JPH0239940B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a high-speed grinder, and particularly to a high-speed grinder that includes a pair of opposing rotating disks and a stationary disk, and a grinding surface is formed on the opposing surfaces of both disks. The present invention relates to a high-speed grinder in a pulverizer, in which a rotating disk is fixed to a shaft connected to a driving means, and the grinding surface of the rotating disk is made up of hard abrasive grains.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of disk had a hard rotating disk surface and a stationary disk made of a material with lower hardness than the rotating disk surface (for example, the
3475), and disks whose grinding surfaces are made of hard abrasive grains (for example, the
6011) is known.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the former case of the prior art, this prior art feeds the object to be crushed between a rotating disk and a stationary disk that are pressed against each other, and receives compressive force and shear from both the rotating disk and the stationary disk. Since the object is crushed by applying a force to the object to be crushed and the abrasive grains of both disks are removed, the abrasive grains separated from the grinding wheel may be mixed into the object to be crushed, or the compressive force may cause the object to be crushed. There were problems such as the quality of the crushed material changed due to the heat generated by the accompanying friction, or materials rich in fibers not being crushed and becoming flat, and the grooves on the disk surface forming a spindle shape.

In the latter case, the particle size of the pulverized material can be adjusted by
This depends on the size of the hard grains and the distance between the hard grains, and not on the clearance between the grinding surfaces of both discs. Therefore, when changing the grain size of the pulverized material, it is necessary to replace the discs, and the difference between the two discs facing each other Since the hard metal grains to which metal brazing is applied to the surfaces are made of the same material, there is a problem in that if a strong contact occurs between the two disks due to an erroneous operation, both disks will be damaged.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to reduce the amount of impurities mixed into the pulverized material due to the separation of abrasive grains, and to reduce the amount of impurities in the fibrous material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-speed grinder in a fine pulverizer which can also pulverize rich substances and prevents the obtained pulverized product from deteriorating in quality.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed grinder in a pulverizer that is capable of pulverizing objects to be pulverized with uniform particle size.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed grinder for a pulverizer that requires less frequent clearance adjustment, disk surface repair, and replacement, and is highly efficient.

Yet another object of the present invention is a pulverizer that can perform truing and dressing even when the outermost layer of ultra-hard abrasive grains of a rotating disk is worn out, and utilize the ultra-hard abrasive grains in the next layer as abrasive particles. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-speed grinder for use in the industry.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention comprises a pair of opposing rotating disks and fixed disks, grinding surfaces are formed on opposing surfaces of both disks, the rotating disk is fixed to a shaft connected to a driving means, and the rotating disk is fixed to a shaft connected to a driving means. The grinding surface of the rotary disk is arranged close to each other, and the grinding surfaces of both disks face each other with a predetermined clearance, and the grinding surfaces of the rotary disks are arranged close to each other. A micro-bite is formed of hard abrasive grains to cut and crush the object to be crushed, the grinding surface of the rotating disk is formed by applying a grinding force stronger than the grinding force of the grinding surface of the fixed disk, and the rotating A high-speed grinder in a fine pulverizer, characterized in that the disk includes a base and a surface layer formed on the base, and a plurality of layers of ultra-hard abrasive grains of the rotating disk are embedded in the surface layer. be.

〔Example〕

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A high-speed grinder in a pulverizer according to the present invention will be described below along with embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3, a high-speed grinder 2 for a fine pulverizer according to the present invention includes a set of disks,
That is, it includes a rotating disk 3 and a fixed disk 4. The rotating disk 3 is fixed to a shaft 6 connected to a drive means (rotating machine) 5 of the pulverizer 1,
On the other hand, a stationary disk 4 disposed opposite to the rotary disk 3 is fixed to a hopper 7 for feeding raw materials (FIG. 3). In this case, it goes without saying that the shaft 6 and the drive means 5 may not be coaxial, but may be indirectly connected and transmitted through a power transmission device such as a coupling or a belt.

The rotary disk 3 includes a base 10 and a surface layer 12 on which a large number of ultra-hard abrasive grains 15, 15, . The rotary disk 3 as a whole is formed into a mortar shape with a recess 13 so that this occurs. Embedded in the surface layer 12 are a plurality of layers, preferably four to five layers, of ultrahard abrasive grains that are densely dispersed and regularly arranged. And each super hard abrasive grain 1 of the outermost layer
5, 15... stand up from the surface of the surface layer 12 and stand in a forest with a height h of about 40 μm or less, forming microbites with a substantially uniform height and forming the grinding surface 14 (see Fig. 2A). . The ultra-hard abrasive grains 15, 15, . The grain size of the abrasive grains on the grinding surface 14 is coarse at the center, fine at the outer periphery, and gradually decreases from the center to the outer periphery. Generally, the grinding surface 14 of the rotary disk 3 is formed with a stronger grinding force than that of the grinding surface of the stationary disk 4. In addition, the surface layer 12
The formation of the super hard abrasive grains 15, 1 is done by applying metal plating on the base 10 or using synthetic resin or the like.
5... can be easily formed when fixing on the base 10.

Thus, the grinding surface 14 forms microbites that cut and grind the object to be ground, and on the other hand, the super hard abrasive grains 15, 15, . Therefore,
The gap between each tooth acts as a fine sieve, and among the finely ground substances, only those of a size that can pass through the gap are forced through by centrifugal force and are discharged to the outside. As a result, the grain shape becomes uniform. Incidentally, phase particles that cannot pass through this gap will still remain inside, but as time passes, they will eventually be finely pulverized and pass through this gap.

Next, the fixed disk 4 will be explained.
A grinding surface 24 having a lower grinding force than the grinding surface 14 of the rotary disk 3 is formed on the lower surface side of the fixed disk 4, that is, on the surface facing the grinding surface 14 of the rotary disk 3. This grinding surface 24 has abrasive particles (abrasive grains) 25, 25, .
... protrudes, forming microbites of approximately uniform height (Fig. 2B). Incidentally, a plurality of layers of abrasive particles 25, 25... are embedded in the outer layer 22 of this fixed disk 4, and as with the rotating disk 3, if truing or dressing is performed, the abrasive particles 25, 25... of the next layer can be utilized. Of course it is possible.

The grinding surface 24 is formed by arranging a large number of ultra-hard abrasive particles 25, 25, etc. on the base 30, as in the case of the grinding surface 4 of the rotary disk 3, and then applying metal plating or synthetic resin to the base 30. It can be formed by fixing it to the base.

Incidentally, the abrasive particles 25, 25, . If ... is diamond, it is formed using diamond, or if it is boron nitride, it is formed using boron nitride, and each grinding surface of rotating disk 3 and fixed disk 4 is perfectly balanced to maintain a clearance. Super hard abrasive grains 15, 15 on the rotating disk 3 side to maintain
The particle size of the abrasive particles 25, 25, . Therefore, in order to set a clearance between the rotating disk 3 and the fixed disk 4, the rotating disk 3 is gradually brought closer to the fixed disk 4,
Finally, when light contact is made between the two, so-called dressing (coarse particles on the rotating disk side have a relatively strong cutting force, and fine particles on the fixed disk side have a relatively weak cutting force, so the rotating disk The abrasive particles on the fixed disk side are not worn out, and only the abrasive particles on the fixed disk side are unilaterally subjected to cutting and worn away, resulting in a fit between the two, and the clearance is stabilized. In this way, this high-speed grinder 2 has a distance A between the opposing surfaces of both disks.
(Fig. 1), the object to be crushed is sent, and the object is moved outward by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotary disk 3, and is crushed and released. In this case, since the tooth-shaped ultra-hard abrasive grains 15, 15, . . . and the abrasive particles 25, 25, . Only those crushed enough to pass between the teeth of the ultra-hard abrasive grains are forced to pass through by centrifugal force and are ejected from the outer periphery of the disk. Therefore, the spaces between the teeth of the ultra-hard abrasive grains play the role of classification.

FIG. 4 shows a pulverizer 1 to which this high-speed grinder 2 is applied. In this figure, reference numeral 60 indicates a motor, 61 and 63 indicate pulleys, and 62 indicates a belt.
Reference numeral 64 indicates a guide opening of the cover for guiding the pulverized material.

Next, we actually used the pulverizer 1 (see Figure 4) to which this high-speed grinder 2 was applied (water was used as a refrigerant and suspension liquid) to produce fine pieces of river sand mainly composed of silica stone (the collected fine pieces). When we attempted to pulverize granular river sand (approximately φ1.5 mm or less, which was passed through a 12-mesh sieve), we obtained the following results. The test is based on the light transmission method.

44～20μm 17.2% 20～10μm 16.5% 10~4μm 12.3% 4~2μm 11.1% 2μm or less 42.9% The measurement of clearance is as follows.

●Protrusion rise 30 to 40μm ● Disc rotation runout +) 5 to 15μm ●Clearance 35 to 55μm However, the specification conditions are as follows.

[Specification conditions] (1) The diameter of both disks is 24cm; (2) Regarding the rotating disk; The surface shape is flat. Diamonds of the same grain size are implanted all over the grinding surface of the disc. However, diamond particle size No. 100 = 149 μm. The height of the rise of ultra-hard abrasive grains from the surface layer is 30~
40μm. Nickel is used as the fixing bond for implanting ultra-hard abrasive grains into the surface layer. The rotation speed is 3200-3400
revolutions/min. Motor power to drive the rotating disc
3.7kw; (3) Regarding the fixed disk; The fixed disk is concave. The material is alundum. Particle size is 100. The pores are filled with resin impregnation. The height of the "inclusion" is 3 mm at the circumference with a radius of 3.75 mm from the center; (4) Regarding the raw materials; Weight ratio: sand 1: water 4; (5) The passing speed of the raw materials is approximately 30 Kg/hr; The above test According to the data, no oversize of more than 44 μm occurred. Figure 5 shows the amount of change in sediment in the graduated cylinder over time (volume % of the graduated cylinder) when a sedimentation test was conducted in the graduated cylinder using this finely pulverized material.
It is expressed in a log-log graph. In this graph, M indicates the material that was subjected to the high-speed grinder four times, and N indicates the material that was subjected to the high-speed grinder once. Thus, for example, 2% sediment means, conversely, that 98% of the volume is comprised of colloidal floating matter and the clear liquid portion found at the top of the graduated cylinder. As is clear from this figure, the amount of sedimentation is generally smaller in the material that has been run through the high-speed grinder four times than in the material that has been run through the high-speed grinder once, but the difference is slight.
This high-speed grinder can be used once to grind the material into extremely fine particles, indicating that it has excellent grinding ability.

Furthermore, this high-speed grinder 2 (disc diameter
18cm, 20 mesh particles on the grinding surface, rotation speed 1500~
1800 revolutions/min, clearance between both discs 0.05
mm) in the presence of a refrigerant, the coarsely ground chicken shell was ground into a paste-like meat protein.
A colloidal material in which bone powder of 10 μm or less was dispersed was obtained. Therefore, when we measured the wear conditions of the rotating disk 3 and fixed disk 4 before and after crushing the chicken shell, we found h ₁ , h ₂ as shown in Figures 6A and 6B.
The relationship between l ₁ and l ₂ was h ₁ −h ₂ ≒0, and l ₁ −l ₂ ≒0.

In the above example, river sand and chicken shells were crushed, but this high-speed grinder can also be used to crush foods, fuels, paints, chemicals, inorganic materials (such as various ores, metals, ceramics), etc. Needless to say, it can be used for finely pulverizing inorganic substances (for example, solid substances of plants, animals, coal, petroleum residues, and various polymeric carbohydrates), electronic materials, microorganisms, etc.

As a modification of the grinding surface of the rotary disk, the grinding surface may be formed into a flat shape as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The shape of the grinding surface of the fixed disk is determined by the properties of the object to be crushed, but if the grinding surface 64 of the rotating disk 53 is formed flat, the shape of the grinding surface 7 of the fixed disk 54
4 may be formed in a slightly concave shape. This type of high-speed grinder 52 can be used for materials that are relatively easy to crush and grind.

In each of the above embodiments, an example was shown in which ultra-hard abrasive grains were implanted over the entire grinding surface of the rotary disk, but implantation at the center of the disk may be omitted. Further, the ground surface on the fixed disk side is formed by implanting an abrasive material into the outer layer.

Furthermore, if the object to be crushed is relatively hard or the shape of the crushed particles is uneven, such as flat or spindle-shaped, and a higher degree of grinding is required, a rotating disk 83 having a shape as shown in FIG. 9, It is preferable to use a fixed disk 84. In this case, the centrifugal force generated by the high speed forces the material against the stationary disk 84 and causes it to be cut. Further, as a modification of the shapes of the rotating disk and the fixed disk, the rotating disk 93 and the fixed disk 94 may have shapes as shown in FIG. 10.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.

Since the pulverized material is discharged outside the machine through the sieve formed by the ultra-hard abrasive grains in the rotating disk, there are few oversized pulverized materials, and it is easy to obtain finely pulverized material with the desired particle size. As well as being able to
Since stable clearance can be maintained, over-grinding is less likely to occur. In addition, since the cutting process is performed using ultra-hard micro-bites, the product particles are not crushed, the shape of the product particles is regular, and the cutting of the grinding surface is smooth.
The load during crushing work is light, and the crushing work efficiency per unit time is high.

In addition, because the material that forms the disk surface for grinding and pulverization is highly hard and suffers very little wear, it is possible to obtain a product with high purity with less separation and contamination of abrasive grains, as well as conduction and diffusion of heat generated at the tips of microbites. , the cooling effect of the refrigerant is significant, and there is no effect of heat on the product to be crushed.

Further, the degree of wear on the grinding surface of the rotary disk is low, and the service life is long, and the frequency of correcting the enlargement of the clearance and the frequency of repairing and replacing the disk surface are reduced, so that work efficiency can be improved.

In addition, even if the ultra-hard abrasive grains in the outermost layer of the rotary disk should wear out, tooling or dressing can be performed and the ultra-hard abrasive grains in the next layer can be used as abrasive particles.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a high-speed grinder according to the present invention, Figs. 2A and 2B are partially enlarged views thereof, Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fine pulverizer to which the high-speed grinder is applied, and Fig. 4 is its front view. Figure 5 is the 4th
Figure 6A is a graph showing the change over time of the precipitate in the graduated cylinder when a sedimentation test was conducted in the graduated cylinder using the two types of materials crushed by the pulverizer shown in the figure, and Figure 6A is shown in Figure 1. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the high-speed grinder before material crushing; FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state after crushing; FIGS. 7 to 10 are several other embodiments of the high-speed grinder according to the present invention. FIG. 1... Fine grinder, 2, 52... High speed grinder, 3, 53, 83, 93... Rotating disk,
4, 54, 84, 94...Fixed disk, 10...
... Base, 12 ... Surface layer, 14, 64 ... Grinding surface, 15 ... Super hard abrasive grain, 24, 74 ... Grinding surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotary disc and a fixed disc that face each other, a grinding surface is formed on the opposing surfaces of both discs, and the rotary disc is fixed to a shaft connected to a driving means, A high-speed grinder in which the grinding surfaces of the rotating disks are made up of hard abrasive grains, the grinding surfaces of both disks facing each other with a predetermined clearance, and the grinding surfaces of the rotating disks being close to each other. A micro-bite is formed by arranged ultra-hard abrasive grains to cut and crush the object to be crushed, and the grinding surface of the rotating disk is formed by applying a grinding force stronger than the grinding force of the grinding surface of the fixed disk. , wherein the rotating disk includes a base and a surface layer formed on the base, and a plurality of layers of ultrahard abrasive grains of the rotating disk are embedded in the surface layer. high speed grinder. 2. A high-speed grinder in a pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the grinding surface of the fixed disk is formed by embedding a plurality of layers of abrasive grains, and the grinding surface is formed as a grinding surface made of microbites. . 3. The fine pulverization according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grain size of the ultra-hard abrasive grains on the grinding surface of the rotating disk is coarser than the grain size of the abrasive grains on the grinding surface of the stationary disk. High speed grinder in machine. 4 A height of 100 μm in the surface layer of the rotating disk
A countless number of the ultra-hard abrasive grains are laid down and fixed, and some of the ultra-hard abrasive grains protrude from the surface of the surface layer with substantially uniform heights. A high-speed grinder in the pulverizer according to item 1. 5. The high-speed grinder in a pulverizer according to claim 4, wherein a portion of the ultra-hard abrasive grains protrudes by 40 μm from the surface of the rotating disk.