JPH021799B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to anti-caking fertilizer compositions. Conventionally, nitrogen fertilizers, phosphoric acid fertilizers,
Single or compound fertilizers such as potassium fertilizers are known. These fertilizers are distributed on the market in powdered or granular forms that are easy to measure or use. However, the manufacturing process of these fertilizers,
Particularly in the product transfer process, granulation process, product storage process, etc., there is a tendency for the product to lose its free-flowing properties and solidify. There are several reasons for this tendency to clump, and two of them are that, especially in the case of granular compound fertilizers, a small amount of moisture acts between the particles, which causes them to clump inside a packaging bag that is blocked from outside air. However, as the external temperature rises and falls, the solubility of interparticle salts changes,
As a result of surface dissolution and recrystallization and solidification, fluidity is lost. Other causes include chemical changes, such as:
This is due to a chemical reaction in which gypsum in superphosphate lime reacts with ammonium sulfate to form a double salt. Methods to prevent caking include reducing the moisture content in the fertilizer ingredients as much as possible, packing at the lowest temperature possible during bagging, and, for example, in the case of granular fertilizers, shaping the particles into particles that are as close to perfect spheres as possible. An example of this is sizing to the same particle size. Also known are methods of preventing fertilizer from caking using surfactants, diatomaceous earth, talc, kaolin, slag, and the like. The present inventor investigated a method or an additive that can easily prevent caking of fertilizer within the conventional fertilizer manufacturing process, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is based on a fertilizer composition that is prevented from caking and is made by adding the following waste clay to the fertilizer ingredients. Waste white clay: waste white clay obtained by heat-treating activated clay whose decolorizing ability has decreased after being used for decolorizing vegetable oils and fats Examples of activated clays used for decolorizing vegetable oils include montmorillonite and hallosite. . The waste clay used in the present invention is gray-white waste clay obtained by indirectly heating activated carbon, which has been used to decolorize vegetable oils and whose decolorizing ability has decreased, to a temperature of 100 to 400°C. Examples include smooth powders that are black or black in color. The heating time is approximately 30 to 90 minutes, as long as the waste clay becomes sufficiently fluid. The amount of waste white soil added is 1 to 10 per fertilizer component.
It is about 3% to 5% by weight, preferably about 3% to 5% by weight. This amount is not particularly specified and depends on the fertilizer in question and the form of the fertilizer, such as powdered,
It changes depending on the grain shape, etc., and the more the amount added, the more effective it will be, but if it is less, no effect can be expected. The waste clay may be added at any step during the fertilizer manufacturing process, but it is desirable to add it during the powder mixing step, granulation step, etc., and mix thoroughly. The fertilizer composition to which waste clay is added according to the present invention has sufficient fluidity and does not solidify for a long period of time. In addition, composite fertilizers made from waste white clay added during the manufacturing process, such as organic fertilizers such as fish meal, and aldehyde-processed urea, are heated during the wet process during the granulation process, drying process, etc. However, it has been found that the addition of the waste white clay of the present invention has the effect of significantly preventing the occurrence of such a bad odor. The present invention will be explained below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 (a) Granulation operation After pulverizing ammonium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, and slaked lime with an M-2 type Nara type pulverizer until it passes through the 1 mm screen, the powder was granulated with an inner diameter of 30 cm and a height of 30 cm. 8cm
While rotating the granulator at a rotation speed of 35 rpm, 70% by weight dilute sulfuric acid was further sprayed, and after 5 minutes, aqueous ammonia (containing 10% by weight as NH ₃ ) was added. 200 g was added by spraying and rotation continued for 30 minutes. The obtained granules were dried at 75° C. for 10 hours using a Perfect Oven Hot Air Dryer manufactured by Tabai Co., Ltd., and sieved to produce particles having a size ranging from 5 to 12 meshes. Next, the obtained dried product was charged again into the above-mentioned Rossier granulator,
While rotating in the same manner, diatomaceous earth, gypsum, or the waste white clay of the present invention was added in the amount shown in Table 1, and the mixture was further rotated for 10 minutes.

[Table] (b) Forced consolidation test 75g of the granular fertilizer obtained in (a) above was
A cylindrical test piece was created by placing it in a cylinder and applying a load of 20 kg from above. However, in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the load was 15°C.
In Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, the test was carried out at 45° C. for 2 days. A forced consolidation test was conducted on the test piece obtained above by measuring the uniaxial compression strength (crushing strength, dial gauge scale Kg/cm ² ) using an electric uniaxial compression testing device manufactured by Maruto Seisakusho. . The forced consolidation test by uniaxial compression shown in Table 2 is the average value of 5 repeated tests.

[Table] Note: It was not possible to create a test piece because it did not solidify.
As is clear from Table 2 above, the granules obtained in Example 1 were in a free flowing state, making it impossible to prepare test pieces for the consolidation test. Furthermore, the unconfined compressive strength of Example 2 was also significantly lower than that of the comparative example and the control. That is, it is clear that the granular composite fertilizer according to the present invention does not cause caking, or even if it does caking, it easily disintegrates and regains its original fluidity. Examples 3 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 Granular composite fertilizers containing ammonium nitrate were produced using raw materials having the compositions shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in the granulation procedure of Example 1. However, in this example, water granulation was used, and the amount of water used was about 10% of the raw materials. Next, the forced consolidation test of Example 1(b) was conducted and the results (repeated 5 times) are shown in Table 2. Table 3 also shows the results of granulation operations in which the amount of waste clay added was varied. All of the samples to which waste clay was added had low crushing strength, indicating that the effects of the present invention are significant.

[Table] Note 2: Examples 9 to 10 obtained in the same manner as Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6 Regarding the fluidity of the powdered composite fertilizer (Table 4) to which waste white clay was added according to the present invention I conducted a test. (c) Preparation of sample The raw materials shown in Table 4 were blended and ground using the Nara type grinder used in Example 1 until the material passed through a 1 mm screen.

[Table] Note 1: Obtained in the same manner as Example 1
(d) Flow test The bottom diameter is 120mm and the top diameter is 15mm.
, the angle formed by the bottom and sides is 60°,
Pour 750 ml of the powdered fertilizer obtained in (c) above (Example 9 and Comparative Example 5) into a container with an open top, turn the container upside down, and measure the angle of repose of the fertilizer falling from the container. The outflow time was measured. 5th result
Shown in the table. The fertilizer obtained in Example 9 had a small angle of repose, a fast runoff time, and sufficient fluidity.

[Table] Reference Example 1 The following experiment was conducted to demonstrate that the fertilizer to which waste white clay was added according to the present invention has the effect of preventing the generation of bad odors during its manufacturing process. 200g of each of the undried granulated fertilizers obtained in Examples 9-10 and Comparative Examples 5-6 was placed in a glass beaker, covered with a polyethylene film, and heated at 100°C.
The polyethylene film was kept in a dryer for 1 hour, and a small hole (about 5 mm in diameter) was made in the polyethylene film to conduct an odor test for odor. The panel consisted of five laboratory researchers, and the following criteria were used. The results are shown in Table 6. 6th
The results shown in the table are the average of the scores obtained by five panel members.

【table】 Scoring table 0 points: odorless 1 point: slight 2 points: Somewhat 3 points: Obviously 4 points: Strongly 5 points: Unbearable.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Fertilizer composition that is prevented from caking and is made by adding the following waste white clay to the fertilizer ingredients. Waste white clay: obtained by heat treating activated white clay whose decolorizing ability has decreased after being used for decolorizing vegetable oils and fats. Waste white clay 2 In the fertilizer composition according to claim 1, the waste white clay is activated clay whose decolorizing ability has decreased after being used for the decolorization treatment of vegetable oils, and is indirectly heated at a temperature of 100 to 400°C. A fertilizer composition characterized in that it is obtained by heating.