JPH0236313B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0236313B2 JPH0236313B2 JP60011695A JP1169585A JPH0236313B2 JP H0236313 B2 JPH0236313 B2 JP H0236313B2 JP 60011695 A JP60011695 A JP 60011695A JP 1169585 A JP1169585 A JP 1169585A JP H0236313 B2 JPH0236313 B2 JP H0236313B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- flotation
- treatment method
- flocculation reaction
- flocculation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は一般廃水、井水、工業用水等を加圧
浮上分離し、さらに濾過処理してSS等を分離す
る用水処理方法、特にフロツクの浮上性およびス
カムの安定性の高い用水処理方法に関するもので
ある。
〔従来の技術〕
一般廃水、井水、工業用水等の原水のSSや油
分等を除去するために加圧浮上分離し、さらに濾
過処理する用水処理方法が行われている。この方
法は被処理水に無機凝集剤を添加して凝集反応に
よりフロツクを形成し、これに加圧水（水に空気
を加圧溶解したもの）を混合して、大気圧に解放
することにより微細な気泡を発生させ、フロツク
に気泡を付着させて浮上分離した後、濾過処理し
て、SS等を分離する方法である。
この方法は沈殿分離法と比較すると、加圧水を
用いるためランニングコスト面で劣るが、装置の
設置スペースが小さいこと、ならびに水種によつ
ては効率的に運用できる等の長所があるため広く
利用されている。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
しかしながら、このような従来の加圧浮上分離
および濾過処理からなる用水処理方法において
は、原水に無機凝集剤のみを添加して凝集を行つ
ているため、フロツクの状態によつては、フロツ
クの浮上性およびスカムの安定性が悪く、浮上槽
からのキヤリオーバが生じるという問題点があ
る。
このため有機高分子凝集剤を添加してフロツク
の性質を変化させ、浮上性を高めることが行われ
るが、この方法では高分子凝集剤の注入管理を正
確に行わないと、残留する高分子凝集剤がリーク
し、後処理の濾過器の差圧上昇あるいは逆浸透膜
装置の差圧上昇や透過水量の減少等を招くなどの
問題点がある。
一方、電解浮上法において気泡の安定性を高め
るために、原水に界面活性剤を添加することが行
われるが（特公昭49−46769号）、加圧浮上分離法
において一般の起泡性を高める界面活性剤を原水
に添加しただけでは、浮上性およびフロツクの安
定性を高めることはできないなどの問題点があ
る。
この発明は以上のような従来の問題点を解決す
るためのもので、凝集反応液に特定の界面活性剤
を添加して加圧浮上を行うことにより、フロツク
の浮上性およびスカムの安定性の高い加圧浮上分
離方法を提案することを目的としている。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
この発明は、原水を加圧浮上分離し、さらに濾
過処理する用水処理方法において、原水に無機凝
集剤を添加して、高分子凝集剤を添加することな
く凝集反応を行い、凝集反応後の凝集反応液に高
級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩を添加した後、加圧水
を混合して加圧浮上分離を行うことを特徴とする
用水処理方法である。
本発明ではまず原水に無機凝集剤を添加して凝
集反応を行う。無機凝集剤としては塩化鉄、塩化
アルミニウム、硫酸鉄、硫酸アルミニウム、ポリ
硫酸鉄、ポリ塩化アルミニウムなどの一般の凝集
反応に用いられるものが使用できる。
凝集反応は必要により酸化剤等を添加して凝集
しやすい状態にし、またPH調整剤を添加して凝集
に適したPHにし、通常の凝集反応条件に従つた撹
拌を行い、フロツクを生成させる。この場合、有
機高分子凝集剤は添加する必要がない。
凝集反応を終つた凝集反応液は、高級脂肪酸の
アルカリ金属塩を添加した後、加圧水を混合して
加圧浮上分離を行う。高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属
塩としては、ラウリン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイ
ン酸等のナトリウム塩またはカリウム塩などが使
用できる。
高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩の添加は凝集反応
の終了後、加圧水の混合以前であり、凝集反応槽
の出口から加圧水の混合部までの間で添加するの
が望ましい。添加濃度は凝集反応液に対して0.05
〜３mg／程度、添加後の反応液はPH５〜９の範
囲が好ましい。
加圧浮上分離は高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩お
よび加圧水を混合した反応液を浮上槽に導入し、
減圧弁から大気圧に解放することにより行い、こ
れにより発生した微細な気泡がフロツクに付着し
て浮上し、分離させる。この場合、高級脂肪酸の
アルカリ金属塩が添加されていると、フロツクの
浮上性およびスカムの安定性が高く、フロツクや
SS等のキヤリオーバは少なくなる。
浮上性を高めるためには、原水に起泡性を有す
るアニオン性またはノニオン性界面活性剤を添加
するのが好ましい。アニオン性界面活性剤として
は高級アルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、高級ア
ルコール硫酸エステル塩、スルホン酸塩など、ま
たノニオン性界面活性剤としては脂肪酸エチレン
オキサイド付加物、高級アルコールエチレンオキ
サイド付加物などがある。これらの界面活性剤の
添加は凝集槽の入口部で行うのが望ましい。添加
濃度は原水に対して0.05〜５mg／、添加後のPH
は４〜９の範囲が好ましい。
以上の処理において使用される凝集反応および
加圧浮上分離用の装置としては、従来より使用さ
れている任意のものが使用でき、例えば凝集反応
装置としては撹拌器を有する１槽式または２槽式
の凝集槽、加圧浮上分離装置としては浮上槽およ
び加圧水製造装置（マイクロエア発生装置）の組
合わされたものなどが使用できる。
上記の加圧浮上分離方法はフロツク等のキヤリ
オーバが少ないため、用水処理の前処理として適
しており、本発明では加圧浮上分離を行つた後、
さらに濾過処理を行う。濾過処理としては、従来
から用水処理に採用されていた濾過処理がそのま
ま採用できる。濾材としては砂、アンスラサイト
など、任意のものが使用でき、これらを充填して
濾層を形成した単層濾過、複層濾過など、任意の
濾過装置が使用できる。
本発明において分離の対象となるものは、SS、
油分、その他一般の加圧浮上分離により除去され
るものがすべてその対象となる。
〔実施例〕
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。図面
はこの発明の一実施例を示す系統図であり、１は
凝集槽、２は浮上槽、３は２層濾過器である。
加圧浮上分離は、まず原水として井戸水を原水
管４から凝集槽１に供給し、その途中で鉄を酸化
するために酸化剤として次亜塩素酸ナトリウム５
を0.5〜１mg−Cl2／、無機凝集剤としてポリ塩
化アルミニウム６を約20mg／、PH調整剤として
硫酸７を添加してPH６〜７に調整し、凝集槽１に
おける滞留時間15分の凝集条件で凝集反応を行つ
た。凝集反応を終つた凝集反応液８に、４Kg／cm2
の圧力で空気を加圧溶解した加圧水９を、原水：
加圧水の水量比４：１で混合し、浮上槽２におい
て浮上分離を行つた。分離水１０を砂およびアン
スラサイトを充填した２層濾過器３にLV6〜
7m／Hrで下向流で通水して濾過を行つた。
以上の処理において、凝集槽１の入口Ａおよび
出口Ｂに、高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩としてオ
レイン酸カリウム、高級アルコール系アニオン性
界面活性剤、およびノニオン性有機高分子凝集剤
をそれぞれ添加した場合について、浮上槽２の
SS除去率ならびに２層濾過器３の差圧上昇速度
（差圧が180mmH2Oから60mmH2Oに上昇する時間）
を測定した結果を表１に示す。
[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a water treatment method in which general wastewater, well water, industrial water, etc. is subjected to pressurized flotation separation, and further filtration treatment is performed to separate SS, etc., and particularly to improve the flotation properties of flocs and the stability of scum. This relates to a method for treating water with a high level of efficiency. [Prior Art] In order to remove SS, oil, etc. from raw water such as general wastewater, well water, industrial water, etc., a water treatment method is used in which pressure flotation separation is performed, followed by filtration treatment. In this method, an inorganic flocculant is added to the water to be treated to form a floc through a flocculation reaction, and pressurized water (air dissolved in water under pressure) is mixed with this floc, which is then released to atmospheric pressure to form fine flocs. This is a method in which air bubbles are generated, the air bubbles are attached to the floc, and the air is floated and separated, followed by filtration treatment to separate SS, etc. Compared to the precipitation separation method, this method uses pressurized water and is inferior in terms of running costs, but it is widely used because it has advantages such as the small installation space of the equipment and the ability to operate efficiently depending on the type of water. ing. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such conventional water treatment methods consisting of pressure flotation and filtration, flocculation is carried out by adding only an inorganic flocculant to raw water. Depending on the condition of the flotation tank, the floatability of the flocs and the stability of the scum are poor, resulting in a problem of carryover from the flotation tank. For this reason, an organic polymer flocculant is added to change the properties of the flocs and improve their floating properties. There are problems such as leakage of the agent, resulting in an increase in the differential pressure in the post-treatment filter, an increase in the differential pressure in the reverse osmosis membrane device, and a decrease in the amount of permeated water. On the other hand, in the electrolytic flotation method, a surfactant is added to the raw water in order to increase the stability of the bubbles (Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-46769), but in the pressure flotation method, the general foaming property is increased. There are problems in that simply adding a surfactant to raw water does not improve flotation and floc stability. This invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. By adding a specific surfactant to the flocculation reaction liquid and performing pressurized flotation, the flotation properties of flocs and the stability of scum can be improved. The purpose is to propose a high pressure flotation separation method. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is a water treatment method in which raw water is subjected to pressure flotation separation and further filtration treatment, in which an inorganic flocculant is added to the raw water without adding a polymer flocculant. This is a water treatment method characterized by performing a flocculation reaction, adding an alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid to the flocculation reaction liquid after the flocculation reaction, and then mixing pressurized water and performing pressure flotation separation. In the present invention, first, an inorganic flocculant is added to raw water to perform a flocculation reaction. As the inorganic flocculant, those used in general flocculation reactions such as iron chloride, aluminum chloride, iron sulfate, aluminum sulfate, polyferric sulfate, and polyaluminum chloride can be used. For the flocculation reaction, if necessary, add an oxidizing agent or the like to make it easy to flocculate, add a PH regulator to adjust the pH to a suitable level for flocculation, and stir according to the usual flocculation reaction conditions to generate flocs. In this case, it is not necessary to add an organic polymer flocculant. After the aggregation reaction has completed, an alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid is added to the aggregation reaction liquid, and then pressurized water is mixed therein to perform pressure flotation separation. As the alkali metal salt of higher fatty acid, sodium salt or potassium salt of lauric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, etc. can be used. The alkali metal salt of higher fatty acid is added after the flocculation reaction is completed and before the pressurized water is mixed, and it is desirable to add it between the outlet of the flocculation reaction tank and the pressurized water mixing section. Addition concentration is 0.05 to agglutination reaction solution
~3 mg/approximately, and the reaction solution after addition preferably has a pH in the range of 5 to 9. Pressure flotation involves introducing a reaction mixture of alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids and pressurized water into a flotation tank.
This is done by releasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure from a pressure reducing valve, and the fine air bubbles generated thereby adhere to the floc and float to the surface, causing them to separate. In this case, if an alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid is added, the floatability of the flocs and the stability of the scum will be high, and the flocs and scum will be more stable.
There will be less carry over on SS etc. In order to improve floating properties, it is preferable to add an anionic or nonionic surfactant having foaming properties to the raw water. Examples of anionic surfactants include higher alkyl ether sulfate salts, higher alcohol sulfate salts, and sulfonate salts, and nonionic surfactants include fatty acid ethylene oxide adducts and higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts. It is desirable to add these surfactants at the inlet of the flocculation tank. Addition concentration is 0.05~5mg/to raw water, PH after addition
is preferably in the range of 4 to 9. As the apparatus for the flocculation reaction and pressure flotation used in the above treatment, any conventionally used apparatus can be used. For example, the flocculation reaction apparatus may be a one-tank type or a two-tank type with an agitator. As the coagulation tank and pressurized flotation separation device, a combination of a flotation tank and a pressurized water production device (micro air generation device) can be used. The above-mentioned pressure flotation separation method is suitable as a pre-treatment for industrial water treatment because there is little carryover of flocs, etc. In the present invention, after pressure flotation separation,
Further filtration treatment is performed. As the filtration treatment, the filtration treatment conventionally employed in water treatment can be used as is. As the filter medium, any material such as sand or anthracite can be used, and any filtration device such as a single-layer filtration or multi-layer filtration in which a filter layer is formed by filling these materials can be used. In the present invention, the objects to be separated are SS,
This applies to oil and all other substances that are removed by general pressure flotation. [Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below. The drawing is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a flocculation tank, 2 is a flotation tank, and 3 is a two-layer filter. In pressurized flotation separation, firstly, well water is supplied as raw water to the coagulation tank 1 from the raw water pipe 4, and along the way, sodium hypochlorite is added as an oxidizing agent to oxidize the iron.
0.5 to 1 mg-Cl 2 /, approximately 20 mg of polyaluminum chloride 6 as an inorganic flocculant, and sulfuric acid 7 as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH to 6 to 7, and the residence time in flocculation tank 1 was 15 minutes. The agglutination reaction was carried out. After the aggregation reaction, 4Kg/cm 2 was added to the aggregation reaction solution 8.
Pressurized water 9 in which air is dissolved under pressure is used as raw water:
The pressurized water was mixed at a water ratio of 4:1, and flotation separation was performed in flotation tank 2. Separated water 10 is transferred to a two-layer filter 3 filled with sand and anthracite at LV6~
Filtration was performed by flowing water downward at a rate of 7 m/hr. In the above treatment, when potassium oleate, a higher alcohol-based anionic surfactant, and a nonionic organic polymer flocculant are added as an alkali metal salt of higher fatty acid to the inlet A and outlet B of the flocculating tank 1, respectively. , flotation tank 2
SS removal rate and rate of rise in differential pressure of the two-layer filter 3 (time for differential pressure to rise from 180mmH 2 O to 60mmH 2 O)
The results of the measurements are shown in Table 1.
本発明によれば、原水に無機凝集剤を添加し
て、高分子凝集剤を添加することなく凝集反応を
行い、凝集反応液に特定の界面活性剤を添加した
後、加圧水を混合して加圧浮上分離を行い、その
後濾過処理するようにしたので、加圧浮上分離に
おけるフロツクの浮上性およびスカムの安定性が
優れ、キヤリオーバがなく、後続の濾過処理に悪
影響を与えることがない。また添加する界面活性
剤は高分子凝集剤に比べて溶解性が良いので、装
置を小形化できるとともに取扱も容易であるなど
の効果がある。
According to the present invention, an inorganic flocculant is added to raw water, a flocculation reaction is performed without adding a polymer flocculant, a specific surfactant is added to the flocculation reaction liquid, and then pressurized water is mixed and applied. Since pressure flotation separation is performed and then filtration treatment is performed, floc floatability and scum stability in pressure flotation separation are excellent, there is no carryover, and the subsequent filtration treatment is not adversely affected. Furthermore, since the added surfactant has better solubility than a polymer flocculant, it has the advantage that the apparatus can be made smaller and easier to handle.
図面は実施例の系統図であり、１は凝集槽、２
は浮上槽、３は２層濾過器である。
The drawing is a system diagram of the example, where 1 is a flocculation tank, 2
is a flotation tank, and 3 is a two-layer filter.
Claims (1)
用水処理方法において、原水に無機凝集剤を添加
して、高分子凝集剤を添加することなく凝集反応
を行い、凝集反応後の凝集反応液に高級脂肪酸の
アルカリ金属塩を添加した後、加圧水を混合して
加圧浮上分離を行うことを特徴とする用水処理方
法。 ２ 凝集反応が起泡性を有する界面活性剤を添加
して行うものである特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
用水処理方法。 ３ 高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩がラウリン酸、
ステアリン酸もしくはオレイン酸のナトリウム塩
またはカリウム塩である特許請求の範囲第１項ま
たは第２項記載の用水処理方法。[Claims] 1. In a water treatment method in which raw water is subjected to pressure flotation separation and further filtration treatment, an inorganic flocculant is added to the raw water, a flocculation reaction is performed without adding a polymer flocculant, and the flocculation reaction is performed. A water treatment method characterized by adding an alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid to the subsequent flocculation reaction liquid, and then mixing the mixture with pressurized water to perform pressure flotation separation. 2. The water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregation reaction is carried out by adding a foaming surfactant. 3 Alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids are lauric acid,
The water treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, which is a sodium salt or potassium salt of stearic acid or oleic acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1169585A JPS61171589A (en) | 1985-01-24 | 1985-01-24 | Water treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1169585A JPS61171589A (en) | 1985-01-24 | 1985-01-24 | Water treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61171589A JPS61171589A (en) | 1986-08-02 |
| JPH0236313B2 true JPH0236313B2 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
Family
ID=11785167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1169585A Granted JPS61171589A (en) | 1985-01-24 | 1985-01-24 | Water treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61171589A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4552482B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2010-09-29 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Organic wastewater treatment method |
| JP4844445B2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2011-12-28 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Aggregation method |
| JP5211852B2 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ | Pressurized levitating apparatus and pressurized levitating method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5249651A (en) * | 1975-10-17 | 1977-04-20 | Kankyo Eng Kk | Process for treating waste water containing carbon |
-
1985
- 1985-01-24 JP JP1169585A patent/JPS61171589A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61171589A (en) | 1986-08-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |