JPH022065B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of producing a cold/hot heat source using an absorption refrigerator and using low potential energy and high potential energy in combination or alone.

Heating energy is required to produce cold and hot heat sources, and conventionally, it is the combustion heat of fossil fuels such as oil and coal and their derivative fuels (heavy oil, city gas), or the high pressure steam and high temperature generated using this combustion heat. High temperature, high potential energy such as water has been used. However, high potential energy is expensive, and in order to prevent conventional fossil fuels from being depleted, it is desired to suppress the amount of fossil fuels used.

On the other hand, although low-potential energy such as hot water using solar heat, hot water discharged from factories, and low-pressure steam discharged from steam engines is abundant and inexpensive, it has a low temperature of, for example, 100 degrees Celsius or less. In addition, the production volume is not constant and it is difficult to obtain the required amount immediately when needed, or to secure a certain amount over a long period of time, so it is not used.
Previously, they were simply discarded into the environment.

This heat source production apparatus using low potential energy has a complicated structure and operation, such as requiring a separate auxiliary boiler when low potential energy is insufficient.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional system, and can easily compensate for the shortfall in low potential energy by controlling the supply of high potential energy in response to fluctuations in low potential energy and load. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a cold/hot heat source using an absorption refrigerator, which can have an extremely simple structure. That is, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a cold/hot heat source in which, when there is low potential energy and high potential energy, the low potential energy is used preferentially.

Furthermore, a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cold/hot heat source that can effectively preferentially use low potential energy without using a special auxiliary heating device.

Furthermore, a third object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cold/hot heat source that can store heat even when low potential energy is not used for producing the cold/hot heat source.

The present invention provides a method for producing a cold heat source that uses an absorption refrigerator equipped with an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, and a condenser to make it possible to utilize low potential energy and high potential energy. and a cold/hot heat source production device are connected via a heat storage device, and a low potential energy heat medium is used when producing a cold heat source or a hot heat source.
Is the heat obtained from outside the system being radiated into the system?
In order to determine whether heat within the system is received and discarded outside the system, a value of low potential energy corresponding to the lower limit state of the heat dissipation state is set as the lower limit value that can be used. If the available lower limit is exceeded, it is assumed that the low potential energy heat medium is in a state where it can radiate heat into the system, and the low potential energy is used preferentially as a heating source, and if there is still a shortage, , if the shortage is auxiliary heated by the high potential energy in the generator, and the low potential energy is below the available lower limit,
Considering that the low-potential energy heat medium is in a state of receiving heat from within the system, the low-potential energy cycle is separated from the cold/hot heat source production cycle, and only the high-potential energy is used as a heating source, and at the same time, the low-potential energy heat medium is This is a method for producing a cold/hot heat source using an absorption refrigerator, characterized in that the energy possessed by the heat storage device is stored in the heat storage device.

The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings based on examples.
Can body 1 is used as equipment to form an absorption refrigeration cycle.
an evaporator E and an absorber A configured as one body in the
A condenser C and a low temperature generator GL are integrally formed in the can body 2, and a high temperature generator is formed separately.
Equipped with GH, high temperature solution heat exchanger HEH, and low temperature solution heat exchanger HEL, these devices can be connected to
As solution system lines, pipes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, dispersion pipes 11, 12, and a solution pump SP are provided, and as refrigerant system lines, pipes 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 56, spray pipe 18, valve 57,
58, a refrigerant pump EP, saucers 19, 20, and a heating tube 21 are provided, and as a solution heating mechanism, the heating tube 21 as a dual effect heating tube is in the low temperature generator GL, and the heating tube 21 is a heating tube as a low temperature solution heating tube. The tube 22 is
A high-temperature generator having a burner 25, a boiler can body 26, and a smoke pipe 27, which are connected to pipes 39 and 40, and which burn fuel such as A heavy oil that passes through a fuel pipe 23 and whose flow rate is controlled by a fuel valve 24. The vessel GH is provided as a solution high temperature heating mechanism, and the cooling medium system includes pipes 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, a cold water pipe 61, three-way valves 33, 34, and a pump 35,
The cooling water system includes cooling water pipes 36 and 37, and an absorption refrigeration cycle formed by these pipes forms a cold source production cycle.

38 is a load, 59 is a temperature detector for the cold water outlet temperature, and 60 is a temperature detector for the inlet temperature of the heating tube 22.

The equipment that makes up the heat source production cycle is:
A solar heat collector 41 is provided as a thermal medium low-temperature heating mechanism of the thermal medium heating mechanism, and a high-temperature generator GH housing a heat receiving tube 42 is used as a thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism. A low-temperature, low-potential energy heat medium system is formed by the pump 43 and pipes 44 and 45 as a heat medium system, and the heat storage 6
It is connected to the cold/hot heat source production equipment via 4. As the heating medium system path on the cold/hot heat source production equipment side, 4
6, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 55, three-way valves 52, 53, 54, the heat storage device 64, the heat receiving pipe 42, (the following are shared with the cooling medium system, but separate systems are used for different loads) pipes 30, 31, 32, three-way valve 33,
34 and a pump 35 are provided. 62, 63
are temperature detectors that detect the inlet temperature of the outlet temperature load 38 of the heat collector 41, respectively. 65 is a pump, and 66 is a check valve.

Therefore, when producing a cold source or a hot source,
In the high-temperature generator GH, which serves as both a solution high-temperature heating mechanism and a hot-medium high-temperature heating mechanism, the energy given is high-temperature high-potential energy, and is applied to the heat collector 41 as a hot-medium low-temperature heating mechanism during the production of a hot heat source. The energy given by the heating tube 22 as a solution low temperature heating mechanism via the heat storage device 64 by the heat medium that has received heat from the heat collector 41 during the production of the cold heat source is low-temperature, low-potential energy. .

The operation of the device as described above will be explained.

First, when manufacturing a cold heat source, as shown in FIG. is guided to the heating pipe 22 and circulated again to the heat storage device 64, and the solution system path closes the valve 57 and opens the valve 58, making it a single-effect system for the low potential energy given from the heat collector 41, and the cooling medium. The route is trigonal 33,
34 to connect the cold water pipe 61 to the load 38.

If the solution pump SP, refrigerant pump EP, and pumps 35 and 43 are operated in this state, the single-effect absorption refrigeration cycle is activated by the low potential energy obtained by collecting solar heat, and cold water is produced and sent to the load 38. It will be done.

When the amount of heat collected in the heat collector 41 is extremely small or zero relative to the amount of load, the refrigeration cycle is operated only with high potential energy without introducing low potential energy to the heating tube 22 as described later. If this lowest usable amount of low potential energy is called the usable lower limit, then this
The usable lower limit value may be set to vary depending on the load amount, or may be set constant in advance. The usable lower limit value is detected by detecting the inlet temperature of the heating tube 22 with the temperature detector 60, detecting the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the heating tube 22, etc.
Define a constant set value or a set value that changes depending on the load.

In order to utilize low potential energy effectively, the low potential energy heat medium must be allowed to radiate heat, but must be prevented from receiving heat. If the value of low potential energy corresponding to the lower limit state of the heat dissipation state is defined as the "lower limit value that can be used", then in order to indirectly set this value, the temperature of the low potential energy heat medium is detected and the temperature of the heat dissipation state is determined. In order to determine whether it is in the heat receiving state, the temperature or temperature difference at the lower limit of the heat dissipation state is set as the usable lower limit value. If the detected value exceeds this lower limit, it is assumed that the heat is dissipated and low potential energy is used, and if the detected value is below the lower limit, use of low potential energy is avoided.

For example, when using low potential energy, the difference between the inlet temperature T ₁ and the outlet temperature T ₂ of the heating tube 22 △T=
The condition is that T ₁ −T ₂ = 0, but considering the power consumption of the pump 43 and the precision of the instrument, for example, T ₁
and T ₂ are detected, and when ΔT<0.5° C. is approximately reached, this is detected, and control is performed to disconnect the low potential energy, assuming that the value has fallen below the usable lower limit value. Alternatively, the outlet temperature of the heat collector 41 may be detected by the temperature detector 62, and if the temperature is below a predetermined temperature, it may be considered that the temperature has fallen below the lower limit.

For example, when the inlet temperature of the heat collector 41 is t ₁ and the outlet temperature is t ₂ , in order to use low potential energy, t ₁ and t ₂ are detected by temperature detectors, and △t The condition is that =t ₂ −t ₁ >0. In consideration of instrument accuracy, etc., when Δt=0.5° C., control may be performed to cut off the low potential energy, assuming that this is below the usable lower limit value.

If it is determined by the above-mentioned detection of ΔT, Δt, etc. that the low potential energy exceeds the usable lower limit value, the operation is continued according to the cycle shown in FIG. 2.

If the amount of low potential energy is insufficient for the load from the beginning of operation or due to load fluctuations, this insufficient state can be detected by detecting the chilled water outlet temperature by the temperature detector 59 and by detecting the temperature at the outlet of the evaporator E.
Alternatively, if it is detected by detecting the liquid level in the absorber A, etc., and it is determined that there is a shortage, the valve 57 is opened and the valve 58 is closed as shown in FIG.
4 and ignite burner 25, high temperature generator GH
A heating action of the solution with high potential energy at and a dual effect heating action at the low temperature generator GL are supplemented. In this case, if the temperature detector 59 detects the cold water outlet temperature or the liquid level of the evaporator or absorber and adjusts the fuel valve 24 so that the cold water outlet temperature becomes constant, the low potential heat medium can be used as described above. Low potential energy is used while detecting the temperature and confirming that △T>0 or △t>0, for example, to prevent the low potential energy heat medium from receiving heat. The high potential energy can be used preferentially, and the high potential energy can be used appropriately and effectively as an auxiliary in response to load fluctuations or low potential energy fluctuations.

Further, as described above, if it is determined that the amount of low potential energy has fallen below the usable lower limit value at the time of startup or due to fluctuations in the low potential energy source, the three-way valve 5 is activated as shown in FIG.
2 and 54 are switched, the pump 43 is stopped, the low potential energy cycle is disconnected from the heating tube 22, and the dual effect absorption refrigeration cycle with high potential energy only is activated to produce cold water.

In this case, the pump 43 continues to operate and the heat collector 4
The low potential energy obtained in step 1 is transferred to heat storage device 6.
4 can store heat.

Next, when manufacturing the heat source, the three-way valve 3 as shown in Figure 5.
3, 34, 52, 53, and 54 are switched so that the thermal medium heated by the heat storage device 64 is guided to the load. In this example, at the beginning of startup, burner 25
No heating is performed. When the pumps 43 and 35 are operated in this state, the water is heated by low potential energy obtained from solar heat in the heat collector 41 as a heat medium low-temperature heating mechanism, and hot water as a heat medium is produced and sent to the load 38. .

When there is a shortage of low potential energy for the load 38, the shortage state is detected by the heat collector 4.
1 or the inlet temperature of the load 38 using a temperature detector 62 or 63, etc., and if it is determined that the temperature is insufficient,
The fuel valve 24 is opened and the burner 25 is ignited, and the hot water heating action by high potential energy in the high temperature generator GH, which serves as a high temperature heating medium heating mechanism, is supplementarily applied. In this case, the temperature detector 63
If the fuel valve 24 is adjusted so that the load 38 inlet temperature is constant by detecting the load 38 inlet temperature at High potential energy can be used appropriately and effectively as a supplement. this is,
This is because the heating medium is first heated with low potential energy to raise its temperature, and then the insufficient amount is supplementally heated with high potential energy in the generator.

Further, as described above, if the temperature detector 62 or 63 determines that the amount of low potential energy has fallen below the usable lower limit value at the time of startup or due to fluctuations in the low potential energy source, the sixth As shown in the figure, the three-way valves 52 and 53 are switched, the pump 43 is stopped, the low potential energy is disconnected from the load 38, and the heat receiving tube 42 is heated only by the high potential energy.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment, in which a low-potential energy heat medium line including a heat collector 41 and the main body of the cold/hot medium manufacturing apparatus are connected via a heat storage device 64 in a circuit different from that in the above-described example. As mentioned above, even if the low potential energy falls below the lower limit of available use and the low potential cycle is disconnected, the pump 43 is operated to operate the heat storage 4.
1 can store heat. In addition, when sufficient heat is stored, it can be used as a low potential energy source even when low potential energy from the outside world falls below the usable lower limit.

As for the operating conditions in this embodiment, FIG. 8 shows the state in which low potential energy is supplied to the heating tube 22 during the production of a cold source, and FIG. 9 shows the state in which low potential energy is supplied to the heating medium during the production of a hot source. (However, in both Figures 8 and 9, the high temperature generator GH may be activated, but it is not shown).
FIG. 10 shows a case where the low potential energy cycle is separated and the heat source is produced using only high potential energy.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment in which the heat receiving tube 42 is housed in a heating chamber 67 communicating with the high temperature generator GH.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment in which a heat collector 41 as a heat medium low temperature heating mechanism and a heat receiving tube 42 as a heat medium high temperature heating mechanism are provided in parallel when producing a heat source. A valve 69 controls the flow rate distributed to the pipes 44 and 68 according to the mutual relationship between high and low potential energies. For example, the outlet temperature of the heat collector 41 and the outlet temperature of the heat receiving tube 42 are measured, and the flow rate distribution is controlled so that both temperatures are approximately equal.

FIG. 13 shows an example of the load side, where the heat storage tank 7
0. By providing the pump 71, it is possible to store heat from low and high heat sources and to stabilize the supplied heat source even when the load is changed.

Since the above embodiments are configured and operate as described above, the potential energy is used as an auxiliary heating device in the production of cold/hot heat sources, and the entire system is simplified, and in particular, the hot/heat source production system is simplified. By using the auxiliary high potential energy for producing cold and hot heat sources as a heating source, and controlling the heating source according to the load with the auxiliary high potential energy, control becomes easy and it can be used when the low potential energy becomes too small. This low-potential energy cycle can be separated as a stop or heat storage cycle, while only the auxiliary high-potential energy is used to produce the cold source.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which a low-potential energy heat medium is directly guided to the cold/hot heat source production apparatus without using the heat storage device 64. Compared to this example, the embodiment of the present application has a low-potential energy It has the advantage of storing heat.

According to the present invention, the action of the low potential energy heat medium is only to release heat into the system, and the low potential energy heat medium is prevented from receiving heat in the system due to high potential energy and discarding it outside the system. In addition, during the production of heat sources, low-potential energy can be effectively recovered and used without the need for special heating equipment, and inexpensive low-potential energy can be effectively recovered and used preferentially, or it can be stored and used effectively. A method for producing a cold/hot heat source using an absorption refrigerator, which reduces the use of expensive high-potential energy from precious fossil fuels, facilitates supply control, and simplifies the structure of the equipment. It has extremely great practical effects in terms of low energy usage, waste heat recovery, and energy saving.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 13 relate to embodiments of the present invention; Figure 1 is a flow sheet, Figures 2 to 6 are flow sheets showing various operating conditions, and Figure 7 is a partial diagram of another embodiment. Flowsheets, FIGS. 8 to 10 are flowsheets showing various operating conditions, FIG. 11 is a partial flowsheet of another embodiment, FIG. 12 is a flowsheet of another embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial flow sheet of another embodiment on the load side, and FIG. 14 is a flow sheet of an example of a device that does not use a heat storage device. 1, 2...can body, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10...Pipeline, 11,12...Spreading pipe, 1
3, 14, 15, 16, 17... pipe, 18...
Spraying pipe, 19, 20... saucer, 21, 22... heating tube, 23... fuel pipe, 24... fuel valve, 25...
...Burner, 26...Boiler can body, 27...Smoke pipe,
28, 29, 30, 31, 32...pipeline, 33,
34... Three-way valve, 35... Pump, 36, 37...
... Cooling water pipe, 38 ... Load, 39, 40 ... Pipe line, 41 ... Heat collector, 42 ... Heat receiving pipe, 43 ...
Pump, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49,
50, 51...Pipeline, 52,53,54...Three-way valve, 55,56...Pipeline, 57,58...Valve, 5
9, 60...Temperature detector, 61...Cold water pipe, 6
2, 63... Temperature detector, 64... Heat storage device, 65
... Pump, 66 ... Check valve, 67 ... Heating chamber, 68 ... Piping, 69 ... Valve, 70 ... Heat storage tank, 71 ... Valve, A ... Absorber, C ... Condenser, E...Evaporator, GH...High temperature generator, GL...
...low temperature generator, HEH...high temperature solution heat exchanger,
HEL...Low temperature solution heat exchanger, SP...Solution pump, EP...Refrigerant pump.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cold heat source production method that uses an absorption refrigerator equipped with an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, and a condenser to make it possible to utilize low potential energy and high potential energy, comprising: The medium system path and the cold/hot heat source production equipment are connected via a heat storage device, and the low potential energy heat medium transfers heat obtained from outside the system to the inside of the system during production of the cold heat source or hot heat source. In order to determine whether heat is being radiated or whether heat within the system is being received and discarded outside the system,
A value of low potential energy corresponding to the lower limit state of the heat dissipation state is set as the lower limit value that can be used, and when the low potential energy exceeds the lower limit value that can be used, the low potential energy heating medium is It is assumed that the low potential energy is in a state where heat can be radiated into the interior, and the low potential energy is used preferentially as a heating source, and if there is a shortage, the shortage is supplementarily heated by the high potential energy in the generator, If the low potential energy is below the available lower limit value, it is assumed that the low potential energy heat medium is in a state of receiving heat from within the system,
Absorption refrigeration characterized in that the low-potential energy cycle is separated from the cold/hot heat source production cycle, only the high-potential energy is used as a heating source, and at the same time, the energy possessed by the low-potential energy heat medium is stored in the heat storage device. A method for producing cold and hot heat sources using a machine.