JPH0244661B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool in which a tool storage magazine is installed on the side of a column that guides and supports a spindle head that supports a spindle in a vertically movable manner. Equipped with a tool storage magazine that is guided and supported so that it can move forward and backward, moves the magazine body toward the spindle when changing tools, and retracts the magazine body to a position where it does not interfere with the movement of the spindle after the tool change is completed. It is related to machine tools.

In the case where a tool storage magazine is installed on the side of the column, when changing tools without using a tool changer, the magazine body holding a plurality of tools is guided and supported so that it can move forward and backward relative to the main axis of the machine tool, When changing tools, it is necessary to move the magazine body toward the spindle, and after the tool change is complete, it is necessary to retract the magazine body to a position where it does not interfere with the movement of the spindle. If this retracted position is close to the spindle, the workpiece There is a risk that chips scattered during machining may adhere to the tapered fitting surface of the tool held in the magazine body, making it impossible to attach the tool to the spindle in the correct orientation.

For this reason, it is better to move the magazine body back as far away from the spindle head as possible, but if you do this, not only will the moving stroke of the magazine body become large and the machine become larger, but also the magazine body will not move when changing tools. There is a problem in that it takes time to move forward and backward, and the time required to change tools becomes longer.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides an opening/closing cover on the magazine body side that shields the gap between the tool holder and the spindle, and when the opening/closing cover is moved toward the spindle side using the movement of the magazine body, the opening/closing cover is opened. death,
It is designed to be closed at the retracted position, so even if the retracted position of the magazine body is moved as close as possible to the spindle, there will be no influence of flying chips. Therefore, the advancing and retracting stroke of the magazine body can be reduced, making it easier to change tools. This provides a machine tool that takes less time.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a machine tool according to the present invention, where 1 is a bed and 2 is a table provided on the bed 1, which is slidable in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. 3 is a column fixedly installed on the bed 1 straddling the table 2; 4 is a column fixed to the table 2 on the column 3;
A saddle 5 is supported so as to be movable in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the saddle 4. A main shaft head 5 is provided on the saddle 4 so as to be movable in a vertical direction, and has a main shaft 6 in the vertical axis direction.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a tool storage magazine that holds tools T, and a support base 7 installed on the side of the column 3.
Above, the forward end position near the main shaft 6 and the main shaft 6
The vehicle is moved forward and backward between the rearward end position and the farthest rear end position.

The structure of this tool storage magazine 8 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a magazine body, which is moved on the support base 7 between the forward end position and the backward end position by a cylinder 11 for advancing and retracting the magazine. When the forward direction of the magazine body 10 is set to the front, the magazine body 10 has a support shaft 12 extending in the vertical axis direction at the front end thereof.
A drive sprocket 13, which is integral with a drive gear 14, is rotatably supported on the drive sprocket. 1
Reference numeral 5 denotes an indexing motor that rotationally drives the drive gear 14.

On the other hand, the rear end of the magazine body 10 has the support shaft 1
A support shaft 16 is provided along an axis parallel to the support shaft 16 such that the distance between the support shaft 12 and the support shaft 12 can be adjusted in order to adjust the tension of a chain 18 to be described later, and a driven sprocket 17 is rotatably supported by the support shaft 16. ing.

An endless chain 18 is stretched between the driving sprocket 13 and the driven sprocket 17, and a plurality of gripping claws 19 for detachably holding the tool T are coupled to the chain 11 at predetermined intervals.

The drive sprocket 13 and drive gear 14
A support shaft 20 is provided in the magazine body 10 passing through the center of the front support shaft 12 that supports the magazine body, and a pair of opening/closing covers 21 are supported on the support shaft 20 so as to be openable and closable.

The opening/closing cover 21 is an opening 3 of a fixed cover 31 that surrounds the front corner of the magazine body 10.
2 has a fan shape that covers the tool T held in the magazine body 10, and its key position is located at the support shaft 2.
0 serves as a turning support point.

A fixing pin 22 is provided at the upper part behind the pivot support point of the support shaft 20. As a means for fixing this fixing pin 22, a frame body 23 is fixedly installed on the support base 7, and the magazine body 10 is attached to this frame body 23.
The cross member 24 located above is fixed, and the fixing pin 22 is fixed to the cross member 24.

Further, a pivot pin 2 is provided on the upper surface of the opening/closing cover 21, which is located in front of the pivot support point by the support shaft 20.
5, and one end of a link 26 is pivotally supported on this pivot pin 25. A long hole 27 is formed in the other end of the link 26 in the longitudinal direction.
is slidably engaged with the fixing pin 22. Further, the fixed pin 22 and the pivot pin 2 of the link 26
A spring 28 that applies a turning force to the opening/closing cover 21 in the opening direction is tensioned between the opening and closing cover 21 and the vicinity of the pivot point 5 .

In the illustrated example, the opening/closing covers 21 are configured as a pair, and therefore, the fixing pin 22, pivot pin 25, link 26, and spring 28 are also provided as a pair to correspond to each opening/closing cover 21, and are double-opening. It is also possible that the pair of opening/closing covers 21 are combined into one shape, and the fixing pin 22, the pivot pin 25, the link 26, and the spring 28 are also configured as one piece that can be opened on one side.

In addition, 29 in the figure is an outer cover fixedly installed on the support base 7, and the opening 3 through which the magazine body 10 advances and retreats.
0, and the magazine body 10 is stored at the rearward end position of the magazine body 10.

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, at the rearward end position where the magazine body 10 is stored in the outer cover 29, the fixing pin 22
Since the link 26 is prevented from retreating and the pivot pin 25 of the open/close cover 21 is positioned forward with respect to the support shaft 20, the open/close cover 21 is held in a closed state and held by the magazine body 10. The tool T and the spindle 6 are separated from each other to prevent chips and the like scattered during workpiece machining from adhering to the tapered fitting surface of the tool T.

When the magazine body 10 moves forward toward the main shaft 6 during tool exchange, the link 26 tends to move linearly together with the magazine body 10. However, since this link 26 is pulled rearward by a spring 28, as the magazine body 10 moves forward, the position of the pivot pin 25 of the opening/closing cover 21 is moved rearward with respect to the support shaft 20 due to the tensile force of the spring 28. This causes the opening/closing cover 2 to be pulled.
1 pivots in the opening direction, and the magazine body 10 is fully opened at the forward end position near the main shaft 6. When the tool exchange is completed in this state and the magazine body 10 is moved backward, the link 26 is restricted from moving backward by the fixed pin 22, so the pivot pin 25 of the opening/closing cover 21 supports it against the tensile force of the spring 28. As a result, the opening/closing cover 21 pivots in the closing direction, and the outer cover 29
It is fully closed at the rearward end position, which is stored inside.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the opening/closing cover is provided which opens when the magazine body moves to the forward end and isolates the tool held by the magazine body from the main shaft when the magazine body moves to the backward end position, the magazine body The retracted position of the magazine body does not need to be located further away from the main shaft than necessary, so that the forward and backward stroke of the magazine body can be reduced, and the tool exchange time can be shortened.

In addition, since the opening/closing operation of the opening/closing cover utilizes the forward and backward movement of the magazine body, there is no need for a special actuator, which is very advantageous in terms of space, energy, and cost. , has the advantage of reliable operation with a simple structure consisting of a spring that applies a turning force to the opening/closing cover in the opening direction, and a link and fixing pin that actuates the opening/closing cover in the closing direction against the action of the spring. are doing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention;
The figure is a sectional view of the tool storage magazine, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 2. 1...Bed, 2...Table, 3...Column, 4...
Saddle, 5... Spindle head, 6... Spindle, 7... Support base, 8... Tool storage magazine, 10... Magazine body,
11...Magazine advance/retreat cylinder, 19...Gripping claw,
20...Support shaft, 21...Opening/closing cover, 22...fixing pin, 25...pivot pin, 26...link, 27...elongated hole, 28...spring, 31...fixing cover.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A machine tool having a spindle head that supports a spindle, and a tool storage magazine installed on the side of the spindle head, wherein a support base is installed on the side of the spindle head,
A tool holder that holds a plurality of tools is provided on the support base, and guides and supports a magazine body that is moved back and forth between a forward end position close to the main shaft and a backward end position far from the main shaft by a drive device, An opening/closing cover that shields between the tool holder and the main shaft is supported so as to be pivotable about a pivoting support point on the magazine body, and the tip of the link is attached to the opening/closing cover at a position forward of the pivoting support point. A fixing pin integral with the support base, which guides and supports the link so that it can slide in the advancing and retracting direction of the magazine main body and restricts the retreating end of the link, is moved to a position rearward from the pivot support point of the opening/closing cover. established,
A machine tool comprising a tool storage magazine in which a spring is inserted between the link and a fixed part integral with the support base to pull the link backward and apply a turning force in the opening direction to the opening/closing cover. 2. A machine tool equipped with a tool storage magazine according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing cover is comprised of a pair of cover members that open and close in opposite directions.