JPH0220469B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0220469B2 JPH0220469B2 JP57170076A JP17007682A JPH0220469B2 JP H0220469 B2 JPH0220469 B2 JP H0220469B2 JP 57170076 A JP57170076 A JP 57170076A JP 17007682 A JP17007682 A JP 17007682A JP H0220469 B2 JPH0220469 B2 JP H0220469B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rack
- pinion
- guide
- locking portion
- sliding surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/26—Racks
- F16H55/28—Special devices for taking up backlash
- F16H55/283—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はラツクピニオン式舵取装置に関し、特
にラツクの軸断面形状を改良することによつてラ
ツクに軸回りの僅かな回動自由度を付与させ、こ
れにより良好な操舵感覚と高い耐久性を得させよ
うとするものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rack and pinion type steering device, and in particular, by improving the axial cross-sectional shape of the rack, the rack is given a slight degree of rotational freedom around the axis, thereby providing a good steering system. The aim is to provide a good steering feel and high durability.
従来のラツクピニオン式舵取装置は第１図ある
いは第２図に示すような構成を備えている。まず
第１図について説明すると、ラツクピニオン式舵
取装置のハウジング１内に、図示しない舵取ハン
ドルと連動する入力軸先端のヘリカルピニオン３
を回転自在に支持し、このピニオン３にラツク２
のラツク歯２ａを噛合させて該ラツク２を軸方向
に往復摺動可能にしている。上記ラツク歯２ａと
ピニオン３との噛合部の反対側位置には上記ハウ
ジング１にシリンダ部４を連設し、このシリンダ
部４内にラツクガイド５を嵌合させ、かつ上記シ
リンダ部４の開口端に螺合させたリテーナ６と上
記ラツクガイド５との間には付勢ばね７を介挿し
て該ラツクガイド５とともにラツク２をピニオン
３側に付勢している。なお、８はリテーナ６のロ
ツクナツトで、上記付勢力を調節することができ
る。 A conventional rack and pinion steering device has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 or 2. First, referring to FIG. 1, a helical pinion 3 at the tip of an input shaft that interlocks with a steering handle (not shown) is installed in a housing 1 of a rack and pinion type steering device.
is rotatably supported, and a rack 2 is attached to this pinion 3.
The rack teeth 2a of the two mesh with each other to enable the rack 2 to reciprocate in the axial direction. A cylinder part 4 is connected to the housing 1 at a position opposite to the meshing part between the rack teeth 2a and the pinion 3, a rack guide 5 is fitted into the cylinder part 4, and an open end of the cylinder part 4 is provided. A biasing spring 7 is interposed between the retainer 6 screwed into the retainer 6 and the rack guide 5, and together with the rack guide 5, the rack 2 is biased toward the pinion 3. In addition, 8 is a lock nut of the retainer 6, and the above-mentioned urging force can be adjusted.
然して、上記ラツク２の背面、すなわちラツク
ガイド５との摺接面は丸棒状の円弧状断面として
構成され、またラツク２を支承するラツクガイド
５の摺接面も円弧状断面の凹陥部F1として構成
されている。そして、これら摺接面によれば、ラ
ツク２にはヘリカルピニオン３が斜交して配置さ
れているために、これら両者の噛合伝達力の横方
向成分によつてラツク２にその軸心回りの回転分
力が加わるが、これを上記接動面の相対回動によ
つて吸収し得るようになつている。 Therefore, the rear surface of the rack 2, that is, the sliding surface with the rack guide 5 is configured as a round bar with an arcuate cross section, and the sliding surface of the rack guide 5 that supports the rack 2 is also configured as a concave portion F1 with an arcuate cross section. has been done. According to these sliding surfaces, since the helical pinion 3 is disposed obliquely on the rack 2, the lateral component of the meshing transmission force between these two causes the rack 2 to rotate around its axis. Although a rotational force is applied, this can be absorbed by the relative rotation of the contact surfaces.
ところで、このようにラツク２の回転自由度を
保証することは、ラツク２とピニオン３との円滑
な噛合状態を齊すことが可能であるが、ラツク２
の軸心回りの回転分力がラツク歯２ａの巾方向の
両端部２a′，２a′に集中するため、等に不整地走
行などによりラツクに繰り返し衝撃力が加わると
歯部の経時的疲労とともに著しい強度上の劣化を
生じさせる欠点があつた。 By the way, guaranteeing the degree of rotational freedom of the rack 2 in this way makes it possible to maintain a smooth meshing state between the rack 2 and the pinion 3;
Since the rotational force around the axis of the rack is concentrated on both ends 2a' and 2a' of the rack tooth 2a in the width direction, if impact force is repeatedly applied to the rack due to driving on rough terrain, etc., the tooth will become fatigued over time. It had the drawback of causing significant strength deterioration.
このため、上記回転自由度を拘束すべく第２図
に示すような構成手段が既に提案されている。す
なわち、ラツク１２は逆三角形状断面として構成
され、その三角形頂部が嵌入するラツクガイド１
５側の摺接面は勾配溝部F2として形成される。
この構成によれば、ラツク１２の回転は勾配溝部
F2における平面接触により阻止され、ラツク１
２とピニオン３との間に及ぼされる前述した衝撃
力は抑止することができるが、噛合部の精度管理
に厳しい制限が要求されることとなる。というの
は、歯形の僅かな加工誤差によつても円滑ら噛合
経過は望み得られず、操舵感覚に悪影響を及ぼす
からである。また、ラツクガイド１５の受圧面積
は第１図の円弧状断面に比し縮小されているか
ら、受圧面の面圧は上昇し、これに伴う摺接面摩
耗が増大してラツクガイド１５の耐久性を損わせ
るという欠点をも免れなかつた。 For this reason, a configuration means as shown in FIG. 2 has already been proposed in order to constrain the rotational degree of freedom. That is, the rack 12 has an inverted triangular cross section, and the rack guide 1 into which the triangular top fits
The sliding surface on the 5th side is formed as a sloped groove portion F2 .
According to this configuration, the rotation of the rack 12 is caused by the sloped groove.
Blocked by planar contact at F 2 , Rack 1
Although the above-mentioned impact force exerted between the pinion 2 and the pinion 3 can be suppressed, severe restrictions are required on precision control of the meshing portion. This is because even a slight machining error in the tooth profile makes it impossible to achieve smooth engagement, which adversely affects the steering feel. Furthermore, since the pressure-receiving area of the rack guide 15 is reduced compared to the arcuate cross-section shown in FIG. It also had the disadvantage of causing damage.
本発明は叙上の点に鑑み、ラツクの僅少な回転
自由度のみを許容して操舵感覚を向上させるとと
もに、歯部に加わる衝撃力を緩和してラツクの強
度を保証し得るようにしようとするものであつ
て、ハウジングに回転自在に軸支したピニオン
と、上記ハウジングに軸方向に摺動自在に設けて
上記ピニオンと噛合させたラツクと、上記ハウジ
ングに形成したシリンダ部内に摺動自在に嵌合
し、上記ピニオンとラツクとの噛合部と反対側か
らラツクに摺接させたラツクガイドと、このラツ
クガイドと上記シリンダ開口部に締着したリテー
ナとの間に弾支した付勢ばねとを備えたラツクピ
ニオン式舵取装置において、上記ラツクとラツク
ガイドとの摺接面断面形状を円弧状に形成すると
ともに、該ラツクに係止部を突設し、この係止部
とそれの当接するラツクガイドの当接面との間に
はラツク軸線回りの遊動を許容する遊動クリアラ
ンスを介在させたことを特徴としている。 In view of the above points, the present invention seeks to improve the steering feeling by allowing only a small degree of rotational freedom for the rack, and to ensure the strength of the rack by alleviating the impact force applied to the teeth. A pinion rotatably supported in a housing, a rack slidably provided in the housing in the axial direction and engaged with the pinion, and a rack slidably in a cylinder portion formed in the housing. A rack guide that is fitted and slid into sliding contact with the rack from the opposite side of the meshing portion between the pinion and the rack, and a biasing spring elastically supported between the rack guide and the retainer that is fastened to the cylinder opening. In the rack and pinion type steering device, the cross-sectional shape of the sliding surface between the rack and the rack guide is formed into an arc shape, and a locking portion is provided protrudingly on the rack, and the locking portion and the rack guide that it comes into contact with are arranged in a protruding manner. It is characterized in that a free movement clearance is provided between the rack and the abutting surface to allow free movement around the rack axis.
以下、上記従来例のものと同一部分には同一符
号を付して示す第３図および第４図の実施例につ
いて本発明を説明すると、第３図ａにおいて、ラ
ツク２２は円弧状断面として形成され、そのラツ
ク歯２２ａの反対側の摺接面中央部に係止部２２
ｂが突設されており、またラツクガイド２５には
その円弧状摺接面を形成する凹陥部F3に、上記
係止部２２ｂを嵌入させる受入溝２５ａを穿設し
ている。そして、この係止部２２ｂと受入溝２５
ａの両側壁面との間には該係止部２２ｂの遊動ク
リアランスC1が介在される。この遊動クリアラ
ンスC1の大きさは、噛合部における歯形誤差を
吸収できる程度の僅少な値とされるのが望まし
い。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4, in which the same parts as those of the conventional example are given the same reference numerals. In FIG. 3a, the rack 22 is formed as an arcuate cross section. A locking portion 22 is provided at the center of the sliding surface on the opposite side of the rack teeth 22a.
The rack guide 25 has a receiving groove 25a in which the locking portion 22b is inserted into the concave portion F3 forming the arcuate sliding surface of the rack guide 25. This locking portion 22b and the receiving groove 25
A free movement clearance C 1 of the locking portion 22b is provided between the locking portion 22b and both side wall surfaces of the locking portion 22b. It is desirable that the size of this free movement clearance C 1 be set to a small enough value to absorb tooth profile errors in the meshing portion.
上記構成によれば、遊動クリアランスC1の範
囲内でのラツク２２の回転は許容されるから、歯
形の加工誤差に基くラツク２２の回転動を吸収し
て円滑な操舵感を得させることができ、かつ同時
に歯形精度の要求をも緩和させることができる。
そして、上記遊動クリアランスC1以上のラツク
２２の回転は、第３図ｂに示すように、係止部２
２ｂが受入溝２５ａの壁面に遊動クリアランス
C1に相当する回転角δ1゜をもつて当接することに
より阻止されるから、不整地走行等により上記噛
合部に衝撃力が加わつても、これを係止部２２ｂ
の当接によつて受けてそれ以上の回転力は歯部に
加わらず、該歯部の強度を損うことがなく、歯車
諸元の設計自由度を増させることができる。しか
も、噛合いによるラツク２２の背圧は、円弧状断
面を有する広い摺接面で受けているため、ラツク
ガイド２５に加わる面圧は比較的小さく、ラツク
ガイド２５の摩耗に対する耐久性を持続させるこ
とができる。なお、係止部２２ｂの断面形状は図
示のものに限られず、円弧状等の種々の形状を選
択することができる。 According to the above configuration, since rotation of the rack 22 is allowed within the range of the free movement clearance C1 , it is possible to absorb the rotational movement of the rack 22 due to machining errors in the tooth profile and provide a smooth steering feeling. , and at the same time, the requirement for tooth profile accuracy can be relaxed.
As shown in FIG .
2b is a floating clearance on the wall surface of the receiving groove 25a.
Since this is prevented by abutting with a rotation angle δ 1 ° corresponding to C 1 , even if an impact force is applied to the engaging portion due to driving on rough terrain, etc., this will be prevented by the locking portion 22b.
No more rotational force is applied to the toothed portion due to the contact of the toothed portion, the strength of the toothed portion is not impaired, and the degree of freedom in designing gear specifications can be increased. Moreover, since the back pressure of the rack 22 due to meshing is received by a wide sliding surface having an arcuate cross section, the surface pressure applied to the rack guide 25 is relatively small, making it possible to maintain the durability of the rack guide 25 against wear. can. Note that the cross-sectional shape of the locking portion 22b is not limited to that shown in the drawings, and various shapes such as an arc shape can be selected.
次に第４図は本発明の他の実施例を示すもので
あつて、ラツク３２は円弧状断面として形成さ
れ、これを摺接案内するラツクガイド３５の摺接
面も同様円弧状の凹陥部F4として構成されてお
り、かつこの摺接面外方においてラツク３２には
その両側に、ラツクガイド３５の頂面３５ａとの
間に遊動クリアランスC2を介在させて、係止部
３２ｂを突設させている。したがつて、この実施
例においても、ラツク３２の回転は同図ｂに示す
如く遊動クリアランスC2に相当する回転角δ2゜の
範囲内で許容され、それ以上の回転は係止部３２
ｂがラツクガイド３５の頂面３５ａと当接するこ
とにより阻止され、上記第３図のものと同効を期
待し得ることは明らかである。 Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the rack 32 is formed as a circular arc cross section, and the sliding surface of the rack guide 35 that slides and guides the rack 32 also has a circular concave portion F. 4 , and locking portions 32b are protrudingly provided on both sides of the rack 32 on the outside of this sliding surface with a free movement clearance C2 interposed between the rack 32 and the top surface 35a of the rack guide 35. ing. Therefore, in this embodiment as well, the rotation of the rack 32 is allowed within the range of rotation angle δ 2 ° corresponding to the free movement clearance C 2 as shown in FIG.
b is prevented by contacting the top surface 35a of the rack guide 35, and it is clear that the same effect as that shown in FIG. 3 can be expected.
そして、この実施例においては、上記係止部３
２ｂを、ラツク３２の歯部塑性加工時に生ずる余
剰の金属流動部分として同時成形することがで
き、従来切断廃棄された部分を有効に利用し得る
利点がある。 In this embodiment, the locking portion 3
2b can be formed at the same time as a surplus metal flowing portion generated during plastic working of the tooth portion of the rack 32, and there is an advantage that the portion that was conventionally cut and discarded can be effectively utilized.
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、良好な操
舵感覚とともに高強度かつ耐久性のあるラツクピ
ニオン式舵取装置を提供し得る効果がある。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rack and pinion type steering device that has good steering feel, high strength, and durability.
第１図は従来のラツクピニオン式舵取装置の断
面図、第２図は従来の他の変形例についてその主
要部を示す断面図、第３図ａ，ｂは本発明実施例
の断面図およびその作動説明図、第４図ａ，ｂは
本発明の他の実施例についてその主要部を示す断
面図およびその作動説明図である。
１……ハウジング、２，１２，２２，２３……
ラツク、３……ピニオン、４……シリンダ部、
５，１５，２５，３５……ラツクガイド、６……
リテーナ、７……付勢ばね、２２ｂ，３２ｂ……
係止部。
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional rack and pinion type steering device, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the main parts of another conventional modification, and Figs. Figures 4a and 4b are sectional views showing the main parts of another embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 4a and 4b are diagrams illustrating its operation. 1... Housing, 2, 12, 22, 23...
Rack, 3...Pinion, 4...Cylinder part,
5, 15, 25, 35...Rack guide, 6...
Retainer, 7...Biasing spring, 22b, 32b...
Locking part.
Claims (1)
と、上記ハウジングに軸方向に摺動自在に設けて
上記ピニオンと噛合させたラツクと、上記ハウジ
ングに形成したシリンダ部内に摺動自在に嵌合
し、上記ピニオンとラツクとの噛合部と反射側か
らラツクに摺接させたラツクガイドと、このラツ
クガイドと上記シリンダ開口部に締着したリテー
ナとの間に弾支した付勢ばねとを備えたラツクピ
ニオン式舵取装置において、上記ラツクとラツク
ガイドとの摺接面断面形状を円弧状に形成すると
ともに、該ラツクに係止部を突設し、この係止部
とそれの当接するラツクガイドの当接面との間に
はラツク軸線回りの遊動を許容する遊動クリアラ
ンスを介在させたことを特徴とするラツクピニオ
ン式舵取装置。 ２ ラツク側摺接面に係止部を突設し、この係止
部をラツクガイド側摺接面に形成した溝部内に遊
動クリアランスを介して嵌入させたことを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項記載のラツクピニオン
式舵取装置。 ３ ラツク両側部にそれぞれ係止部を突設し、こ
れら係止部とラツクガイド頂面との間に遊動クリ
アランスを介在させたことを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項記載のラツクピニオン式舵取装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A pinion rotatably supported in a housing, a rack slidably provided in the housing in the axial direction and engaged with the pinion, and a rack slidably provided in a cylinder portion formed in the housing. A rack guide is fitted into the rack and slidably contacts the engaging portion between the pinion and the rack from the reflective side, and a biasing spring is elastically supported between the rack guide and the retainer fastened to the cylinder opening. In the rack and pinion type steering device, the cross-sectional shape of the sliding surface between the rack and the rack guide is formed into an arc shape, and a locking portion is provided protrudingly on the rack, and the locking portion and the rack guide in contact with the rack are provided with a locking portion protruding from the rack. A rack and pinion type steering device characterized in that a free movement clearance is provided between the abutment surface and the rack to allow free movement about the rack axis. 2. Claim 1, characterized in that a locking portion is provided protrudingly on the sliding surface on the rack side, and the locking portion is fitted into a groove formed on the sliding surface on the rack guide side via a free movement clearance. Rack and pinion type steering device as described in . 3. The rack and pinion type rudder according to claim 1, characterized in that locking portions are provided protrudingly on both sides of the rack, and a floating clearance is provided between these locking portions and the top surface of the rack guide. removal device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17007682A JPS5959571A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Rack/pinion steering system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17007682A JPS5959571A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Rack/pinion steering system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5959571A JPS5959571A (en) | 1984-04-05 |
| JPH0220469B2 true JPH0220469B2 (en) | 1990-05-09 |
Family
ID=15898190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17007682A Granted JPS5959571A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Rack/pinion steering system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5959571A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6152564U (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1986-04-09 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1525760A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1978-09-20 | Bishop A | Rack and pinion steering gear |
-
1982
- 1982-09-29 JP JP17007682A patent/JPS5959571A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5959571A (en) | 1984-04-05 |
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