JPH0228289B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combine harvester equipped with a grain culm handling depth adjustment device, and more specifically, when a grain culm harvested by a reaping device is threshed by a threshing device, it is possible to adjust the handling depth of the grain culm by a threshing device. This article relates to a combine harvester that is designed to automatically adjust.

Conventionally, in this type of combine harvester, as a means for automatically adjusting the handling depth of grain culms, a long and short device consisting of a transmitter that emits ultrasonic waves and a receiver that receives the ultrasonic waves is installed near the grain culm supply port of the threshing device. A culm detection device is installed perpendicularly to the grain culm conveyance surface, and the transmitter of the detection device emits ultrasonic waves, and the receiver receives the reflected ultrasonic waves that hit the grain culm and detect the grains. A device is already known that detects the presence or absence of a culm, thereby detecting the length of the culm, and adjusts the handling depth of the culm.

However, since the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter of the detection device have the characteristic of being emitted in a wide-angle shape,
When the radiation is perpendicular to the grain culm transport surface, when there is a grain culm on the grain culm transport surface, the reflected wave from the grain culm is of course received by the receiver, but when there is no grain culm, the reflected wave is received by the receiver. Also, the reflected waves from the grain culm conveyance surface (guide plate) may be received by the receiver, or the reflected waves may interfere with the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter, resulting in false detection. There was a problem that arose.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and provides a combine harvester in which a long and short culm detection device is provided in the grain culm conveyance path to control a handling depth adjustment device. The detection device consists of an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver, and the transmitter is placed above the grain culm conveying surface, and the radiation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transmitter moves on the grain culm conveying surface. The grain culm is disposed so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culm, and the receiver is disposed above the grain culm conveying surface and at a position to receive reflected waves from the grain culm. Therefore, even if the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter hit the grain culm conveyance surface and are reflected when there is no grain culm on the grain culm conveyance surface, the reflected ultrasonic waves will not be transmitted. To provide a combine harvester equipped with a grain handling depth adjustment device capable of preventing erroneous detection by preventing direct reflection toward a grain harvester or receiver.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

1 is a machine body equipped with a traveling device 2 at the lower part, supporting a reaping device 3 at the front part, and mounting a threshing device 4 on the upper part. At the same time, the harvested grain culms are transferred to the grain culm supply port 42 of the handling chamber 41 in the threshing device 4 via the vertical conveyance device 5.
The grain culms are transported and supplied to the supply port 42.
Aircraft 1 is installed by feed chain 6 along the
The grain culm tip is held and conveyed rearward, and during this conveyance, the tip of the grain culm is inserted into the handling chamber 41 from the supply port 42, and the grain culm tip is threshed by the handling cylinder 43 in the handling chamber 41. It consists of

Therefore, the present invention provides a superconductor that detects the transport speed of grain culms without contacting the grain culms near the grain culm supply port 42 to the handling chamber 41, and outputs an output depending on the presence or absence of the detected speed. Sound wave transmitter T and receiver R
A long culm detection device 7 consisting of an ultrasonic transmitter T ₁ and a short culm detection device 8 consisting of an ultrasonic receiver R ₁ are provided. These long and short culm detection devices 7 and _{8 ,} as shown in FIG. The receivers R and R1 are arranged so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culm moving on the grain culm transport surface, and the receivers R and _R1 are arranged above the grain culm transport surface and above the grain culm transport surface. When the ultrasonic wave from the transmitter T is placed at a position to receive reflected waves from the culm and is emitted to the grain culm at a predetermined angle, the ultrasonic wave is reflected from the grain culm at a predetermined angle. The signal is received by the receiver R, and the Doppler frequency is detected by a Doppler frequency detection circuit 17, which will be described later.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the transmitters T, _T1 and the receiver R,
R ₁ is arranged as described above with respect to the grain culm conveyance surface, so that the ultrasonic waves from the transmitters T and T ₁ hit the grain culm conveyance surface, and the reflected ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the transmitter and By preventing direct reflection toward the receivers R and _R1 , when there is no grain culm on the grain culm conveyance surface, the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter can hit the grain culm conveyance surface. Even if the reflected ultrasonic wave is reflected by the transmitter or receiver, the reflected ultrasonic wave will not be directly reflected towards the transmitter or receiver.

That is, when there is a grain culm on the grain culm conveyance surface, the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitters T and _T1 are reflected by the grain culms as shown in FIG. When there is no grain culm on _the grain culm conveyance surface, the ultrasonic waves reflected at a predetermined angle from the transmitters T and _T1 hit the grain culm conveyance surface. The reflected waves are naturally radiated in the direction opposite to the direction of reflection, that is, the direction opposite to the direction in which the transmitters T, T ₁ and the receivers R, R ₁ are disposed, and this reflected wave is erroneously emitted from the receivers R, R, and R. It will not be received by R ₁ or interfere with the ultrasonic waves transmitted toward the transmitters T and T ₁ , and therefore erroneous detection when grain culms are not present can be reliably prevented.

Therefore, by providing the long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 configured as described above, the grain culm handling depth adjustment device 9 can be reliably controlled by the output signals from the respective devices 7 and 8.

That is, as shown in FIG.
is swingably attached to the machine body 1, and the piston rod 11 of a piston device 10 mounted and supported on the machine body 1 side is connected to the vertical conveyance device 5, and the piston 12 of the piston device 10 is driven forward and backward. The vertical conveyance device 5 is swung to change the transfer position of the grain culm from the vertical conveyance device 5 to the feed chain 6, and the insertion depth of the grain culm into the handling chamber 41, that is, the handling While the structure is configured such that the depth can be changed, a sensor 14 for detecting the passage of grain culms having a detection arm 13 and long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 are placed near the grain culm supply port 42 at a predetermined interval. A three-position switching solenoid valve SV ₁ is interposed in the communication path of the piston device 10 to the hydraulic pump 15 and the tank 16, and operating solenoids SOL ₁ , SOL of the solenoid valve SV ₁ are provided in parallel. ₂ , the passage detection sensor 14 and the long and short culm detection device 7,
The output from this circuit excites the solenoids SOL ₁ and SOL ₂ to control the piston 12 in the piston device 10.
It is configured to automatically control the advancing drive and retracting drive of the vehicle. Further, the long and short culm detection device 7,
_{8 ,} as shown in _{FIG .} R, R ₁
Doppler frequency detection circuits 17 and 17a are connected to the transmitters T and _T1 to transmit ultrasonic waves, and the reflected ultrasonic waves of the ultrasonic waves are received by the receivers R and _R1 ,
This received signal is sent to the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17,
17a, and the Doppler frequency is detected by this detection circuit. The Doppler frequency is detected when the waste object, that is, the grain culm, is in a conveying state. Upon this detection, the output signal from the Doppler frequency detection circuits 17, 17a is input to the frequency-current conversion circuit 18, which converts the frequency into a current. It is configured to convert and input it to the automatic handling depth logic circuit 19 to excite the solenoids SOL ₁ and SOL ₂ of the solenoid valve SV ₁ .

That is, when the Doppler frequency detection circuits 17 and 17a in the long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 detect the frequency and input the detection signal to the automatic handling depth logic circuit 19 via the frequency-current conversion circuit 18, the circuit 19 Output is made from solenoid SOL ₁ ,
Further, if neither of the detection circuits 17, 17a detects the frequency, the logic circuit 19 sends the solenoid
When the detection circuit 17 does not detect the frequency and the detection circuit 17a detects the frequency, the logic circuit ₁₉ outputs the solenoid SOL ₁ ,
It is configured so that there is no output to SOL ₂ .

In addition, the long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 are installed above the grain culm with the transmitter T and the receiver R tilted at a predetermined angle, and the long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 are installed above the grain culm with the transmitter T and the receiver R tilted at a predetermined angle. When the ultrasonic waves are reflected from the grain culm at a predetermined angle, the ultrasonic waves are reflected from the grain culm at a predetermined angle and received by the receiver R, and the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17 detects the Doppler frequency. ing.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and when the grain culm harvested by the reaping device 3 is conveyed and supplied to the threshing device 4 by the vertical conveyance device 5 for threshing, the grain culm is supplied into the handling chamber 41. The sensor 14 detects the passage of the grain culm, that is, the grain culm contacts the detection arm 13 of this sensor 14, closing its normally open contact 14a and closing the automatic handling depth logic circuit 19 to switch it into operation. .

Thus, when the length of the grain culm is normal and the handling depth is within the set range, the ultrasonic wave reflected from the long culm detection device 7, that is, the transmitter T, and received by the receiver R has a Doppler effect. There is no frequency, there is no output signal from the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17, and the ultrasonic wave from the short culm detection device 8, that is, the transmitter _T1 , hits the grain culm, and the reflected ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the receiver _R1. The Doppler frequency is detected from the reflected ultrasound by the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17a, and is input from the circuit 17a to the logic circuit 19 via the current conversion circuit 18. Each solenoid of valve SV ₁ SOL ₁ , SOL ₂
Therefore, the solenoid valve SV ₁ is maintained in the neutral position and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 15 is unloaded into the tank 16 without sending it to the piston device 10 to maintain a constant handling depth. It is maintained. In such a state, when a long grain culm is supplied to the handling chamber 41, the ultrasonic wave from the transmitter T of the long culm detection device 7 comes into contact with the tip of the grain culm, and the reflected ultrasonic wave from the grain culm is The sound waves will be received by the receiver R, and this received signal will be sent to the Doppler frequency detection circuit 1.
7, the Doppler frequency is detected by this Doppler frequency detection circuit 17, and the Doppler frequency is detected by this Doppler frequency detection circuit 17.
An output signal is emitted from 7 and inputted via a frequency-current conversion circuit 18 to an automatic handling depth logic circuit 19, from which the solenoid of the solenoid valve SV ₁ is transmitted.
SOL ₁ is output, the solenoid SOL ₁ is energized, the solenoid valve SV ₁ is switched from the neutral position to one side, and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 15 is transferred to the piston device 1.
0 to the rod side chamber, thereby driving the piston 12 in the piston device 10 backward,
The vertical conveyance device 5 is swung downward relative to the machine body 1 to adjust the insertion depth of the grain culm into the handling chamber 41 to be shallow, and this adjustment also increases the depth of the long culm detection device 7. When the output signal disappears, the output from the logic circuit 19 to the solenoid SOL ₁ disappears, the energization is cut off, the solenoid valve SV ₁ returns to the neutral position, and the piston 12 in the piston device 10 is driven backward. This is to stop it and maintain a certain depth of handling.

Moreover, when short grain culms are supplied to the handling chamber 41,
The Doppler frequency disappears from the reflected ultrasonic wave received by the receiver _R1 from the transmitter _T1 of the short culm detection device 8, and the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17a detects the absence of the Doppler frequency, and the same detection circuit 17a as described above detects the absence of the Doppler frequency. An output is provided from the logic circuit 19 to the solenoid of the solenoid valve SV ₁ via the current conversion circuit 18.
An output is generated to SOL ₂ , the solenoid SOL ₂ is energized, and the solenoid valve SV ₁ is switched from the neutral position to the other side.
Pressure oil is supplied to the head side chamber of the piston device 10 to drive the piston 12 forward, and the vertical conveyance device 5
is swung upwards with respect to the machine body 1 to move the grain culm handling chamber 4
When the grain culm is positioned below the short culm detection device 8, the output signal from the short culm detection device 8 disappears, and the logic circuit 19 Solenoid SOL ₂
The output to the solenoid valve SV1 is cut off, the solenoid valve _SV1 returns to the neutral position, and the forward movement of the piston 12 in the piston device 10 is stopped to maintain a constant handling depth.

The long and short culm detection devices 7 and 8 perform the above-mentioned control by detecting the conveying speed of the grain culm without contacting the grain culm, and the grain culm is not in normal condition in the handling room 41. If the grain culm does not have a conveying speed even though it is in the position, for example, if the grain culm below the short culm detection device 8 stops for some reason, the ultrasonic wave from the transmitter T ₁ of the short culm detection device 8 comes into contact with the grain culm, and the reflected ultrasonic wave is received by the receiver _R1 , but the Doppler frequency is not detected from this reflected ultrasonic wave, and the Doppler frequency detection circuit 17a
This will detect that the grain culm is stagnant. Therefore, the malfunction detection circuit of the logic circuit 19 can determine whether or not the grain culm has stopped in the detection circuit 17a, and can be notified by an alarm device (not shown) or the like.

As explained above, the present invention provides a combine harvester configured to include a long and short culm detection device in a grain culm conveyance path to control a handling depth adjustment device, in which the long and short culm detection device includes an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver. the transmitter above the grain culm conveying surface, and
The transmitter is arranged so that the radiation direction of the ultrasonic wave radiated from the transmitter is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culm moving on the grain culm transport surface, and the receiver is arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culm moving on the grain culm transport surface. Since the receiver is disposed above and at a position to receive the reflected waves from the grain culm, the receiver can accurately receive the reflected waves from the grain culm moving on the grain culm conveyance surface, and the It is possible to reliably detect the long and short culms of grain culms moving on a surface, and also to accurately detect the conveyance state.Moreover, the radiation direction of the ultrasonic waves is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culms. Therefore, if there is no grain culm on the grain culm conveying surface, even if the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter hit the grain culm conveying surface, the reflected ultrasonic waves will not be emitted from the transmitter. It is possible to accurately and reliably detect the long and short culms of the grain culms on the grain culm conveying surface without interfering with the ultrasonic waves transmitted or being received by a receiver and causing erroneous detection;
By controlling the handling depth adjusting device based on this detection result, the handling depth of grain culms can always be appropriately adjusted during the threshing operation of the combine harvester.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the main parts of the handling depth adjustment device, Fig. 3 is an electric circuit diagram, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the detection state of the detection device. It is. 41... Handling room, 7... Long culm detection device, 8... Short culm detection device, 9... Handling depth adjustment device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a combine harvester configured to include a long and short culm detection device in a grain culm conveyance path to control a handling depth adjustment device, the long and short culm detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver, and the transmitter is arranged above the grain culm conveying surface and such that the radiation direction of the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the moving direction of the grain culm moving on the grain culm conveying surface. , a grain culm handling depth adjustment device, wherein the receiver is disposed above the grain culm conveying surface and at a position to receive reflected waves from the grain culm. combine.