JPH0233685B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0233685B2 JPH0233685B2 JP61263867A JP26386786A JPH0233685B2 JP H0233685 B2 JPH0233685 B2 JP H0233685B2 JP 61263867 A JP61263867 A JP 61263867A JP 26386786 A JP26386786 A JP 26386786A JP H0233685 B2 JPH0233685 B2 JP H0233685B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gymnemic acid
- sugar
- purified
- caries
- bacteria
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/364—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
- A23G3/368—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins containing vitamins, antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/34—Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/27—Asclepiadaceae (Milkweed family), e.g. hoya
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
Ａ 発明の目的
(1) 産業上の利用分野
本発明は、虫歯の予防に用いられる抗齲蝕剤に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Object of the Invention (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an anti-caries agent used for preventing dental caries.
(2) 従来の技術
虫歯（齲歯）は古くから人類を悩ませ、特に、
「砂糖の消費は文明のバロメータ」と称される頃
から砂糖と齲蝕との関係は注目され、その予防法
については多くの研究実績が積み重ねられてい
る。(2) Conventional technology Tooth decay (caries) has plagued humankind since ancient times, and in particular,
The relationship between sugar and dental caries has been attracting attention ever since sugar consumption was called the barometer of civilization, and many studies have been conducted on prevention methods.
従来、齲蝕予防法の基本的な考え方は、殺菌剤
や抗生物質の投与により連鎖球菌の一種である齲
蝕原生細菌（Streptococcus mutans）を口腔内
から排除する、抗齲蝕性人工甘味物質を用いるよ
うにして砂糖を摂取しない、歯質を強化して齲蝕
原生細菌の侵襲に抗する等である。 Conventionally, the basic idea of caries prevention methods has been to eliminate cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, a type of streptococcus) from the oral cavity by administering bactericides and antibiotics, and to use anti-caries artificial sweeteners. These include avoiding the intake of sugar and strengthening the tooth structure to resist invasion by cariogenic bacteria.
ところが近年になつて、齲蝕は口腔内の齲蝕原
生細菌が砂糖を分解して粘り気の強いグルカン
（多糖体）を生成し、それが歯の表面に付着して
歯垢（プラーク）を形成することから始まると提
唱され、この歯垢形成が齲蝕の根源であること
は、今や学界の定説とされている。 However, in recent years, it has become clear that dental caries is caused by cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity decomposing sugar and producing sticky glucan (polysaccharide), which adheres to the tooth surface and forms dental plaque. It has been proposed that this plaque formation is the root cause of dental caries, and it is now an established theory in academic circles.
このような観点より、前記齲蝕予防法に加え、
グルカンの生成を抑制して歯の表面における歯垢
の形成を阻止するようにすれば、虫歯を確実に予
防することができることになる。 From this perspective, in addition to the caries prevention methods mentioned above,
By suppressing the production of glucan and preventing the formation of dental plaque on the tooth surface, dental caries can be reliably prevented.
(3) 発明が解決しようとする問題点
そこで、抗齲蝕剤を求めて多くの研究者が鋭意
研鑽に励んでいるが、現在のところ効果的な抗齲
蝕剤は得られていない。(3) Problems to be solved by the invention Therefore, many researchers are working hard to find an anti-caries agent, but so far no effective anti-caries agent has been obtained.
本発明は前記に鑑み、歯垢の形成阻止効果の高
い前記抗齲蝕剤を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned anti-caries agent which is highly effective in inhibiting the formation of dental plaque.
Ｂ 発明の構成
(1) 問題点を解決するための手段
本発明に係る抗齲蝕剤は、ギムネマ・シルベス
タから得られる精製ギムネマ酸よりなることを特
徴とする。B. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems The anti-caries agent according to the present invention is characterized by comprising purified gymnemic acid obtained from Gymnema sylvestre.
(2) 作用
前記ギムネマ・シルベスタ（Gymnema
sylvestre、以下GSと称す）は、インド、アフリ
カおよび中国に自生する植物であり、その葉また
は茎から抽出され、且つ精製されたギムネマ酸
は、前記齲蝕原生細菌によるグルカンの生成を抑
制し、歯垢の形成を確実に阻止する作用を有す
る。(2) Effects Gymnema sylvestre (Gymnema sylvestre)
sylvestre (hereinafter referred to as GS) is a plant that grows naturally in India, Africa, and China. Gymnemic acid extracted from its leaves or stems and purified suppresses the production of glucan by the cariogenic bacteria and improves dental health. It has the effect of reliably preventing the formation of scales.
なお、ギムネマ酸は、低カロリー飲食物に用い
られて砂糖（サツカロース）等の腸管からの吸収
を抑制する作用を有するもので、この点について
は本出願人が既に提案しており（特開昭61−5023
号公報参照）、したがつてギムネマ酸は人体に対
して無害である。 Gymnemic acid is used in low-calorie foods and drinks and has the effect of suppressing the absorption of sugar (sucrose) etc. from the intestinal tract, and the applicant has already proposed this point (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 61−5023
Therefore, gymnemic acid is harmless to the human body.
(3) 実施例
〔ギムネマ酸の抽出および精製〕
GS乾燥葉200ｇを60℃の温水中に約５時間浸
し、これを４〜５回繰返して粗製ギムネマ酸を含
む温水抽出液を得る。この温水抽出操作は、最初
からアルコールを用いて抽出すると、葉緑素、脂
質類が溶出されてくるので、これを避けるために
行われる。(3) Examples [Extraction and purification of gymnemic acid] 200 g of GS dried leaves are immersed in warm water at 60°C for about 5 hours, and this is repeated 4 to 5 times to obtain a hot water extract containing crude gymnemic acid. This hot water extraction operation is performed to avoid chlorophyll and lipids from being eluted if alcohol is used for extraction from the beginning.
温水抽出液を2N硫酸でPH３に調整して、粗製
ギムネマ酸を含む沈澱物を得る。 The hot water extract is adjusted to pH 3 with 2N sulfuric acid to obtain a precipitate containing crude gymnemic acid.
沈澱物を、15000rpm、15分間の条件の下で遠
心沈降を行うことにより集め、その集合物を水で
洗浄後、エタノールにより４〜５回抽出してエタ
ノール抽出液を得る。このエタノール抽出操作
は、沈澱物からタンパク質、多糖類等を除くため
に行われる。 The precipitate is collected by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 15 minutes, and the aggregate is washed with water and then extracted with ethanol 4 to 5 times to obtain an ethanol extract. This ethanol extraction operation is performed to remove proteins, polysaccharides, etc. from the precipitate.
エタノール抽出液を減圧下で濃縮し、その濃縮
物に、容量でそれの２倍量のアセトンを加えた
後、遠心沈降を行う。 The ethanol extract is concentrated under reduced pressure, and twice its volume of acetone is added to the concentrate, followed by centrifugation.
粗製ギムネマ酸を含む、遠心沈降後の上澄液を
減圧下で濃縮乾固し、これに溶媒として炭酸ジエ
チルを加えて沸点下で数回抽出を繰返す。 The supernatant containing crude gymnemic acid after centrifugal sedimentation is concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure, diethyl carbonate is added as a solvent, and extraction is repeated several times at boiling point.
前記溶媒から析出したものを集め、これを蒸発
乾固して高速液体クロマトグラフイに通す。大型
カラムに逆相系担体（C18）を充填し、移動相が
水：メタノール＝１：１の割合からメタノール
100％となるように緩徐に溶出すると、メチノー
ル濃度70〜80％の部分に、精製されたギムネマ酸
が溶出する。これを蒸発乾固してPH７に調整する
と、ギムネマ酸はNa塩、Ｋ塩またはNH4塩とし
て得られる。この精製ギムネマ酸は一種のサポニ
ン（配糖体）である。精製ギムネマ酸の収量は、
GS乾燥葉100ｇ当り0.1〜0.5重量％である。 The precipitate from the solvent is collected, evaporated to dryness and passed through high performance liquid chromatography. A large column was packed with a reversed-phase carrier (C 18 ), and the mobile phase was changed from water to methanol at a ratio of 1:1 to methanol.
When slowly eluting to 100%, purified gymnemic acid will be eluted in the area where the methanol concentration is 70-80%. When this is evaporated to dryness and the pH is adjusted to 7, gymnemic acid is obtained as Na salt, K salt, or NH 4 salt. This purified gymnemic acid is a type of saponin (glycoside). The yield of purified gymnemic acid is
It is 0.1 to 0.5% by weight per 100g of GS dry leaves.
検定例
被検試料として、前記抽出段階で得られた温水
抽出液、PH３における沈澱物およびPH３における
上澄液ならびに精製ギムネマ酸を選定する。前記
温水抽出液、沈澱物および上澄液について、濃度
が0.1、１、10mg／mlの溶液を調製する。また精
製ギムネマ酸については濃度が0.1、１、10mM
の溶液を調製する。Assay Example The hot water extract obtained in the extraction step, the precipitate at PH3, the supernatant at PH3, and purified gymnemic acid are selected as test samples. Solutions with concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/ml are prepared from the hot water extract, precipitate, and supernatant. In addition, the concentration of purified gymnemic acid is 0.1, 1, and 10mM.
Prepare a solution of
液体培地（TTY基礎培地）として、砂糖（サ
ツカロース）を含有してない培地、30mMの砂糖
を含有する培地、および30mMの砂糖に前記各溶
液を個別に含有させた培地を調製し、各液体培地
に齲蝕原生細菌（Streptococcus mutans、
Ｄ 973株）を100μl／４mlを植菌し、37℃にて48
時間の試験管培養を行う。 As a liquid medium (TTY basal medium), a medium containing no sugar (sucrose), a medium containing 30mM sugar, and a medium containing each of the above solutions individually in 30mM sugar were prepared, and each liquid medium was cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans,
D 973 strain) was inoculated at 100μl/4ml and incubated at 37℃ for 48 hours.
Perform test tube culture for an hour.
前記各液体培地において、生成されたグルカン
に伴う歯垢形成の程度は、その歯垢を粉砕した
後、波長660nmの濁度計を用いてクレツト単位
（Klett unit）を測定することにより行われる。 The degree of dental plaque formation associated with the glucan produced in each of the above liquid media is determined by pulverizing the dental plaque and measuring Klett units using a turbidity meter with a wavelength of 660 nm.
図面は前記測定結果を示す。砂糖を含有してい
ない液体培地（No Suc）ではグルカンの生成、
したがつて歯垢の形成はなく、測定値は２クレツ
ト単位以下であるが、30mMの砂糖を含有する液
体培地（30mM Suc）では約100クレツト単位と
なる。 The drawings show the measurement results. In a liquid medium that does not contain sugar (No Suc), glucan production,
Therefore, there is no plaque formation, and the measured value is less than 2 Crets units, but in a liquid medium containing 30mM sugar (30mM Suc) it is about 100 Crets units.
30mMの砂糖および精製ギムネマ酸を含有する
液体培地（GA）において、精製ギムネマ酸を
1mM以上含有すると、測定値は前記No Sucの場
合と同じ２クレツト単位であり、歯垢の形成が阻
止されている。ただし、精製ギムネマ酸の含有量
が0.1mM以下では、前記歯垢形成阻止効果は得
られない。 Purified gymnemic acid in liquid medium (GA) containing 30mM sugar and purified gymnemic acid.
When the content is 1mM or more, the measured value is 2 cret units, which is the same as in the case of No Suc, and the formation of dental plaque is inhibited. However, if the content of purified gymnemic acid is 0.1 mM or less, the above-mentioned plaque formation inhibiting effect cannot be obtained.
30mMの砂糖およびPH３における沈澱物を含有
する液体培地（PH３ ppt）では、各濃度におい
て歯垢形成阻止効果は得られない。 In a liquid medium containing 30mM sugar and precipitate at PH3 (PH3 ppt), no plaque formation inhibiting effect is obtained at each concentration.
30mMの砂糖およびPH３における上澄液を含有
する液体培地（Sup）、ならびに30mMの砂糖お
よび温水抽出液を含有する液体培地（Deco）で
は、逆に歯垢形成促進効果が現れる。 A liquid medium containing 30mM sugar and supernatant at PH3 (Sup) and a liquid medium containing 30mM sugar and hot water extract (Deco) have an opposite plaque formation promoting effect.
以上の結果より、歯垢形成阻止のためには精製
ギムネマ酸を1mM以上含有するのが望ましく、
また粗製ギムネマ酸を含有する前記Supおよび
Decoの場合は歯垢形成促進効果が現れるため、
ギムネマ酸を十分に精製することは必須要件とな
る。 From the above results, it is desirable to contain 1mM or more of purified gymnemic acid in order to prevent plaque formation.
Also, the above Sup containing crude gymnemic acid and
In the case of Deco, it has the effect of promoting plaque formation, so
Sufficient purification of gymnemic acid is an essential requirement.
検定例
56mMのブドウ糖を含有する液体培地（TTY
基礎培地）に検定例と同一の齲蝕原生細菌を植
菌し、これに種々の濃度の精製ギムネマ酸を添加
して37℃にて48時間の試験管培養を行い、齲蝕原
生細菌の生育阻害効果の有無を調べる。菌量は、
波長660nmの濃度計を用いてクレツト単位を測定
することにより行われる。植菌時の菌量は10クレ
ツト単位である。Assay example Liquid medium containing 56mM glucose (TTY
The same cariogenic bacteria as in the test example were inoculated into a basal medium), purified gymnemic acid was added at various concentrations, and cultured in test tubes at 37°C for 48 hours to determine the growth inhibition effect of cariogenic bacteria. Check for the presence or absence of. The amount of bacteria is
This is done by measuring Cret units using a densitometer with a wavelength of 660 nm. The amount of bacteria at the time of inoculation is 10 units.
前記試験管培養後において、精製ギムネマ酸無
添加の液体培地では菌量が100クレツト単位であ
るが、精製ギムネマ酸を10mM添加した液体培地
では菌量は極度に減少して、40クレツト単位であ
る。ただし、精製ギムネマ酸の添加量が1mMで
は菌量の減少は少なく、80クレツト単位である。 After the test tube culture, the amount of bacteria in the liquid medium without purified gymnemic acid is 100 Kret units, but in the liquid medium with 10mM of purified gymnemic acid added, the amount of bacteria is extremely reduced to 40 Kret units. . However, when the amount of purified gymnemic acid added was 1 mM, the decrease in the amount of bacteria was small, at 80 Cret units.
また、齲蝕原生細菌は、ブドウ糖が存在しなけ
れば増殖することができず、ブドウ糖を含まない
液体培地に植菌した場合の菌量は、植菌時と変ら
ず、10クレツト単位であることが確認されてい
る。 In addition, cariogenic bacteria cannot proliferate in the absence of glucose, and when inoculated into a liquid medium that does not contain glucose, the amount of bacteria is the same as when inoculated, and is estimated to be 10 cret units. Confirmed.
さらに、齲蝕原生細菌はブドウ糖存在下で増殖
しても、砂糖が存在しなければグルカンの生成、
したがつて歯垢を形成しないことも確認されてい
る。 Furthermore, even if cariogenic bacteria proliferate in the presence of glucose, they produce glucan in the absence of sugar.
Therefore, it has also been confirmed that dental plaque does not form.
以上の結果より、齲蝕原生細菌の生育を顕著に
抑制するためには精製ギムネマ酸を10mM以上含
有することが必要である。 From the above results, in order to significantly suppress the growth of cariogenic bacteria, it is necessary to contain 10 mM or more of purified gymnemic acid.
したがつて、検定例，より歯垢の形成を阻
止し、また齲蝕原生細菌の生育を抑制するには、
精製ギムネマ酸を10mM以上含有するのが良く、
その具体的使用例としては精製ギムネマ酸を含有
する歯磨、チユーインガム、砂糖等を挙げること
ができる。また予防剤として単独使用も可能であ
る。 Therefore, in order to further inhibit the formation of dental plaque and the growth of cariogenic bacteria,
It is better to contain 10mM or more of purified gymnemic acid,
Specific examples of its use include toothpaste, chewing gum, sugar, etc. containing purified gymnemic acid. It can also be used alone as a preventive agent.
Ｃ 発明の効果
本発明によれば、精製ギムネマ酸の抗齲蝕効果
によつて、砂糖やデンプン質を含む通常の飲食物
を摂取しても、虫歯の発生を確実に回避し得る抗
齲蝕剤を提供することができる。C. Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, an anti-caries agent that can reliably avoid the occurrence of cavities even when normal foods and drinks containing sugar and starch are ingested is provided by the anti-caries effect of purified gymnemic acid. can be provided.
図面は各種液体培地の、波長660nmにおけるク
レツト単位を示すグラフである。
The figure is a graph showing Cret units at a wavelength of 660 nm for various liquid media.
Claims (1)
ネマ酸よりなることを特徴とする抗齲蝕剤。1. An anti-caries agent comprising purified gymnemic acid obtained from Gymnema sylvestre.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61263867A JPS63119416A (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1986-11-07 | anti-caries agent |
| US07/117,587 US4912089A (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1987-11-06 | Cariostatic materials and foods, and method for preventing dental caries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61263867A JPS63119416A (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1986-11-07 | anti-caries agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63119416A JPS63119416A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| JPH0233685B2 true JPH0233685B2 (en) | 1990-07-30 |
Family
ID=17395347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61263867A Granted JPS63119416A (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1986-11-07 | anti-caries agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63119416A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2551012B2 (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1996-11-06 | ライオン株式会社 | Oral composition |
| JP2736794B2 (en) * | 1988-12-26 | 1998-04-02 | 千寿製薬株式会社 | Plaque formation inhibitor |
| JP4672096B2 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2011-04-20 | 日本ゼトック株式会社 | Anti-caries agent and oral composition containing the same |
| WO2015192015A2 (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Four LLC | Sweet taste receptor antagonist compositions |
-
1986
- 1986-11-07 JP JP61263867A patent/JPS63119416A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63119416A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
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