JPH0239937B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Field) The present invention involves swinging a crushing head disposed in a crushing chamber defined by a main body with respect to the main body so that the crushing head and the crushing surface of the main body The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing objects to be crushed, and particularly relates to a crusher suitable for crushing stones.

(Prior art) As a type of stone crusher, a cylindrical eccentric sleeve extending in the vertical direction is rotatably supported on the main body, such as a gear retry crusher or a cone crusher. There is a crusher that rotatably supports a shaft extending in the direction and has a crushing head attached to the shaft. In this crusher, when the eccentric sleeve is rotated around its axis, the shaft is swung, so the crushing head is swung relative to the main body so that the axis of the crushing head draws a conical shape. As a result, the material to be crushed is crushed between the outer surface of the crushing head and the crushing surface of the main body.

However, in conventional crushers, the entire crushing head is displaced horizontally with respect to the main body, so the distance between the maximum diameter part of the outer circumferential surface of the crushing head and the part that faces the crushing surface of the main body and the crushing surface. differs from position to position in the circumferential direction of the fracture surface. With such a crusher, it is not possible to obtain crushed products with uniform particle size,
Furthermore, since there is a limit to reducing the interval, it is not possible to obtain crushed particles of small size.

In addition, since the conventional crusher has a structure in which the shaft does not rotate during crushing, a weight for balancing the unbalanced force caused by the swing of the crushing head and the rotation of the eccentric sleeve is separated downward from the crushing head. The crusher must be placed around the sleeve, and a crusher with such a structure cannot prevent vibrations caused by the unbalanced force.

A gear retrieval crusher has been proposed that is equipped with a counterweight for balancing the unbalanced force caused by the swinging of the crushing head (Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-2502). However, this crusher deforms a part of the eccentric shaft and uses this part as a counterweight, so in order to adjust the center of gravity position of the weight without reducing the mechanical strength of the eccentric shaft, a part of the weight is deformed. The work of cutting is complicated, and the work of assembling the crusher is troublesome.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention provides a method for displacing the crushing head so that the axis of the crushing head draws a conical shape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crusher in which the distance between the maximum diameter portion and the crushing surface is approximately constant.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher in which the center of gravity of a counterweight can be adjusted without reducing the mechanical strength of the shaft that supports the crushing head.

(Structure of the Invention) The crusher of the present invention includes a main body that defines a crushing chamber that opens upward, and a first axis that is rotatably supported by the main body around a first axis that extends vertically within the crushing chamber. and a second shaft portion having a second axis extending upwardly through the crushing chamber from the first shaft portion and being inclined with respect to the first axis; a crushing head disposed in the crushing chamber and rotatably supported on the second shaft, the direction of the first axis at the intersection of the first and second axes; and the position of the maximum diameter portion of the crushing head facing the crushing surface in the direction of the first axis,
Almost the same.

Another crusher of the present invention further includes a counterbalance rotatably arranged with respect to the crushing head in a downwardly opening recess formed in the crushing head and fixed to the second shaft portion. Includes weights for use.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) In the crusher of the present invention, when the rotating shaft is rotated relative to the main body, the second shaft portion rotates around the first axis while being inclined with respect to the first shaft portion. As a result, the crushing head makes an eccentric movement like a so-called oscillating movement. As a result, the crushing head swings so that its axis draws a conical shape, and as a result, the object to be crushed is crushed by the cooperative action of the crushing head and the crushing surface of the main body.

According to the crusher of the present invention, the first and second
The position of the intersection of the axes of The distance between the maximum diameter portion of the outer circumferential surface of the head at a portion facing the crushing surface of the main body and the crushing surface is approximately constant.

If the outer circumferential surface of this maximum diameter portion is an arcuate surface centered on the intersection, the interval will remain constant even if the crushing head swings. In this way, when the interval becomes constant, the interval can be made smaller than in the conventional crusher, and therefore, the crusher can obtain crushed materials with smaller and more uniform particle size than in the conventional crusher. can do.

In other crushers of the present invention, the counterweight is made of a different member from the rotating shaft that supports the crushing head, so even if a part of the weight is removed, the mechanical strength of the rotating shaft does not decrease. . Therefore, the center of gravity position of the weight can be adjusted without reducing the mechanical strength of the rotating shaft, and the adjustment work of the weight and the assembly work of the crusher are facilitated.

(Example) Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a crusher 10
is a main body 12 supported on a frame (not shown)
including.

The main body 12 includes a cylindrical outer member 14 supported by the frame so as to extend in the vertical direction, and a cylindrical inner member 16 disposed coaxially with the outer member and spaced inside the outer member 14. and outer member 1
4 is provided with a connecting member 18 that partitions the internal space of the inner member 14 into upper and lower chambers, and also connects the vertical center portion of the outer member 14 and the upper end portion of the inner member 16 to each other. The outer member 14, the inner member 16 and the connecting member 18 are
In the illustrated example, they are made in one piece. However, these members may be manufactured separately and connected to each other using connectors such as bolts and nuts.

At the upper end of the outer member 14, a hopper 22 is provided with a plurality of screws 2 for receiving stones to be crushed into a crushing chamber 20 defined by the outer member 14 and the connecting member 18.
It is fixed by 4. On the other hand, a cylindrical guide 26 is fixed to the lower end of the outer member 14 by a plurality of screws 28 for guiding crushed stones out of the crusher.

A plurality of holes 30 are drilled in the periphery of the connecting member 18 to allow crushed stones to fall from the crushing chamber 20. The holes 30 are spaced apart from each other along a circle centered on the centerline of the crushing chamber 20. Each hole 30 may be a hole with a circular or square planar shape at multiple locations, or may be an elongated hole extending along the circle.

The inner member 16 supports a rotating shaft 32 that extends vertically through the inner member. The rotating shaft 32 includes a first shaft portion 36 rotatably supported on the inner member 16 by a plurality of thrust bearings 34.
and a second shaft portion 38 extending upwardly within the crushing chamber 20 from the first shaft portion. The axis 40 of the first shaft portion 36 is aligned with the centerline of the crushing chamber 20 . On the other hand, secondly, the axis 42 of the shaft portion 38 is
It intersects axis 40 at point P and is inclined by an angle θ.

A flange 44 is provided at the boundary between the first shaft portion 36 and the second shaft portion 38 . Flange 4
The lower surface of 4 is in contact with the uppermost bearing 34 that supports the first shaft portion 36 . The second shaft portion 38 is formed with a plurality of upwardly facing step portions.

A crushing head 46 is rotatably supported on the second shaft portion 38 around an axis 42 by a plurality of thrust bearings 48 . The crushing head 46 includes a crushing part 50 having a vertically penetrating hole, a top part 52 fixed to the upper end of the crushing part with a bolt, and a ring 54 fixed to the inside of the lower part of the crushing part 50 with a bolt. Equipped with.

The top portion 52 is arranged to close the top of the hole of the crushing portion 50 so as to define a recess 56 that opens downward together with the crushing portion 50 . A reinforcing rib 58 having a planar cross shape is provided on the upper surface of the top portion 52 .

The lower inner circumferential surface of the crushing head 46 has a plurality of protrusions 5 formed along the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the inner member 16.
Contact with 9. This prevents dust such as small stones and sand from entering the recess 56. The lower inner circumferential surface is an arcuate surface with a radius of curvature R centered on the intersection P of the axes 40 and 42.

In the illustrated example, the maximum diameter portion of the portion of the crushing head 46 facing the crushing surface 78 is the lower end outer surface portion T;
The height position of the lower end outer surface portion T is the same as that of the intersection P. However, the maximum diameter portion may be another portion, and the lower end outer surface portion T may be an arcuate surface centered on the intersection point P. In the illustrated example, the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the crushing head 46 is approximately hemispherical, but it may have another shape such as a conical shape.

A counterweight 60 is rotatably arranged in the recess 56. The weight 60 is attached to the second shaft portion 38 so as to have a center of gravity in a direction opposite to the eccentric direction of the center of gravity of the crushing head 46 in order to balance the unbalanced force that occurs due to the rocking motion of the crushing head 46. Attached by key.

The crusher 10 also includes a drive mechanism 62 that rotates the rotating shaft 32. In the illustrated example, the drive mechanism 62 includes a rotation source 64 such as an electric motor, a reduction gear 66 that reduces the output of the rotation source, and a sprocket 68 fixedly attached to the output shaft of the reduction gear with a key. , a sprocket 70 fixedly attached to the lower end of the first shaft portion 36 with a key, and a chain 72 wound around both sprockets 68, 70. The sprockets 68 and 70 and the chain 72 are connected to the outer member 14 and the inner member 16.
and is housed in a case 76 attached to the reducer 66 with a plurality of bolts 74.

The inner member 16 has a crushing head 46 connected to the rotating shaft 32.
A stopper 80 is provided to prevent the motor from rotating together with the motor. As shown in FIG. 3, the stopper 80 includes a pin 82 fixed to protrude upward from the upper end of the inner member 16, and a roller 84 rotatably supported on the upper end of the pin. is located in a downwardly directed recess 86 formed in the crushing head 46. The stopper 80 may not be provided.

The crusher 10 transfers the weight of stones and crushing head 46 supplied to the crushing chamber 20 to a rotating shaft 3 through a bearing 48.
2, and the weight of the rotating shaft 32 is further received by the inner member 16 via a bearing 34.

When the rotary shaft 32 is rotated during operation of the crusher 10, the first and second shaft portions 36, 38 are aligned with the axis 40.
It is rotated around. As a result, the second shaft portion 3
8 is rotated so that the axis 42 draws a conical shape with an apex angle of 2θ because the axis 42 is eccentric by an angle θ with respect to the first shaft portion 36 . As a result, the crushing head 46 performs a rocking motion similar to a swinging motion.

At this time, the distance S between the crushing surface 78 at each position in the circumferential direction of the crushing surface 78 and the maximum diameter portion T of the crushing head 46 facing this is such that the height position of the maximum diameter portion T is the intersection point P. Since the height position is the same as that of
Almost identical. However, the distance between the crushing surface 78 and other parts of the crushing head 46 at each position in the circumferential direction of the crushing surface 78 changes as the crushing head 46 swings. If the spacing S is uniform, the stones to be crushed will not fall into the hole 30 unless they are crushed to a size that allows them to pass between the crushing surface 78 and the maximum diameter portion T of the crushing head 46, so that the stones will be small and uniform. You can get stones of grain size.

The unbalanced force accompanying the rocking motion of the crushing head 46 is caused by the weight 60 disposed in the recess of the crushing head 46
It is balanced by being rotated with 2.

When the rotating shaft 32 is rotated, the crushing head 4
6 is prevented from rotating by the stopper 80, and therefore does not rotate relative to the main body 12. Stoppa 80
If not provided, the crushing head 46 and the second shaft portion 3
The frictional resistance between the crushing head 46 and the inner member 1
If the frictional resistance between the crushing head 4 and the
6 is rotated about the axis 40 together with the second shaft part 38, and the crushing head 46 and the second shaft part 38
The frictional resistance between the crushing head 46 and the inner member 16
If the frictional resistance between the crushing head 46 is smaller than the frictional resistance between the crushing head 46 or a load is applied to the crushing head 46, the second shaft portion 38 will rotate relative to the crushing head 46, and the crushing head 46 will not rotate.

When the rotating shaft 32 is being rotated, the crushing chamber 2
0 or when a stone is introduced into the crushing chamber 20, the stone is pressed against the crushing surface 78 by the crushing head 46 as the crushing head 46 swings and is crushed. Ru. The crushed stone is in hole 30
and is guided out of the crusher 10 by the guide 26.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the crusher shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a stopper portion. 10: crusher, 12: main body, 20: crushing chamber, 3
2: rotating shaft, 36: first shaft section, 38: second shaft section, 40, 42: axis line, 46: crushing head, 56:
Recess, 60: Balance weight, 62: Drive mechanism,
S: spacing, T: maximum diameter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A main body that defines a crushing chamber that opens upward, a first shaft portion that is rotatably supported by the main body around a first axis that extends vertically within the crushing chamber, and a rotating shaft including a second shaft extending upward through the crushing chamber from the first shaft and having a second axis inclined with respect to the first axis; and a driving means for rotating the rotating shaft. , arranged in the crushing chamber,
a crushing head rotatably supported on the second shaft, the position of the intersection of the first and second axes in the direction of the first axis, and the crushing surface of the crushing head; said first portion of the largest diameter portion opposite to
The position in the direction of the axis of the crusher is approximately the same. 2. A main body that defines a crushing chamber that opens upward, a first shaft that is rotatably supported by the main body around a first axis that extends vertically within the crushing chamber, and a first shaft that defines a crushing chamber that opens upward; a rotating shaft including a second shaft extending upward through the crushing chamber and having a second axis inclined with respect to the first axis; a driving means for rotating the rotating shaft; disposed in the crushing chamber; is,
a crushing head having a downwardly opening recess, the crushing head rotatably supported on the second shaft in the recess; and a crushing head rotatably supported in the recess with respect to the crushing head; a counterweight arranged and fixed to the second shaft, the position of the intersection of the first and second axes in the direction of the first axis, and the crushing of the crushing head; A crusher, wherein the position of the largest diameter portion facing the surface in the direction of the first axis is substantially the same.