JPH0232149B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0232149B2 JPH0232149B2 JP59180405A JP18040584A JPH0232149B2 JP H0232149 B2 JPH0232149 B2 JP H0232149B2 JP 59180405 A JP59180405 A JP 59180405A JP 18040584 A JP18040584 A JP 18040584A JP H0232149 B2 JPH0232149 B2 JP H0232149B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- target screen
- braille
- image
- density distribution
- analog signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 101100328887 Caenorhabditis elegans col-34 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/32—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for printing in Braille or with keyboards specially adapted for use by blind or disabled persons
Landscapes
- Printers Characterized By Their Purpose (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、点字プリンタを用いて対象画面の画
像に対応する点画像を点字用紙上に描出する方法
に関する。
〔従来技術とその問題点〕
点字は縦３点、横２点の６つの組合せからな
り、点字用紙上に点出された突点によつて表現さ
れるが、この点字を構成する突点の集合を用いた
点字ではなく、通常の文字または固形を点字用紙
上に描出し、これにより盲人に文字または図形を
認識させることもできる。
しかしながら、このような点字用の突点による
文字または図形は、２階調表現であるため、文字
または簡単な図形は表現し得ても、画像の陰影お
よび遠近感までを表現することは不可能であつ
た。
〔発明の目的〕
そこで本発明は、陰影および遠近感をも表現し
た点画像を点字用紙上に形成しうる方法を提供す
ることを目的とする。
〔発明の概要〕
本発明は、互いに大きさの異なる突点を点字用
紙上に点出しうる点字プリンタを用意し、対象画
面をセンサで走査して対象画面の濃度分布をあら
わすアナログ信号を得、このアナログ信号を、前
記対象画面の濃度を複数段階の階調としてあらわ
すデジタルコードに変換し、このデジタルコード
にもとづいて前記点字プリンタに入力して対象画
面上の位置に対応する点字用紙上の位置に、前記
階調に対応する大きさの突点を点出することによ
つて上記目的を達成している。
〔発明の実施例〕
以下図面を参照して本発明の実施例について詳
細に説明する。第１図は本発明に適用される装置
のブロツク図で、１は対象画面２を走査して対象
画面の濃度分布をあらわすアナログ信号を発生す
る光センサ、３はこのアナログ信号をデジタルコ
ードに変換するＡ−Ｄ変換回路、４はこのＡ−Ｄ
変換回路３の出力であるデジタルコードを対象画
面２上に濃度分布に対応する配列をもつて書きこ
むためのRAM、５はCPU、６は点字用紙７上に
突点をプリントする点字プリンタである。なお、
本実施例の場合、RAM４に対するデータ書きこ
み時には、点字プリンタ６に光センサ１が取付け
られて、点字プリンタ６が対象画面２の画像の読
取り装置として動作するようになされているが点
字プリンタ６とは別個の画像読取り装置を用いて
もよいことは勿論である。８は点字プリンタ６の
動作プログラムを入力するための入力装置、９は
上記動作プログラムが書きこまれるPROMであ
る。
第２図はＡ−Ｄ変換回路３を含む画像読取り回
路の回路図で、Ａ−Ｄ変換回路３は、対象画面の
濃度を４階調で表現するために３個のコンパレー
タ１１，１２および１３による並列形Ａ−Ｄ変換
回路を備えている。各コンパレータのしきい値と
しての基準電圧V1，V2およびV3（但しV1＞V2＞
V3）はそれぞれ可変抵抗器VR1，VR2および
VR3を介して与えられる。光センサ１は光源１４
とフオトトランジスタ１５とよりなり、対象画面
２をこの光センサ１で走査して、対象画面の濃度
分布をあらわすアナログ信号を発生し、このアナ
ログ信号が各コンパレータ１１，１２および１３
に入力信号として与えられる。各コンパレータの
基準電圧V1，V2およびV3と光センサ１の出力電
圧VAとの関係、およびそのときの各コンパレー
タ１１，１２および１３の２値化出力は第３図お
よび下記の第表であらわされる。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for drawing a dot image corresponding to an image on a target screen on Braille paper using a Braille printer. [Prior art and its problems] Braille consists of six combinations of three dots vertically and two dots horizontally, and is expressed by dots placed on Braille paper. Rather than Braille using sets, ordinary characters or solid characters can be drawn on Braille paper, thereby allowing blind people to recognize the characters or figures. However, since characters or figures using such dots for Braille are expressed in two gradations, it is possible to express letters or simple figures, but it is impossible to express the shading and perspective of the image. It was hot. [Object of the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method that can form a dot image on Braille paper that also expresses shadows and perspective. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a Braille printer capable of printing protruding points of different sizes on Braille paper, scans the target screen with a sensor to obtain an analog signal representing the density distribution of the target screen, This analog signal is converted into a digital code that represents the density of the target screen as multiple gradations, and based on this digital code, it is input to the Braille printer to position the Braille paper corresponding to the position on the target screen. In addition, the above object is achieved by highlighting protrusions of a size corresponding to the gradation. [Embodiments of the Invention] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a device applied to the present invention, in which 1 is an optical sensor that scans a target screen 2 and generates an analog signal representing the density distribution of the target screen, and 3 converts this analog signal into a digital code. 4 is this A-D conversion circuit.
A RAM is used to write the digital code output from the conversion circuit 3 onto the target screen 2 in an array corresponding to the density distribution, 5 is a CPU, and 6 is a Braille printer that prints peaks on Braille paper 7. . In addition,
In the case of this embodiment, when writing data to the RAM 4, the optical sensor 1 is attached to the Braille printer 6 so that the Braille printer 6 operates as a device for reading the image on the target screen 2. Of course, a separate image reading device may be used. 8 is an input device for inputting an operating program for the Braille printer 6, and 9 is a PROM into which the above operating program is written. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an image reading circuit including an A-D converter circuit 3. The A-D converter circuit 3 has three comparators 11, 12 and 13 in order to express the density of the target screen in four gradations. It is equipped with a parallel type A-D conversion circuit. Reference voltages V 1 , V 2 and V 3 as threshold values of each comparator (however, V 1 > V 2 >
V 3 ) are variable resistors VR 1 , VR 2 and
Given via VR 3 . The optical sensor 1 is the light source 14
and a phototransistor 15, the target screen 2 is scanned by the optical sensor 1 to generate an analog signal representing the density distribution of the target screen, and this analog signal is sent to each comparator 11, 12, and 13.
is given as an input signal. The relationship between the reference voltages V 1 , V 2 and V 3 of each comparator and the output voltage V A of the optical sensor 1 and the binary output of each comparator 11, 12 and 13 at that time are shown in Figure 3 and below. Represented in a table.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれ
ば対象画面の画像を読みとつてこれを点字用紙上
に大きさの異なる突点を点出することにより例え
ば４階調で表現された点画像を描出することが可
能になり、したがつて画像の陰影および遠近感を
も突点で表現することができるから、この種の点
画像の利用範囲を大幅に拡張することができる。
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, by reading an image on a target screen and placing protrusions of different sizes on Braille paper, a dot image is created, for example, in four gradations. Since it is possible to express the shadow and perspective of an image using salient points, the range of use of this type of point image can be greatly expanded.
第１図は本発明に適用される装置のブロツク
図、第２図は画像読取り回路の回路図、第３図は
コンパレータの基準電圧と画像濃度との関係を示
す図、第４図は点字プリント用ヘツドの正面図、
第５図はその平面図、第６図はその側面図、第７
図はピン台の斜視図、第８図は点字プリント用ヘ
ツドの点ピンの配置を示す平面図、第９図は点字
プリント用ヘツドの一方のピンホルダを除去した
状態を示す正面図、第１０図はハンマーの先端部
の斜視図、第１１図は点字プリンタの要部の正面
図、第１２図はその平面図、第１３図はその側面
断面図である。
図面において、１は光センサ、２は対象画面、
３はＡ−Ｄ変換回路、４はRAM、５はCPU、６
は点字プリンタ、７は点字用紙、８は入力装置、
９はPROM、１１〜１３はコンパレータ、１４
は光源、１５はフオトトランジスタ、１６〜18は
フリツプフロツプ、１９は書きこみ用パルス発生
器、２０はクリア用押釦スイツチ、２１は液晶数
字表示器、２３はコントロールステートバス、３
０は点字プリント用ヘツド、３１，３２はピンホ
ルダ、３３，３４は軸、３５はピン台、３６，３
６ａ，３６ｂ，３６ｃは点ピン、３９は作動用ワ
イヤ、４１はハンマー、４４はキヤリツジ、４５
はソレノイド、４８，４９，５１はレール、５
０，５３はエンドレスベルト、５２はベアリン
グ、５４はハンマーアームをそれぞれ示す。
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the device applied to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the image reading circuit, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the reference voltage of the comparator and the image density, and Fig. 4 is the Braille print. front view of the head,
Figure 5 is its plan view, Figure 6 is its side view, and Figure 7 is its top view.
The figure is a perspective view of the pin stand, Figure 8 is a plan view showing the arrangement of dot pins on the Braille print head, Figure 9 is a front view of the Braille print head with one pin holder removed, and Figure 10 11 is a front view of the essential parts of the Braille printer, FIG. 12 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 13 is a side sectional view thereof. In the drawing, 1 is a light sensor, 2 is a target screen,
3 is A-D conversion circuit, 4 is RAM, 5 is CPU, 6
is a Braille printer, 7 is a Braille paper, 8 is an input device,
9 is PROM, 11 to 13 are comparators, 14
15 is a light source, 15 is a phototransistor, 16 to 18 are flip-flops, 19 is a write pulse generator, 20 is a clear push button switch, 21 is a liquid crystal numeric display, 23 is a control state bus, 3
0 is a braille printing head, 31 and 32 are pin holders, 33 and 34 are shafts, 35 is a pin stand, 36 and 3
6a, 36b, 36c are dot pins, 39 is an operating wire, 41 is a hammer, 44 is a carriage, 45
is the solenoid, 48, 49, 51 are the rails, 5
0 and 53 indicate an endless belt, 52 a bearing, and 54 a hammer arm, respectively.
Claims (1)
センサから前記対象画面の濃度分布をあらわす
アナログ信号を得、 (b) このアナログ信号を、前記対象画面の濃度を
複数段階の階調としてあらわすデジタルコード
に変換し、 (c) このデジタルコードを前記対象画面の濃度分
布に対応する配列をもつてメモリ装置に書きこ
み、 (d) このメモリ装置に書きこまれた前記デジタル
コードの配列をその配列順に読み出して、互い
に大きさの異なる突点を点字用紙上に点出しう
る点字プリンタに入力し、 (e) この点字プリンタにより前記対象画面上の位
置に対応する前記点字用紙上の位置に、前記階
調に対応する大きさの突点を点出し、 (f) 前記点字用紙上に前記対象画面の画像に対応
する点画像を形成することを特徴とする点画像
形成方法。 ２ 前記デジタルコードが、前記対象画面の濃度
を４段階の階調をもつてあらわすものよりなり、
前記突点が、大、中、小の３種類の突点よりなる
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方
法。[Claims] 1 (a) A target screen is scanned by an optical sensor to obtain an analog signal representing the density distribution of the target screen from the optical sensor, and (b) this analog signal is used to scan the target screen as a density distribution of the target screen. (c) write this digital code into a memory device with an arrangement corresponding to the density distribution of the target screen; (d) write the (e) reading out the arrangement of the digital codes in the order in which they are arranged and inputting them into a Braille printer capable of marking points of different sizes on Braille paper; (f) forming a point image corresponding to the image of the target screen on the Braille paper; (f) forming a point image corresponding to the image of the target screen on the Braille paper; Image forming method. 2. The digital code is comprised of one that expresses the density of the target screen in four levels of gradation,
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions include three types of protrusions: large, medium, and small.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59180405A JPS6158765A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Dotted image forming process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59180405A JPS6158765A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Dotted image forming process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6158765A JPS6158765A (en) | 1986-03-26 |
| JPH0232149B2 true JPH0232149B2 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
Family
ID=16082667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59180405A Granted JPS6158765A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Dotted image forming process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6158765A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6347787A (en) * | 1986-08-16 | 1988-02-29 | 小川 靖彦 | Touch pattern printer |
| US4930914A (en) * | 1988-04-11 | 1990-06-05 | K Enterprises, Inc. | Apparatus for making tactile impressions on paper |
-
1984
- 1984-08-31 JP JP59180405A patent/JPS6158765A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6158765A (en) | 1986-03-26 |
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