JPH0219354B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a fluid switching valve applied to food machinery such as bottles, cans, and barrel fillers.

(Prior Art) A conventional example of the fluid switching valve will be explained with reference to FIG.
4 and 5, and a spool 6 that is slid by being fitted into the cylindrical hole 2 is provided with an annular recess 6c for forming an internal flow path that switches and communicates between the flow paths 3, 4, and 5, and has a plurality of ring grooves. 6b is fitted with O-rings 7, 8, and 9 to seal the annular recess 6c from the outside air,
A stopper 6a and a contact surface 6d are provided at the upper and lower ends,
The spool 6 is slid by a cam or the like (not shown) that is in contact with the contact surface 6d, and as shown in FIG. The structure is such that it can be switched by sliding so that only channels 3 and 4 are communicated or only channels 3 and 5 are communicated.

In addition, a gasket that forms an internal flow path is inserted into a valve body having multiple flow paths, and a spool for opening and closing the flow path inserted into the gasket slides to open and close a gasket provided in the center of the gasket. Fluid switching valves have also been developed and proposed that open and close internal flow passages by expanding and contracting outer protrusions or inner and outer protrusions. (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-11513) (Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional fluid switching valve, the fluid switching valve shown in FIG. In addition, it is necessary to fit multiple O-rings to the same spool, and as the spool slides, the O-rings get caught on the corners of the flow path and are damaged, causing hot sanitation (85
~95℃), the O-ring becomes dry and its sliding resistance increases, resulting in further damage and fatigue.In addition, as the O-ring slides against the cylindrical hole, it adheres to the outer surface of the spool and the inner surface of the cylindrical hole. Dirt, lubricant, moisture, etc. are easily sucked into the internal flow path, which poses hygienic problems, and there are problems such as reduced fluid circulation and spool slidability.

The fluid switching valve having a gasket for forming an internal flow path has a structure in which the internal flow path is opened and closed by expanding and contracting the outer protrusion through the thin-walled cylindrical main body portion of the gasket using a large diameter portion or a small diameter portion provided on the spool. The thin-walled cylindrical main body slides and expands and contracts over the entire surface of the spool, making it susceptible to damage and fatigue, and the cross-sectional area of the internal flow path changes, causing problems in operational reliability and durability. In addition, the structure in which the inner and outer protrusions are provided in the center of the packing and the inner and outer protrusions are expanded and contracted by the spool has a mechanism that creates a small hole in the cylindrical main body of the thin wall part and generates fluid pressure on the inner side. This eliminates the sliding contact of the spool to reduce damage and expansion/contraction of the cylindrical main body, but dirt, etc. enters the inside from the small hole and accumulates, causing hygiene problems and problems with the sliding properties of the spool. , due to free deformation of the cylindrical main body, fatigue, etc.
There are problems such as the outer protrusion tends to fall down and the opening/closing performance deteriorates.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a valve body having a cylindrical hole and a plurality of fluid inflow passages communicating with the cylindrical hole; A gasket is formed by sealing and defining a communication path between the respective channels on the inner wall surface side with seal lips on the outer periphery of both ends, and has an outer protrusion and an inner protrusion for opening and closing the communication passage protruding inwardly and outwardly from the center part. , a cylindrical packing holder having an inner supporting part that is fitted into the cylindrical hole and covering, supporting and fixing both side surfaces and an inner surface of the packing, and having only the inner protrusion protruding inward; and the packing holder. It is characterized by a structure that includes a spool that is inserted into the valve body and slides to expand and contract the outer protrusion together with the inner protrusion, and the sealing lip on the outer periphery of both ends is attached to the packing inserted into the valve body, as well as the inner and outer protrusions in the center. The sealing performance of the internal flow path is improved by providing protrusions that protrude, cover and support the inner surface of the seal along with both side surfaces of the seal, and supporting the inner surface with the inner support and protruding only the inner protrusion inward. Damage, fatigue, and deformation of the cylindrical main body part of the high and thin wall part, as well as
It effectively prevents the outer protrusion from collapsing, ensures the expansion and contraction of the inner and outer protrusions by the spool, ensures smooth valve opening and closing, and achieves operational reliability.

(Function) The gasket inserted into the cylindrical hole of the valve body is
The packing holder inserted into the cylindrical hole covers and supports both side surfaces and the inner side and is fixed at a predetermined position between the flow channels.The support of both side surfaces provides reliability of sealing by the seal lip, and the packing holder The cylindrical main body part of the thin walled part is tightly supported and fixed by the inner surface support part of the spool to prevent sliding and expansion/contraction caused by the spool, thereby effectively preventing damage and fatigue of the cylindrical main body part. The support of the inner surface support prevents the inwardly protruding inner protrusions and the outer protrusions from falling down, and the spool effectively operates the inner and outer protrusions only in the expansion and contraction directions, ensuring the expansion and contraction of the inner and outer protrusions. This results in smooth operation, durability, and excellent valve opening/closing operation reliability.

Furthermore, the seal and seal presser prevent dirt and the like from flowing into the internal flow path on the outside of the spool and the seal, ensuring the slidability of the spool.

(Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, in which 11 is a seal, 15 is a valve body, 17 is a spool, and 18 and 19 are seal holders,
A valve body 15 having a cylindrical hole 16 and a plurality of fluid inlet/outlet passages 13 and 14 communicating with the cylindrical hole 16
is inserted into the cylindrical hole 16 so that a communication path (b-2
1, 22) with the seal lips 11b on the outer periphery of both ends,
11b, and an outer protrusion 11c and an inner protrusion 11d for opening and closing the communication path b are formed in the central part,
The packing 11 protrudes outward, and the inner supporting parts 18b and 19 are fitted into the cylindrical hole 16 and cover, support and fix both side surfaces and the inner surface of the packing 11.
cylindrical packing holders 18 and 19 having only an inner protrusion 11d protruding inward, and an inner protrusion 11d that is inserted into the packing holders 18 and 19 to slide.
A spool 17 that expands and contracts the outer protrusion 11c.
The fluid switching valve 12 is equipped with:

The packing 11 shown in FIG. 2 is entirely molded from a flexible, elastic and restorable material such as rubber or synthetic resin, and has a flexible, stretchable cylindrical main body 11a. The cylindrical main body portion 11a has seal lips 11b, 11 protruding from the outer periphery of both ends.
b. Outer protrusion 1 protruding from the outer circumferential surface at approximately the center
1c, and an inner protrusion 11d protruding inside the outer protrusion 11c are integrally formed, and a seal circumferential surface 11'b is formed on the outer periphery of the seal lips 11b, 11b.
A seal side surface 11''b is protruded from the sides of the seal lips 11b, 11b to improve the flexibility and elasticity of the cylindrical main body 11a and the inner and outer protrusions 11.
Due to the elasticity and restorability of d and 11c, the spool 17
The outer protrusion 1 along with the inner protrusion 11d at the large diameter portion of
1c is enlarged in diameter and protruded toward the outer periphery, and is reduced in diameter and restored in the recess 17a of the spool 17.

The fluid switching valve 12 of the present invention to which the packing 11 is applied is composed of a valve body 15, the packing 11, packing holders 18, 19, a spool 17, etc., as shown in FIG. 16 is penetrated and communicated with the cylindrical hole 16. A plurality of fluid inlet/output passages 13, 14 (can be expanded) are provided on both sides, and the passages 13, 14 are arranged with a vertical difference. Insert the packing 11 into the cylindrical hole 2, and place the upper and lower packing holders 18 and 19, which have insertion holes for the spool 17, into the cylindrical hole 2 so that the passages 13 and 14 are arranged between the seal lips 11b and 11b. , insert it from the bottom and press the seal presser 18,
19 covers and supports and fixes both sides and inner surface of the packing 11, and the packing holders 18, 19
The inner surface is covered and supported by inner surface support portions 18b and 19b provided in the inner surface, and only the inner projection 11d projects inwardly, and a spool 17 having a recessed portion 17a is inserted into the packing holder 18 and 19.

The bushings 20 and 20 that guide the spool 17 are fitted to the outer ends of the bushing holders 18 and 19, and the bushings 11 are positioned to be held in the pilot holes 15a and 15a of the valve body 15, and are fitted into the valve body 15. , fixed. Boss 18 protruding outward
a, 19a and take it out from the valve body 15.

The spool 17 has a concave portion (groove) 17a that engages with the inner protrusion 11d and an enlarged portion 17b following the concave portion, and is slid to a predetermined position via a cam or the like by a drive source (not shown), so that the concave portion 17a is Protrusion 11
When d is fitted, the inner protrusion 11d and the outer protrusion 11
c shrinks in diameter due to the restoring force, opens the valve, and seals 1
An open flow path is formed on the outer circumferential side of 1 (see Figure 3),
The enlarged portion 17b of the spool 17 expands the diameter of the inner protrusion 11d and the outer protrusion 11c to close the valve and close the flow path on the outer peripheral side of the seal 11.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tip of the outer protrusion 11c of the packing 11 is formed into an R shape (or a flat surface), and as shown in FIG. In addition, the seal side surfaces 11''b are in close contact with the side surfaces of the seal pressers 18 and 19, respectively, to ensure sealing performance.

The main components of the fluid switching valve 12 are to prevent leakage, secure a cross-sectional area of an open circuit to reduce flow resistance when the valve is opened, and obtain operational reliability and durability. The following items are required for Patsukin 11.

There is no leakage from the outer corners (portions 11'b and 11''b), and the outer protrusion 11c is connected to the valve body 1.
When pressed against the cylindrical hole 16 of No. 5, there is no communication between the spaces 21 and 22 separated by the outer protrusion 11c in the communication path b due to poor sealing.

When the valve is opened, there is sufficient clearance (approximately 0.5 mm or more) between the outer protrusion 11c and the cylindrical hole 16 of the valve body 15;
In other words, ensure an open cross-sectional area.

Spool 1 for expanding the diameter of the outer protrusion 11c
7. The actuation force is small, that is, the inner protrusion 11d
is easy to expand and contract, and the diameter expansion of the inner protrusion 11d is effectively transmitted to the outer protrusion 11c.

For the structure of the fluid switching valve 12 to satisfy these requirements, the following items (A) to (G) are necessary and effective.

(A) There is an outer protrusion 11c at the outer center of the packing 11 for sealing when closing, that is, for opening and closing the communication path b, and a spool 1 at the inner center.
It has an inner protrusion 11d that expands and contracts in response to the movement of item 7.

(B) Seal peripheral surface 11' or seal side surface 1
There must be 1″b.

(C) The maximum outer diameter Go of the packing 11 in its natural state is Go=G+(0.4-1.2) mm G: Diameter of the cylindrical hole 16 mm (D) The length Ho of the packing 11 in its natural state is Ho=H+ (0.2 to 1.2) = 2Hd + (9-14) mm H: Length of the storage part of the seal 11 determined by the seal pressers 18 and 19 mm Hd: Diameter of the channels 13 and 14 mm (E) The inner diameter elongation rate ex of the seal 11 is ex=(d-do)/d×100=20~30 d: Diameter of the enlarged part of the spool 17, which is the diameter of the spool 17 that contacts the inner protrusion 11d of the seal 11 when the valve is opened mm do: Inside of the seal 11 Minimum diameter of protrusion 11d
mm (F) The effective magnification ratio η of the packing 11 is
mm (G) Thickness t of the cylindrical portion 11a is t = (Co-Bo)/2 = 1 to 3 mm Co: outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 11a mm Bo: same inner diameter mm Fluid switching valve shown in Fig. 2 Patsukin 11 for
has a structure that satisfies the above conditions, so
When the packing 11 is assembled into the fluid switching valve 12 as shown in FIG. 3, the seal lip 11b is pressed and fixed against the cylindrical hole 16 and the packing holders 18, 19, and the seal lips 11b, 11b at both ends of the cylindrical hole 16 are fixed. A communication path b is defined by the cylindrical main body portion 11a and communicates the flow paths 13 and 14. The communication path b is sealed off from the outside air.
The spool 17 opens and closes the valve internal spaces 21 and 22 of the communication path b, and seals them when closed. In the figure, the spool 17 is positioned with the inner protrusion 11d of the packing 11 engaged with the recess of the spool 17,
Inner protrusion 11d and outer protrusion 11c of packing 11
is not expanded in diameter, but the outer protrusion 11c and the cylindrical hole 1
The communication path b between 6 is kept open, and the flow paths 13 and 14 are in communication.

When the spool 17 is slid to the position shown in FIG.
The inner protrusion 11d is pushed up, the outer protrusion 11c is also enlarged in diameter and pressed against the cylindrical hole 16 of the valve body 15, and the communication passage b is closed and cut off by the spaces 21 and 22, thereby creating a gap between the flow passages 13 and 14. will be cut off. The packing 11 is a flexible and elastic body, and its elastic resistance (restoring force) causes the spool 17 to receive a force directed toward its center and to be held there. When switching from the state shown in FIG. 4 to the state shown in FIG. 3, the packing 11 returns to the state shown in FIG. 3 due to its restoring force and the pressure of the fluid in the spaces 21 and 22.

Therefore, according to the fluid switching valve 12, the inner surface of the cylindrical hole 16 of the valve member, and the seal lips 11 at both ends.
b, 11b and a flexible, elastic cylindrical main body 11
A communication path b without a sliding part is defined by a,
It has a valve opening/closing function that expands the diameter of the outer projection 11c by expanding the diameter of the inner projection 11d (by the spool 17) that is cut off from the fluid in the valve, dividing the communication path b into two, and opening and closing the communication path b. The gasket 11 is a high-performance gasket 11 that has a good sealing function, and is installed inside the fluid switching valve 12 as shown in Fig. 3, which simplifies the valve structure and provides excellent switching valve function. This provides sufficient durability.

When the flow paths 13 and 14 are shut off and communicated by the spool 17, the seal member does not slide relative to each other across the flow paths 13 and 14, so dirt, lubricating oil, moisture, etc. are removed from the outside of the communication path. The fluid inside the valve will not be contaminated because the fluid will not be brought into the valve and stagnate. Also, conversely, dirt from the fluid may be on the spool 17 side.
Moisture or the like does not flow in, and the spool 17 slides smoothly.

The spool 17 and the inner protrusion 11d, which control the movement of the outer protrusion 11c that directly blocks and communicates between the flow paths 13 and 14, are cut off from the fluid in the valve and released to the outside air, so the expansion and contraction of the gasket 11 is ensured. Use a suitable lubricant to increase the service life of the gasket 11.
It can be supplied to the contact portion with the spool 17 inside.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and compared to the first embodiment, the fluid switching valve is formed by incorporating two packings 11 shown in FIG. , is characterized by a configuration that blocks and communicates between the three flow paths 23, 24, and 25, and the spool 26
When is at position 26A, channels 23 and 24 are in communication, and channel 25 is blocked, and when is at position 26B,
Flow paths 23, 24, 25 are all blocked, and position 26
In case C, channels 23 and 25 are in communication, and channel 2
4 is shut off, it becomes possible to open and close two channels, and basically the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, in which the gasket inserted into the cylindrical hole of the valve body is supported and fixed with both side surfaces and inner surface portions covered by the gasket retainer, and The cylindrical main body part of the packing is supported by the inner surface support part of the packing holder, and only the inner protrusion protrudes inwardly, and the support of the both side surfaces improves the sealing performance of the internal flow path by the seal lips on the outer periphery of both ends of the packing, and the inner surface By supporting the inner surface part by the support part, that is, supporting the cylindrical main body part,
Sliding and expansion/contraction of the cylindrical main body by the spool are prevented, and the cylindrical main body is closely supported and stabilized by the inner support part, effectively preventing damage and fatigue. The inner protrusion is supported and prevented from falling down, and the inner protrusion is supported by the spool.
The expansion and contraction of the outer protrusion becomes reliable and smooth, the operational reliability and durability are significantly improved, and the valve opening/closing performance is significantly improved.

There is no inflow of dirt, moisture, etc. into the internal flow path or the periphery of the spool, improving operational reliability, reducing fluid resistance in the internal flow path, and allowing the spool to slide smoothly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a packing example of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the operation of Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation of Figure 2.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example. 11: Packkin, 11b: Seal lip, 11
c: outer protrusion, 11d: inner protrusion, 15: valve body, 13, 14, 23, 24, 25: flow path, 1
7: Spool, 18, 19: Packing presser, 18
b, 19b: inner surface support part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A valve body having a cylindrical hole and a plurality of fluid inflow passages communicating with the cylindrical hole, and a valve body having a cylindrical hole and a plurality of fluid inflow passages that are fitted into the cylindrical hole and have communication lines between the respective passages on the inner wall side of the cylindrical hole. A gasket is formed by sealing and defining a passage with seal lips on the outer periphery of both ends, and has an outer protrusion and an inner protrusion protruding inwardly and outwardly from a central portion for opening and closing the communicating passage, and a gasket that is fitted into the cylindrical hole and is inserted into the cylindrical hole. A cylindrical packing holder including an inner supporting part that covers, supports and fixes both side surfaces and an inner surface, and in which only the inner protrusion protrudes inward; and a cylindrical packing holder that is inserted into the packing holder and slides together with the inner protrusion. A fluid switching valve comprising a spool that expands and contracts the outer protrusion.