invention] Means for Solving the Problems The extrusion molding apparatus for miscellaneous solid waste of the present invention
A main body case and an extrusion screw constituting a compression chamber for compressing miscellaneous solid waste such as cut and crushed combustible and non-combustible materials including thermoplastics such as PVC, and the waste compressed by the extrusion screw. In an apparatus consisting of a cutter that further crushes and stirs the waste material, and a die that forms the waste material press-fitted by the extrusion screw into a rod shape; The center part of the die is used as a bearing for the tip of the extrusion screw; The pitch of the extrusion screw is gradually reduced toward the discharge side, and the gap between the inner wall surface of the main body case and the screw shaft is adjusted to the discharge side. It is characterized by being gradually narrowed towards .

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an extrusion molding machine, which mainly consists of a main body case 2, an extrusion screw 3, and a cutter 4.
It consists of 5 dice.

On the inner wall surface of the main body case 2 surrounding the extrusion screw 3, several protruding strips 2a having a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2 are cut in the longitudinal direction.
The extrusion screw 3 has a large pitch on the right supply side, and the pitch gradually decreases toward the left discharge side, and the outer diameter of the screw shaft 3a gradually increases toward the left discharge side. It's summery. Therefore, the volume of the compression chamber 2b formed by the main body case 2 and the extrusion screw 3 is configured to gradually decrease toward the left discharge side, so that the material is compressed. ing. Incidentally, instead of gradually increasing the thickness of the screw shaft 3a, the volume of the compression chamber 2b can also be reduced by gradually decreasing the inner diameter of the main body case 2.

The cutter 4 is provided to protrude outward at the outer periphery of the left end of the screw shaft 3a near the die 5.

The die 5 is attached to the tip of the main body case 2 with a tightening nut 6, and its center serves as a bearing for the screw shaft 3a.

As is clear from FIG. 3A, the die 5 has a large number of forming holes 5a. Dice 5
The porosity of the molded hole 5a with respect to the total area of PE or
The higher the content of thermoplastic such as PVC, the higher the content, but 10 to 20% is appropriate. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 3B, the molded hole 5a
may be arranged in appropriate combinations of different sizes. In this case, the molded hole 5 with a small diameter
If the length is made shorter as the hole 5a has a larger diameter, and the length is longer as the hole 5a has a larger diameter, substantially uniform compressive force and frictional force can be obtained. Further, the molded hole 5a may be formed into a gentle taper shape so that the diameter on the inlet side is large and the diameter on the exit side is small.

In FIG. 1, 7 is a thrust roller bearing, and 8 is a coupling with the output shaft of the motor.

Next, an extrusion molding method using the apparatus of the above embodiment will be explained.

First, at the start of operation, the extrusion molding machine 1 is heated to a die temperature of approximately 100 to 130°C by an appropriate external heating means (not shown), but during normal operation, this external heating means is stopped. ing.

The materials supplied to the extrusion molding machine 1 include waste used in nuclear power plants that may be contaminated with radioactivity, and waste discharged from households, factories, etc., such as paper towels, rags, handles, and plywood. , combustible materials such as hemp rope, non-combustible materials such as electric wires, aluminum foil, concrete blocks, plastic sheets, etc.
Miscellaneous solid waste such as ropes, rubber hoses, gloves, boots, etc., including at least thermoplastics such as PE (polyethylene) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), must be cut and crushed using a cutter as appropriate. and mixed by a mixing device as necessary. In addition, if all or most of the thermoplastic plastics are mixed in the material, the above mixing is not necessary.

The raw material supplied to the extrusion molding machine 1 is sent toward the die 5 while being compressed by the extrusion screw 3. At this time, the material generates heat due to the frictional force between the compression chamber 2b and the extrusion screw 3 and the shearing force between the protruding strip 2a and the extrusion screw 3, causing PE and PVC in the material to heat up. Begins to soften or melt.

The material sent to the tip of the extrusion screw 3 is
It is further shredded by the cutter 4 through the cutting and stirring action, and the molding hole 5 of the die 5 is further shredded while increasing the temperature.
It is pumped into a.

In the molding hole 5a, the compressed material generates friction with the inner wall surface of the molding hole 5a, and the temperature of the material near the wall surface further increases due to the frictional heat. Therefore, PE mixed especially in the outer periphery of the material being formed into a rod shape by the forming hole 5a.
or PVC melts due to the above frictional heat,
Demonstrates reliable caking effect.

In this way, PE mixed especially near the outer periphery and
The molded product 10, which is formed into a rod shape with a plastic adhesive coating layer 9 formed by melting PVC etc. as shown in FIG. The above PE is naturally cooled by contact with the outside air and melted on its outer periphery.
The PVC shrinks and hardens to strongly cover the molded product 10 and become a highly dense and stable rod-shaped molded product 10, which can be made into pellets if necessary. As shown in FIG. 3B, if forming holes 5a of different diameters are made in one die 5, pellets of different thicknesses can be obtained at the same time while keeping the mixing ratio constant. .

[Effects of the invention] (1) Since a plurality of protruding strips are formed in the longitudinal direction on the inner wall surface of the main body case surrounding the extrusion screw, the waste is sheared between the protrusion strips and the extrusion screw, and the resulting , the waste can be further shredded to make it easier to compress and to promote heat generation.

(2) Since the center of the die serves as a bearing for the tip of the extrusion screw, there is no fear that the axis of the extrusion screw will swing, and as a result, the gap between the extrusion screw and the protruding strip can be kept constant. Therefore, even if the gap between the extruded screw and the protruding strip is made very narrow to enhance the shearing effect, there is no fear that the screw or the protruding strip will come into contact with each other and be damaged.

(3) The pitch of the extrusion screw is gradually reduced toward the discharge side, and the gap between the inner wall surface of the main body case and the screw shaft is gradually narrowed toward the discharge side, thereby increasing the volume of the compression chamber toward the discharge side. The progressively smaller design allows the waste to be rapidly compressed in a very short stroke, which not only promotes the exothermic action but also allows for a compact design of the device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the extrusion molding machine, and Figure 2 is the extrusion molding machine.
3A and 3B are front views of the die, and FIG. 4 is a cutaway external view showing a rod-shaped molded product. 1... Extrusion molding machine, 2... Main body case, 2a...
...Protruding strip, 2b...Compression chamber, 3...Extrusion screw, 3a...Screw shaft, 4...Cutter, 5
...Dice, 5a... Molding hole, 6... Tightening nut, 7... Thrust roller bearing, 8... Coupling, 9... Caking coating layer, 10... Molding.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A main body case and an extrusion screw constituting a compression chamber for compressing miscellaneous solid waste such as cut and crushed combustible and non-combustible materials including thermoplastics such as PE and PVC; In an apparatus consisting of a cutter that further crushes and stirs the waste compressed by the extrusion screw, and a die that forms the waste press-fitted by the extrusion screw into a rod shape; Inside the main body case surrounding the extrusion screw A plurality of protruding strips are formed on the wall surface in the longitudinal direction; The center of the die is used as a bearing for the tip of the extrusion screw; The pitch of the extrusion screw is gradually reduced toward the discharge side, and the inner wall surface of the main body case is An extrusion molding device for miscellaneous solid waste, characterized in that the gap between the screw shaft and the screw shaft is gradually narrowed toward the discharge side.