JPH0239483B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to dental hygiene compositions, including dentifrices and liquid mouthwashes and rinses in the form of solids, powders, pastes or creams. Such compositions are primarily used to maintain dental hygiene and keep the tooth surfaces as clean and shiny as possible, keeping the teeth and gums healthy and preventing unpleasant odors from forming in the oral cavity. It is the action of such compositions to suppress the irritability and freshen the user's breath. Such compositions of known formulation are used cosmetically and are intended for cleansing, refreshing and/or odor control, or provide therapeutic activity, such as anti-caries activity. The compositions of the present invention are formulated to provide another therapeutic activity, namely plaque control activity. Dental plaque is considered to be a substance consisting primarily of microorganisms and an organic matrix derived from bacteria and saliva. Dental professionals generally believe that calculus (also known as tartar) is mature plaque that has crystallized as an identifiable crystalline structure grows. Even if you brush your teeth regularly and thoroughly, plaque (i.e. carious plaque)
It is well known that these deposits persistently adhere to teeth. Such deposits are unattractive and can also destroy teeth. It is an object of the present invention to provide dental hygiene compositions that prevent or reduce plaque buildup. It is also an object of the present invention to provide formulations containing caries inhibitors such as sodium fluoride or sodium monofluorophosphate.
One object of the present invention is to provide dental hygiene compositions that have significant antimicrobial activity. The invention particularly relates to the formulation and use of dental hygiene compositions in which an alkali metal salt of lauryl (dodecyl) sulfate has plaque-inhibiting activity when used in extremely pure form substantially free of other alkyl sulfates. Based on findings showing benefits. The most readily available salt of lauryl sulfate is the sodium form, sodium lauryl sulfate. Potassium and other alkali metal salts are equivalent to the sodium salts, although the use of the latter is usually preferred for economic reasons. However, it will be appreciated that potassium salts and other alkali metal salts can be used in place of sodium salts in the compositions of the invention and in the compositions described below. "Sodium lauryl"
The substance commonly available commercially under the label (sulphate) is pure sodium dodecyl sulfate CH ₃
(CH ₂ ) ₁₀ CH ₂ OSO ₃ Na, but a mixture consisting of the homologous sodium alkyl sulfate and primarily sodium dodecyl sulfate. In common usage, therefore, the designation or chemical description "sodium lauryl sulfate" refers to a substance that contains varying amounts of sodium salts of non-dodecyl alkyl sulfates as impurities, as well as pure salts of dodecyl sulfate. represents. These materials also often contain varying amounts of sodium salts of inorganic acids such as sodium chloride and sulfate and unsulfated alcohols. Impure forms of sodium lauryl sulfate have traditionally been used as cleaning agents or foaming agents in dentifrice compositions. As "sodium lauryl sulfate", we include one form that has recently become available from certain sources as an extremely pure compound containing substantially no sodium salts of non-dodecyl alkyl sulfates. The specific antibacterial activity of commercially available solutions containing various forms of homogeneity was investigated. Although the antibacterial activity of the pure form of sodium dodecyl sulfate substances against microorganisms thought to be responsible for plaque formation in the human oral cavity is high, the It has been found that activity against such microorganisms is inhibited to a significant extent. When comparing such a pure solution and an impure solution containing the same amount of pure compound, the solution substantially free of the salt of the non-dodecylic alkyl sulfate will exhibit a higher specific activity. Thus, by using sodium dodecyl sulfate material in a highly purified form, it is possible to provide compositions having effective levels of plaque-inhibiting activity with relatively low levels of alkyl sulfate salts. Alkyl sulfate content is of practical importance, as the concentration of alkyl sulfate required for use in mouthwash or dentifrice compositions can be an important factor in producing a product that is compatible with consumer acceptance. This is a serious problem. In the mouth, sodium dodecyl sulfate and other alkyl sulfates have an astringent effect. Depending on the nature and proportion of the ingredients contained in the formulation, the product may be acceptable to the consumer with slight variations in the alkyl sulfate content, and may not be accepted as having a harsh, unpleasant taste or the alkyl sulfate may be harmful to the mouth and teeth. The physiological effects on the tissues give rise to differences in products that give an unpleasant sensation in the mouth. Furthermore, excessive inclusion of alkyl sulfates should generally be avoided. This is because, when the composition is used, it leads to excessive foaming in the mouth. The present invention provides a substantially non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate salt dissolved in one or more vehicles that has antimicrobial activity against plaque-forming microorganisms and is physiologically compatible with tooth and oral tissues. Dental hygiene compositions containing an effective amount (0.1-2.0%) of one or more highly pure alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate are provided. All parts and percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise indicated. Any suitably pure form of sodium dodecyl sulfate or other alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate can be used in the compositions of the invention. The amount of non-dodecyl impurities that can be tolerated in the composition without significantly reducing the plaque-inhibiting activity depends in each case on the amount of pure sodium or alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate present. Impurity (%) is therefore best expressed by the weight of the alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate. In a preferred form, the compositions of the invention contain no more than 5% salt of a non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate, and more preferably, based on the weight of the alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate. It contains no more than 2%, and even more preferably no more than 1%. Particularly preferred sources of alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate for use in the compositions of the invention are:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is available in extremely pure form under the trade name "TEXAPON" L-100 from Henkel Chemicals, Inc. (Toronto, Canada). This substance has a cleaning activity of 99
%, indicating a content of pure sodium dodecyl sulfate of approximately 99%, containing not more than 0.6% of alkali metal chlorides and sulfates,
And the content of unsulfated alcohol is zero. To the inventor's knowledge, Texapon L-100 material is unique among other commercially available forms of "sodium lauryl sulfate" in that it contains a high content of pure dodecyl sulfate salt. However, the present invention does not necessarily apply to Texapon L.
- not limited to the use of 100 substances, but of such other extremely pure forms of equally high purity (preferably at least 95%) that are available or may become available in the future; It will be appreciated that salts of dodecyl sulfate can be used. It will be noted that preferred compositions contain substantially no fatty acid-based soaps or detergents other than the salts of dodecyl sulfate described above. This is because they impart an undesirable taste without contributing to the plaque-inhibiting activity of the pure dodecyl sulfate salt. Therefore, the desired plaque-inhibiting activity of the compositions is most advantageously achieved when solutions free of these substances are used. The antibacterial activity of the composition of the present invention varies depending on the PH,
The optimal activity of salts of dodecyl sulfate is that their salts have a pH of approximately
It was found that this occurs when acidified up to 2. However, under extremely acidic conditions the alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate tend to be hydrolyzed, so that the plaque-inhibiting activity decreases over time, for example during storage. PH within the range of 3.0-5.0
In general, sufficient plaque-inhibiting activity is achieved without excessive loss of activity during storage of the compositions produced, and thus a pH in this range is generally preferred. Optimal plaque-inhibiting activity exerted over a normal shelf life can be obtained at about PH 4.5, and therefore this PH is most preferred for the method of the invention. However, due to the basicity of other ingredients included in the composition, achieving this PH requires the addition of significant amounts of aqueous solutions of acids, and in some formulations, particularly abrasives or In the case of dentifrices and similar solid or semi-solid dentifrices that contain other substances that exhibit a buffering effect such that they tend to retain liquids that can be added to require a viscous consistency. quantity is limited. In such cases, a pH somewhat higher than 4.5, consistent with maintaining the desired solids content in the composition, i.e. PH4.5
~5.0 will be used. Any physiologically acceptable acid can be used to adjust the PH to the desired value. Suitable examples include dilute hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. Physiologically acceptable acidic buffers, such as buffering salt pairs, to maintain the composition at the desired PH during mixing and storage, such as the well-known acetate or citrate buffers, i.e., sodium acetate-acetate buffers. or sodium citrate/
A buffering compound such as citrate buffer or dibasic sodium phosphate typically from about 0.01% to about
Can be added in an amount of 0.2%. Certain liquid dental hygiene formulations, particularly mouthwashes and mouthwashes, usually contain substantial amounts of ethyl alcohol as an astringent and preservative. It has been found that in the presence of a substantial amount of alcohol, the desired plaque inhibiting activity can be achieved even when the content of the pure dodecyl sulfate salt of the present invention is reduced; It is suggested that it enhances plaque-inhibiting activity. Therefore, in liquid mouthwash compositions containing a substantial amount (in the range 10-30%) of ethyl alcohol, a somewhat smaller amount, preferably in the range 0.1-0.5%, of alkali dodecyl sulfate is added. Metal salts can be used. The compositions of the present invention may contain conventional essential oil flavoring agents such as thymol, eucalyptol, methyl salicylate,
Hokui oil and Midori Hiki oil are typically 0.2 to 3.0
It can be contained in an amount of %. In the case of compositions containing water or aqueous vehicles, these oils are kept dispersed, if necessary with the aid of suitable dispersants. Cationic detergents tend to reduce the effectiveness of the alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate, so the use of these substances should be avoided for this purpose. Preferred dispersants are nonionic surfactants, advantageously between 0.1 and 0.2
used in an amount of %. An example of a nonionic surfactant is water-soluble TWEEN, which is a polyoxyethylene derivative of fatty acid partial ester of sorbitol anhydride.
These tend to have a pronounced taste which is undesirable in all cases and therefore the preferred non-ionic surfactants are BASF Wiandts (BASF
PLURONIC is a water-soluble PLURONIC material available from Wyandotte Corporation. These are block copolymers of alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxy polyoxyethylene. Particularly preferred because of its excellent dispersing and dissolving activity and because of its relative tastelessness is Pluronic F
-127 nonionic surfactant, it is available as a white solid in the form of prills or flakes with an average molecular weight of 12,500. In the case of formulations according to the invention that are formulated as liquid mouthwashes or laxatives, suitably
It is further preferred to add zinc chloride as an astringent in an amount of 0.01-0.05%. This substance has oral deodorizing activity, and this activity is enhanced in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Furthermore, compositions containing a mixture of pure alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate and alkali metal salts of N-acyl sarcosine have greater plaque inhibition than compositions containing equal amounts of either of these compounds but not the other. It has been found that a synergistic effect is achieved in combination with salts of dodecyl sulfate and N-acyl sarcosinates. For example, 2% alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate, 2% alkali metal salt of N-acyl sarcosine, and the above sulfates and sarcosinates at 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1, respectively.
When comparing the plaque-inhibiting activity of five dentifrice compositions containing 2% of the mixture, the percentage reduction in plaque was 50%, 40%, 78%, and 61%, respectively.
% and 60%. This N-
The action of acyl sarcosinates can be exploited in formulating dentifrices and similar cleaning agents in the form of solids, powders, pastes or creams, in which case N-acyl sarcosinates are included in the formulation. By including a relatively low content of the alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate, a high solids content composition with enhanced plaque-inhibiting activity can be obtained. A preferred substance is the sodium salt of N-lauroylsarcosine added in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight, which is more preferably added in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 of the alkali metal salt of dodecyl sulfate; The latter is also preferably present in an amount of 0.5-2.0% by weight. The composition may contain conventional humectants such as glycerin and/or sorbitol. In the case of mouth rinses containing relatively large amounts of water, for example in the range of 50-90%, the humectant is approximately 20% water.
%, more typically up to about 10%. In the case of dentifrices and similar products where the moisture content plays a more important role in maintaining the desired consistency and viscosity of the product, somewhat larger amounts, e.g. in the range of 20-40%, may be used. Wetting agents can be used. Typically, the dentifrice formulations of the present invention will contain about 25-40% particulate dental abrasive, 1-4% thickening agent, along with a humectant, a salt of dodecyl sulfate and, if used, a salt of N-acylsarcosine. containing for example carboxymethylcellulose derivatives and/or polyethylene glycol, and also physiologically acceptable dyes, artificial sweeteners such as saccharin sodium or sodium cyclamate, as desired.
Acids and buffers to maintain pH and essential oil flavoring agents may also be included. Both liquid and solid or semi-solid (eg paste) formulations according to the invention can contain small amounts of the usual fluorides which are caries inhibitors. In the case of liquid mouth rinses or mouthwashes this may suitably contain sodium fluoride in an amount of 0.01 to 0.05%, and in the case of dentifrices the preferred material is 0.5 to 2.0%. amount of sodium monofluorophosphate, but other caries-inhibiting agents fluorides such as stannous fluoride or sodium fluoride can also be used. Although the above description provides the person skilled in the art with sufficient knowledge to formulate dental hygiene formulations according to the present invention having plaque-inhibiting activity, for the avoidance of doubt, in order to determine plaque-inhibiting activity, Certain formulations, along with test methods, will be given by way of example only. Example 1 The ingredients listed in Table 1 are mixed together in the indicated weight percentages to give a clear solution. Table 1 also shows preferred ranges of weight percentages for various components.

TABLE Example 2 The ingredients listed in Table 2 are mixed together in the indicated weight percentages to give a smooth paste. Preferred weight percent ranges are also indicated.

【table】

[Table] Test method The antibacterial activity of a solution containing sodium lauryl sulfate can be measured as follows. The tooth unit is manufactured in the form of an acrylic plastic tile measuring 24 x 10 x 3 mm. The culture medium was Trypticase soy broth (Baltimore Biological Laboratories) containing 5% sucrose sterilized by autoclaving in a volume of 50 ml.
Biological Laboratories). Next, the 500 ml volume is inoculated with a standard amount of plaque-forming microorganisms. In a series of tests, the inoculum was 0.5 ml of human saliva, and Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Acetobacter
viscosus) cultures containing uniform cell numbers, suitably on the order of 5×10 ⁸ cells per inoculum.
After inoculation, a 10 ml volume is aseptically transferred to a sterile 150-20 mm test tube containing the plastic tile described above.
Incubate the tubes at 37°C for 24 hours. The test tubes are then vortexed to remove any unbound pellicle.
Shake for 10 seconds and it will precipitate. The tiles are then transferred to a test tube containing the test solution and held for 30 seconds, and then placed into a test tube containing sterile distilled water and held for the same amount of time. Control tiles receive two 30 second treatments with sterile water. The tiles are then placed in test tubes containing the inoculated medium broth and incubated at 37°C. 3
After each treatment, the plaque adhering to the tiles is measured using conventional chemical protein assays.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Has antibacterial activity against plaque-forming microorganisms,
and an alkali of one or more extremely pure dodecyl sulfates free of substantially non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate salts dissolved in one or more vehicles physiologically compatible with tooth and oral tissues. Effective working amount of metal salt (0.1-2.0% by weight), alkali metal salt of N-acyl sarcosine 0.5-2.0% by weight
and a physiologically acceptable acidic buffer with a PH within the range of 3.0 to 5.0. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the salt of non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate is 5% or less based on the weight of the salt of dodecyl sulfate. 3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the above content is 2% or less. 4. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the above content is 1% or less. 5. Claim 1, wherein said vehicle comprises water and said acidic buffer has a pH of about 4.5.
Compositions as described in Section. 6 Has antibacterial activity against plaque-forming microorganisms,
and an alkali of one or more extremely pure dodecyl sulfates free of substantially non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate salts dissolved in one or more vehicles physiologically compatible with tooth and oral tissues. Contains 0.1-2.0% by weight of metal salts, 0.5-2.0% by weight of alkali metal salts of N-acylsarcosine, a physiologically acceptable acidic buffer with a PH within the range of 3.0-5.0 and 10-30% by weight of ethyl alcohol. A liquid mouthwash composition. 7 Add 0.1 of the above extremely pure dodecyl sulfate salt.
The liquid mouthwash composition according to claim 6, containing ~0.5%. 8 Water or aqueous vehicle, essential oil flavoring 0.2-3.0
% by weight, and 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of a nonionic surfactant as a dispersant relative to the composition. 9. Claim 6, wherein the water content is 50-90% by weight and the wetting agent is 0-20% by weight.
Or the liquid mouthwash composition according to item 7. 10. A liquid mouthwash composition according to claim 6 or 7, containing 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of zinc chloride dissolved in water or an aqueous solution as the vehicle. 11 Highly pure sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.1
~0.5% by weight, ethyl alcohol 10-30% by weight,
Zinc chloride 0.01~0.05% by weight, wetting agent 0~20% by weight, essential oil flavoring agent 0.2~3.0% by weight, nonionic dispersant 0.1~0.2% by weight, dye 0.002~0.005% by weight, pH of the composition from 3.0~ 5.0, a buffer to maintain the PH of the composition within the range of 3.0 to 5.0, and 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of fluoride, which is a caries inhibitor. 7. The liquid mouthwash composition according to claim 6, wherein the remainder is water. 12. The composition according to claim 6, wherein the sarcosinate is N-lauroyl sarcosinate. 13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the sarcosinate is the sodium salt of N-lauroylsarcosine. 14 Free of substantially non-dodecyl alkyl sulfate salts dissolved in one or more vehicles that have antimicrobial activity against plaque-forming microorganisms and are physiologically compatible with tooth and oral tissues 1
Effective working amount (0.5-2.0% by weight) of one or more extremely pure alkali metal salts of dodecyl sulfate, N
- an alkali metal salt of acyl sarcosine 0.5-2.0% by weight, a physiologically acceptable acidic buffer with a PH in the range 3.0-5.0, a finely divided dental abrasive 25-40% by weight, a thickening agent 1-4 wt%, and wetting agent 20-40
% by weight, and the balance consists of water. 15. The dentifrice composition according to claim 14, wherein the sarcosinate is N-lauroyl sarcosinate. 16. The dentifrice composition according to claim 14, wherein the sarcosinate is a sodium salt of N-lauroylsarcosine. 17. The dentifrice composition according to claim 14, which contains a fluoride which is a caries inhibitor. 18. The dentifrice composition according to claim 17, wherein the fluoride is sodium monofluorophosphate. 19 Extremely pure sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.5
~2.0% by weight, 25-40% by weight of particulate dental abrasive, 1-4% by weight of thickening agent, 0.5-3.0% by weight of physiologically acceptable pigments, 0.5-2.0% by weight of the sodium salt of N-lauroylsarcosine. %, wetting agent 20-40% by weight, sweetener 0.1-3.0% by weight, caries inhibitor fluoride about 0.5-1% by weight, phosphate buffer about 1.0-1% by weight.
5.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, sufficient to adjust the pH of the composition to about 5.0, about 0.5% by weight of an essential oil flavoring agent;
The dentifrice composition according to claim 14, wherein the remainder is water.