JPH024865B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH024865B2 JPH024865B2 JP7048879A JP7048879A JPH024865B2 JP H024865 B2 JPH024865 B2 JP H024865B2 JP 7048879 A JP7048879 A JP 7048879A JP 7048879 A JP7048879 A JP 7048879A JP H024865 B2 JPH024865 B2 JP H024865B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- bias current
- josephson junction
- junction
- resistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、ジヨゼフソン接合の発生する電圧を
利用して電圧を測定する装置に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for measuring voltage using the voltage generated by a Josefson junction.
第１図はこの種の装置の原理図である。この装
置において、JCは液体ヘリウムが入つたクライ
オスタツトCS中に置かれる超伝導状態に維持さ
れているジヨゼフソン接合部で、ここにはマイク
ロ波発振器OCSからマイクロ波が照射されてい
る。このジヨゼフソン接合部JCに直流電源E1が
可変抵抗Rv1を介して電流Ｉを流すと、接合部JC
の電圧は、流れる電流Ｉに対して第２図に示すよ
うに階段状に変化する。この階段状の電流・電圧
特性はシヤピロステツプと呼ばれており、１ステ
ツプ電圧Voと、照射したマイクロ波の周波数f0
との間には(1)式に示すような関係がある。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of this type of device. In this device, JC is a Josephson junction kept in a superconducting state placed in a cryostat CS containing liquid helium, and is irradiated with microwaves from a microwave oscillator OCS. When the DC power supply E 1 passes a current I through the variable resistor Rv 1 to this Josefson junction JC, the junction JC
The voltage changes stepwise with respect to the flowing current I, as shown in FIG. This step-like current/voltage characteristic is called a sharp step, and one step voltage Vo and the frequency of the irradiated microwave f 0
There is a relationship as shown in equation (1).
Vo＝hfo／2e (1)
ただし、
ｈ：プランク定数
ｅ：電子の電荷
また、ステツプのｎ番目の電圧はnxVoで表わ
され、このnVoで表わされる標準電圧は、ガルバ
ノメータG2を介して抵抗R2の両端に与えられて
いる。被測定電圧Exは、ガルバノメータG1を介
して抵抗R1の両端に与えられている。抵抗R1と
抵抗R2とは直列接続され、この直列回路には、
直流電源E2から抵抗Rv2を介して電流I1が流れて
いる。 Vo=hfo/2e (1) where h: Planck's constant e: electron charge Also, the nth voltage of the step is expressed as nxVo, and the standard voltage expressed as nVo is applied to the resistor through the galvanometer G2. R is given at both ends of 2 . The voltage to be measured Ex is applied to both ends of the resistor R1 via the galvanometer G1 . Resistor R 1 and resistor R 2 are connected in series, and this series circuit includes:
A current I 1 is flowing from a DC power source E 2 via a resistor Rv 2 .
このように構成した装置において、被測定電圧
Exを測定する場合、まずはじめにジヨゼフソン
接合部JCにマイクロ波を照射しない状態で、ガ
ルバノメータG1が零となるように可変抵抗Rv2を
調整する。次にジヨゼフソン接合部JCにマイク
ロ波を照射した状態で可変抵抗Rv1を調整し、ジ
ヨゼフソン接合部に適当な電圧を発生させ、続い
て、ガルバノメータG2が零となるようにマイク
ロ波の周波数f0を調整する。このように調整する
と、(2)式、(3)式が成立し、これから被測定電圧
Exは(4)式で表わせれる。 In a device configured in this way, the voltage to be measured is
When measuring Ex, first adjust the variable resistor Rv 2 so that the galvanometer G 1 becomes zero without irradiating the Josephson junction JC with microwaves. Next, adjust the variable resistor Rv 1 while irradiating the Josephson junction JC with microwaves to generate an appropriate voltage at the Josephson junction, and then adjust the microwave frequency f so that the galvanometer G 2 becomes zero. Adjust 0 . When adjusted in this way, equations (2) and (3) are established, and from this the voltage to be measured can be calculated.
Ex can be expressed by equation (4).
I1・R1＝Ex (2)
I1・R2＝nVo＝ｎ・hf0／2e (3)
Ex＝R1／R2・ｎ・hf0／2e (4)
ところで、このような原理に基づく電圧測定装
置においては、この装置を動作させるためには、
装定前において
(a) ジヨゼフソン接合部に照射するマイクロ波の
パワーが最適値に調整されていること、
(b) ジヨゼフソン接合部に流すバイアス電流が最
適値に調整されていること、
(c) ジヨゼフソン接合部から得られる電圧nVo、
すなわちステツプ数の測定が適確に行なえるこ
と、
等が特に要求される。 I 1・R 1 =Ex (2) I 1・R 2 =nVo=n・hf 0 /2e (3) Ex=R 1 /R 2・n・hf 0 /2e (4) By the way, such a principle In order to operate this device, in a voltage measuring device based on
Before installation, (a) the power of the microwave irradiated to the Josephson junction has been adjusted to the optimum value, (b) the bias current flowing through the Josephson junction has been adjusted to the optimum value, (c) The voltage nVo obtained from the Josephson junction,
In other words, it is particularly required that the number of steps can be measured accurately.
本発明は、このような要求に適い、かつ各調整
が容易に行なえる取扱いの容易な電圧測定装置を
実現しようとするものである。 The present invention aims to realize an easy-to-handle voltage measuring device that satisfies these requirements and allows for easy adjustment.
第３図は本発明の一実施例を示す構成ブロツク
図である。図において、第１図の各部分と対応す
る部分には同一符号を付して示す。マイクロ波発
振器OSCは周波数安定化装置２によつてその周
波数f0が安定化され、ここからのマイクロ波は減
衰器３を介してジヨゼフソン接合部JCに照射さ
れている。４は抵抗R1と抵抗R2との直列接続回
路に極性切換スイツチS3を介して電流I1を供給す
る電流源である。ジヨゼフソン接合部JCに発生
した標準電圧nVoは、熱超電力打消しのための電
圧が生ずる抵抗G2を介して抵抗R2の両端に与え
られているとともに、端子１１，１２間に与えら
れている。被測定電圧ExはスイツチS1、ガルバ
ノメータG1を介して抵抗R1の両端に与えられて
いる。５は可変直流電圧発生器、６はこの直流電
圧発生器５からの直流電圧Eoとの端子１１，１
２間から得られる標準電圧nVoとの差電圧を検出
し増幅する直流増幅器で、これらはジヨゼフソン
接合部からの標準電圧nVoを測定するために設け
られている。７はジヨゼフソン接合部JCに極性
切換スイツチS4を介してバイアス電流を供給する
バイアス電流源、８は三角波発生器で、ジヨゼフ
ソン接合部JCに流すバイアス電流Ｉの値を、バ
イアス電流源７で設定されたバイアス電流設定値
Isを中心としてある電流幅で変化させる役目をす
る。９は直流増幅器６からの信号、すなわち、ジ
ヨゼフソン接合部からの標準電圧nVoをＹ軸入力
とし、三角波発生器８からの信号をＸ軸入力とす
るオシロスコープあるいはＸ−Ｙレコーダであ
る。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. The frequency f 0 of the microwave oscillator OSC is stabilized by a frequency stabilizer 2, and the microwave from this is irradiated to the Josephson junction JC via an attenuator 3. Reference numeral 4 denotes a current source that supplies a current I1 to a series connection circuit of a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 via a polarity changeover switch S3 . The standard voltage nVo generated at the Josefson junction JC is applied across the resistor R 2 via the resistor G 2 where a voltage for canceling the thermal superpower is generated, and also between the terminals 11 and 12. There is. The voltage to be measured Ex is applied to both ends of a resistor R 1 via a switch S 1 and a galvanometer G 1 . 5 is a variable DC voltage generator, and 6 is a terminal 11, 1 connected to the DC voltage Eo from this DC voltage generator 5.
These DC amplifiers detect and amplify the voltage difference between the standard voltage nVo obtained from the Josephson junction and are provided to measure the standard voltage nVo from the Josephson junction. 7 is a bias current source that supplies a bias current to the Josefson junction JC via the polarity switching switch S4 , 8 is a triangular wave generator, and the bias current source 7 sets the value of the bias current I flowing through the Josephson junction JC. Bias current setting value
It serves to change the current width around Is. Reference numeral 9 denotes an oscilloscope or an X-Y recorder which takes the signal from the DC amplifier 6, ie, the standard voltage nVo from the Josephson junction, as the Y-axis input, and the signal from the triangular wave generator 8 as the X-axis input.
このように構成した装置において、被測定電圧
Exを測定する場合、測定に先だつて次のような
回路調整を行なう。 In a device configured in this way, the voltage to be measured is
When measuring Ex, make the following circuit adjustments prior to measurement.
ジヨゼフソン接合部JCに周波数f0の適当な大
きさのマイクロ波を照射し、ジヨゼフソン接合
部JCにバイアス電流を流して適当な大きさの
標準電圧を発生させておく。 A microwave of an appropriate magnitude with a frequency f 0 is irradiated to the Josephson junction JC, and a bias current is passed through the Josephson junction JC to generate a standard voltage of an appropriate magnitude.
可変直流電圧発生器５の出力電圧Eoを調整
し、直流増幅器６の出力が零となるように、即
ち、ジヨゼフソン接合部JCからの標準電圧に
可変直流電圧発生器５の出力電圧Eoが等しく
なるようにする。この状態における可変直流電
圧発生器５の出力電圧Eoは、(5)式で表わされ
るので、(5)式からステツプ数ｎを定める。 The output voltage Eo of the variable DC voltage generator 5 is adjusted so that the output of the DC amplifier 6 is zero, that is, the output voltage Eo of the variable DC voltage generator 5 is equal to the standard voltage from the Josephson junction JC. Do it like this. Since the output voltage Eo of the variable DC voltage generator 5 in this state is expressed by equation (5), the number of steps n is determined from equation (5).
Eo＝ｎ・ｈ／2e・ｆ (5)
次に、バイアス電流Ｉに三角波信号を加えた
状態で、減衰器３を調整し、これによつてマイ
クロ波照射パワーを調整し、オシロスコープ９
においてＹ＝０付近、すなわちnVo＝Eo付近
で第４図に示すようにステツプの電流幅ｌが最
大となるようにする。 Eo=n・h/2e・f (5) Next, with the triangular wave signal added to the bias current I, the attenuator 3 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the microwave irradiation power, and the oscilloscope 9
In this case, the current width l of the step is set to be maximum near Y=0, that is, near nVo=Eo, as shown in FIG.
次に三角波発生器８の電流幅を１ステツプが
オシロスコープ９に表示するように調整すると
ともに、バイアス電流に三角波信号を加えた状
態で、オシロスコープ９のｘ＝０にステツプの
電流幅（フラツト領域）の中心Ｃがくるように
ジヨゼフソンバイアス電流源７の設定値Isを調
整する。 Next, adjust the current width of the triangular wave generator 8 so that one step is displayed on the oscilloscope 9, and with the triangular wave signal added to the bias current, the current width of the step (flat region) at x = 0 on the oscilloscope 9. Adjust the set value Is of the Josephson bias current source 7 so that the center C of
以上の操作によつて前記した(a)〜(c)の要求を容
易に適えることができる。なお、前記、の操
作によつて、マイクロ波の強さがステツプ幅ｌの
最大となるように調整するとともにジヨゼフソン
バイアス電流源７の設定値Isをステツプの電流幅
の中心Ｃにくるように設定調整しておくと、電圧
測定時においてバイアス電流の設定値Isが多少変
動したとしてもnVoの値はフラツトの領域内にあ
つても変化せず、高精度の電圧測定が行なえるの
である。 Through the above operations, the requirements (a) to (c) described above can be easily met. By the above operation, the intensity of the microwave is adjusted to be the maximum of the step width l, and the set value Is of the Josephson bias current source 7 is adjusted to the center C of the step current width. By adjusting the setting to , even if the bias current setting value Is changes slightly during voltage measurement, the value of nVo will not change even if it is within the flat region, allowing highly accurate voltage measurement. .
前記〜の操作終了後は、可変直流電源発生
器５、直流増幅器６、三角波発生器８およびオシ
ロスコープ９はその接続が解かれ、第１図で説明
したように、分圧抵抗器R1，R2の分圧比R1／R2
および照射したマイクロ波の周波数f0からの被測
定電圧Exの値が求められる。 After the above operations are completed, the variable DC power generator 5, the DC amplifier 6, the triangular wave generator 8, and the oscilloscope 9 are disconnected, and the voltage dividing resistors R 1 and R are connected as explained in FIG. Partial pressure ratio of 2 R 1 / R 2
Then, the value of the voltage to be measured Ex from the frequency f 0 of the irradiated microwave is determined.
本発明に係る装置によれば、被測定電圧測定前
に行なう各種の定数の設定調整を最少の時間で容
易に行なうことができ、取扱いの容易な高精度電
位差計が実現できる。 According to the device according to the present invention, settings and adjustments of various constants performed before measuring the voltage to be measured can be easily performed in a minimum amount of time, and a high-precision potentiometer that is easy to handle can be realized.
第１図はジヨゼフソン接合の発生する電圧を利
用した電圧測定装置の原理図、第２図はその動作
波形図、第３図は本発明の一実施例を示す構成ブ
ロツク図、第４図は第３図装置において、被測定
電圧測定前における各種の値を調整する場合のス
テツプ特性図である。
JC……ジヨゼフソン接合部、OSC……マイク
ロ波発振器、３……減衰器、４……電流源、５…
…可変直流電圧発生器、６……直流増幅器、７…
…バイアス電流源、８……三角波発生器、９……
オシロスコープ。
Fig. 1 is a principle diagram of a voltage measuring device that uses the voltage generated by a Josefson junction, Fig. 2 is its operating waveform diagram, Fig. 3 is a configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a FIG. 3 is a step characteristic diagram when adjusting various values before measuring the voltage to be measured in the device shown in FIG. JC...Josefson junction, OSC...Microwave oscillator, 3...Attenuator, 4...Current source, 5...
...Variable DC voltage generator, 6...DC amplifier, 7...
...Bias current source, 8...Triangular wave generator, 9...
oscilloscope.
Claims (1)
と、このジヨゼフソン接合部にマイクロ波を照射
する手段と、ジヨゼフソン接合部にバイアス電流
を流すバイアス電流源と、可変抵抗及び少なくと
も２つの抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の直列接続からなる直列
回路と、この直列回路に電流を流す直流電源４
と、被測定電圧と前記一方の抵抗Ｒ１に生ずる電
圧とを比較するガルバノメータＧ１と、他方の抵
抗Ｒ２に生ずる電圧とジヨゼフソン接合部に生ず
る基準電圧とを比較するガルバノメータＧ２とを
備えた電圧測定装置において、 前記ジヨゼフソン接合部に照射するマイクロ波
の照射パワーを調整する手段３と、 可変直流電圧発生器５と、 前記バイアス電流源からのバイアス電流をバイ
アス電流設定値Isを中心として所定の電流幅で変
化させる三角波発生器８と、 前記ジヨゼフソン接合部からの標準電圧と前記
可変直流電圧発生器からの電圧との差電圧を増幅
する直流増幅器６と、 この直流増幅器からの信号をＹ軸入力、前記三
角波発生器からの信号をＸ軸入力とし、両信号の
関係を表示する表示手段９と を設けたことを特徴とする電圧測定装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A Josephson junction maintained in a superconducting state, means for irradiating the Josephson junction with microwaves, a bias current source for passing a bias current through the Josephson junction, a variable resistor, and at least two A series circuit consisting of two resistors R1 and R2 connected in series, and a DC power source 4 that flows current through this series circuit.
A voltage measuring device comprising: a galvanometer G1 that compares the voltage to be measured with the voltage generated across the one resistor R1; and a galvanometer G2 that compares the voltage generated across the other resistor R2 with a reference voltage generated across the Josephson junction. means 3 for adjusting the irradiation power of the microwave irradiated to the Josefson junction; a variable DC voltage generator 5; and a bias current from the bias current source to a predetermined current width centered around the bias current setting value Is. a DC amplifier 6 that amplifies the difference voltage between the standard voltage from the Josefson junction and the voltage from the variable DC voltage generator; and a Y-axis input for the signal from this DC amplifier; A voltage measuring device characterized in that the signal from the triangular wave generator is used as an X-axis input, and display means 9 is provided for displaying the relationship between the two signals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7048879A JPS55162065A (en) | 1979-06-04 | 1979-06-04 | Voltage measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7048879A JPS55162065A (en) | 1979-06-04 | 1979-06-04 | Voltage measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS55162065A JPS55162065A (en) | 1980-12-17 |
| JPH024865B2 true JPH024865B2 (en) | 1990-01-30 |
Family
ID=13432945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7048879A Granted JPS55162065A (en) | 1979-06-04 | 1979-06-04 | Voltage measuring device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55162065A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3114171B1 (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2023-05-19 | Paris Sciences Et Lettres – Quartier Latin | Voltage source and method for calibrating this voltage source |
| CN119291254B (en) * | 2024-09-23 | 2025-09-02 | 中国计量科学研究院 | An adaptive tuning method for generating pulse-driven AC quantum voltage |
-
1979
- 1979-06-04 JP JP7048879A patent/JPS55162065A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55162065A (en) | 1980-12-17 |
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