JPH0236290B2 - GASUBUNRIMAKU - Google Patents
GASUBUNRIMAKUInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0236290B2 JPH0236290B2 JP20577483A JP20577483A JPH0236290B2 JP H0236290 B2 JPH0236290 B2 JP H0236290B2 JP 20577483 A JP20577483 A JP 20577483A JP 20577483 A JP20577483 A JP 20577483A JP H0236290 B2 JPH0236290 B2 JP H0236290B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- separation
- cmhg
- sec
- separation membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はガス分離膜、特に膜分離法により天然
ガス中からヘリウムを選択性よく効率的に分離取
得し得る分離膜に係るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gas separation membrane, and particularly to a separation membrane that can efficiently separate and obtain helium from natural gas with good selectivity by a membrane separation method.
ヘリウムガスは例えば核融合反応、リニアモー
ター等の超導電用の極低温媒体として有用であ
り、今後かなりの量の使用が見込まれる。 Helium gas is useful as a cryogenic medium for superconductivity in nuclear fusion reactions, linear motors, etc., and is expected to be used in considerable quantities in the future.
かかるヘリウムは天然ガスや空気中に含まれ、
特に天然ガス中にはかなり多量に含まれている。
従来ヘリウムはこの様な天然ガスから深冷分離等
の手段により分離取得されてきたが、これは設備
的にかなり大規模となり、操作的にも保守管理的
にもかなり煩雑なものであつた。 Such helium is found in natural gas and air,
In particular, it is contained in considerable amounts in natural gas.
Conventionally, helium has been separated and obtained from such natural gas by means such as cryogenic separation, but this requires a fairly large-scale facility and is quite complicated in terms of operation and maintenance.
更に、前記の如き超電導に用いたヘリウムガス
の回収に当つては従来それ程有効な手段は提案さ
れていない。 Furthermore, no very effective means have been proposed so far for recovering the helium gas used for superconductivity as described above.
他方、混合ガス中からヘリウムを得る方法とし
て膜分離法が提案されている。この方法は直接ヘ
リウムガスが得られ、操作的に簡単であり、又経
済的にも有利である。この様な分離膜として代表
されるものにオルガノポリシロキサン系の膜が
種々提案されている。この膜は一般に酸素に対す
る透過速度や酸素分離系数(PO2/PN2)について
は比較的満足し得るものの、ヘリウムガスについ
ては分離係数が小さく、実用性についてあまり期
待し得るものでない。 On the other hand, a membrane separation method has been proposed as a method for obtaining helium from a mixed gas. This method allows helium gas to be obtained directly, is operationally simple, and is economically advantageous. Various organopolysiloxane membranes have been proposed as typical examples of such separation membranes. Although this membrane is generally relatively satisfactory in terms of oxygen permeation rate and oxygen separation system number (P O2 /P N2 ), it has a small separation coefficient for helium gas and cannot be expected to be very practical.
本発明者はかかる点に鑑み、分離係数(PHe/
PN2)とヘリウムの透過速度が高いレベルでバラ
ンスし、しかもその性能が安定して持続し得る分
離膜を得ることを目的として種々研究、検討した
結果、特定のパーフルオロ化合物を膜素材として
用いることにより前記目的を達成し得ることを見
出した。 In view of this point, the present inventor determined the separation coefficient (P He /
As a result of various studies and examinations, we decided to use a specific perfluorinated compound as the membrane material with the aim of creating a separation membrane that has a high balance between the permeation rates of P N2 ) and helium, and whose performance is stable and long-lasting. It has been found that the above object can be achieved by the following.
かくして本発明は多孔質膜上にパーフルオロ−
3,6−ジオキサ(5−メチル)ノネン−1をプ
ラズマ重合せしめて成るガス分離膜を提供するに
ある。 Thus, the present invention provides perfluorinated membranes on porous membranes.
The object of the present invention is to provide a gas separation membrane formed by plasma polymerizing 3,6-dioxa(5-methyl)nonene-1.
本発明に用いられる多孔質膜としては、その物
性が平均細孔径10〜2000Å、空気の透過速度4×
10-1cm3/cm2・sec・cmHgを有するのが適当である。 The porous membrane used in the present invention has physical properties such as an average pore diameter of 10 to 2000 Å, and an air permeation rate of 4×
It is appropriate to have 10 -1 cm 3 /cm 2 ·sec·cmHg.
これら物性が前記範囲を逸脱する場合には充分
なガス透過速度が得難く、又超薄膜を積層する際
欠陥を生じ易くなる虞れがあるので好ましくな
い。 If these physical properties deviate from the above range, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient gas permeation rate, and defects may easily occur when laminating ultra-thin films, which is not preferable.
かかる膜の材質としては、例えばポリスルホ
ン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリエ
チレン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリテトラフル
オロエチレン等が挙げられる。 Examples of the material for such a membrane include polysulfone, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
そして本発明においては前述の多孔質支持膜上
にパーフルオロ−3,6−ジオキサ(5−メチ
ル)ノネン−1(PHVEと略称する)を薄膜状に
プラズマ重合せしめる。 In the present invention, perfluoro-3,6-dioxa(5-methyl)nonene-1 (abbreviated as PHVE) is plasma-polymerized into a thin film on the above-mentioned porous support membrane.
プラズマ重合に供せられるPHVEの調製は、
例えば次に示す一連の反応でヘキサフルオロプロ
ペンより製造される。 Preparation of PHVE to be subjected to plasma polymerization
For example, it is produced from hexafluoropropene through the following series of reactions.
又、プラズマ重合手段としては、モノマー供給
弁、電極、アース電極、アース電極冷却部、高周
波電源、ガラス製ベルジヤー、排気系より構成さ
れる。通常よく知られているベルジヤー型プラズ
マ重合装置を用いることが出来る。 The plasma polymerization means includes a monomer supply valve, an electrode, a ground electrode, a ground electrode cooling section, a high frequency power source, a glass bell gear, and an exhaust system. A commonly known Bergier type plasma polymerization apparatus can be used.
プラズマ重合条件としては前記ベルジヤー型プ
ラズマ重合装置を用いれば圧力0.01〜5torr、
PHVEの流量1〜1000cm3/min、高周波出力1〜
200Wを採用するのが適当である。前記以外の重
合装置を用いても、これらの条件を最適化してプ
ラズマ重合を行うのはこの技術に習熟している者
にとつて比較的容易である。 The plasma polymerization conditions are a pressure of 0.01 to 5 torr when using the above-mentioned Bergier type plasma polymerization apparatus.
PHVE flow rate 1~ 1000cm3 /min, high frequency output 1~
It is appropriate to adopt 200W. Even if a polymerization apparatus other than those described above is used, it is relatively easy for a person skilled in this technology to optimize these conditions and perform plasma polymerization.
プラズマ重合により多孔質膜上に設けられる
PHVE膜の厚さは0.01〜5.0μm、好ましくは0.03
〜1.0μm程度を採用するのが適当である。 Provided on porous membrane by plasma polymerization
The thickness of PHVE membrane is 0.01~5.0μm, preferably 0.03
It is appropriate to adopt a thickness of about 1.0 μm.
膜の厚さが前記範囲を逸脱する場合には膜に欠
陥を生じ易くなるか、又は充分なガス透過速度が
得難くなる等の虞れがあるので好ましくない。 If the thickness of the membrane deviates from the above range, it is not preferable because there is a risk that the membrane will be more likely to be defective or that it will be difficult to obtain a sufficient gas permeation rate.
かくして得られたガス分離膜は、特にヘリウム
に対する選択分離透過性が優れているが、その他
酸素や炭酸ガス等のガスに対する選択透過性も実
用的であり、これらガスの濃縮或は分離等にも有
用である。 The gas separation membrane thus obtained has particularly excellent selective separation permeability for helium, but also has practical selective permeability for other gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and can be used for concentrating or separating these gases. Useful.
次に本発明を実施例により説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained by examples.
実施例
ベルジヤー型プラズマ重合装置を用い、空気の
透過速度が4×10-2cm3/cm2・sec・cmHg、平均細
孔径が30Å、直径80mmのポリスルホン多孔質膜を
アース電極上に固定した。Example A polysulfone porous membrane with an air permeation rate of 4×10 -2 cm 3 /cm 2 ·sec·cmHg, an average pore diameter of 30 Å, and a diameter of 80 mm was fixed on a ground electrode using a Bergier type plasma polymerization apparatus. .
真空ポンプによりベルジヤー内を脱気し、排気
を続けながらモノマー供給バルブを通して
PHVEを40cm3/minで供給した。ベルジヤー内の
圧力は0.2torrとなつた。電極間に13.56MHz、
50Wの高周波出力を印加してPHVEを多孔質膜
上へ1.0分間プラズマ重合した。 Degas the inside of the bell jar with a vacuum pump, and while continuing to pump out air, pass through the monomer supply valve.
PHVE was supplied at 40 cm 3 /min. The pressure inside the bell jar was 0.2 torr. 13.56MHz between electrodes,
PHVE was plasma polymerized onto the porous membrane for 1.0 min by applying a high frequency power of 50 W.
得られたプラズマ重合膜の膜厚は0.22μであつ
た。 The thickness of the obtained plasma polymerized film was 0.22μ.
He、CO2、N2の各ガスの透過性能を測作した
結果を以下に示す。 The results of measuring the permeability of He, CO 2 and N 2 gases are shown below.
Heの透過速度 1.2×10-3cm3/cm2・sec・cmHg Heの透過係数 2.8×10-8cm3/cm・sec・cmHg CO2の透過速度 5.5×10-4cm3/cm2・sec・cmHg CO2の透過係数 1.2×10-8cm3/cm・sec・cmHg N2の透過速度 6.7×10-5cm3/cm2・sec・cmHg N2の透過係数 1.5×10-9cm3/cm・sec・cmHg He/N2の分離係数 18 CO2/N2の分離係数 8.3He permeation rate 1.2×10 -3 cm 3 /cm 2・sec・cmHg He permeation coefficient 2.8×10 −8 cm 3 /cm・sec・cmHg CO 2 permeation rate 5.5×10 −4 cm 3 /cm 2・sec・cmHg Permeability coefficient of CO 2 1.2×10 -8 cm 3 /cm・sec・cmHg Permeation rate of N 2 6.7×10 -5 cm 3 /cm 2・sec・cmHg Permeability coefficient of N 2 1.5×10 - 9 cm 3 /cm・sec・cmHg He/N 2 separation factor 18 CO 2 /N 2 separation factor 8.3
Claims (1)
サ(5−メチル)ノネン−1をプラズマ重合せし
めて成るガスの分離膜。 2 多孔質膜は平均細孔径10〜2000Å、空気の透
過速度が4×10-4〜4×10-1cm3/cm2・sec・cmHg
である請求の範囲1の分離膜。 3 多孔質膜はポリスルホン、ポリアミド、ポリ
アクリロニトリル、ポリエチレン、ポリビニルア
ルコール、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンである請
求の範囲1又は2の分離膜。 4 パーフルオロ−3,6−ジオキサ(5−メチ
ル)ノネン−1重合体の膜厚は0.01〜5.0μmであ
る請求の範囲1の分離膜。[Scope of Claims] 1. A gas separation membrane made by plasma polymerizing perfluoro-3,6-dioxa(5-methyl)nonene-1 on a porous membrane. 2 Porous membrane has an average pore diameter of 10 to 2000 Å and an air permeation rate of 4 × 10 -4 to 4 × 10 -1 cm 3 /cm 2・sec・cmHg
The separation membrane according to claim 1. 3. The separation membrane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous membrane is polysulfone, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, or polytetrafluoroethylene. 4. The separation membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane thickness of the perfluoro-3,6-dioxa(5-methyl)nonene-1 polymer is 0.01 to 5.0 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20577483A JPH0236290B2 (en) | 1983-11-04 | 1983-11-04 | GASUBUNRIMAKU |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20577483A JPH0236290B2 (en) | 1983-11-04 | 1983-11-04 | GASUBUNRIMAKU |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6099323A JPS6099323A (en) | 1985-06-03 |
| JPH0236290B2 true JPH0236290B2 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
Family
ID=16512444
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20577483A Expired - Lifetime JPH0236290B2 (en) | 1983-11-04 | 1983-11-04 | GASUBUNRIMAKU |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0236290B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2671072B2 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1997-10-29 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Gas separation membrane manufacturing method |
-
1983
- 1983-11-04 JP JP20577483A patent/JPH0236290B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6099323A (en) | 1985-06-03 |
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