JPH0252236B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0252236B2 JPH0252236B2 JP60135453A JP13545385A JPH0252236B2 JP H0252236 B2 JPH0252236 B2 JP H0252236B2 JP 60135453 A JP60135453 A JP 60135453A JP 13545385 A JP13545385 A JP 13545385A JP H0252236 B2 JPH0252236 B2 JP H0252236B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- titanium
- base material
- present
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical group [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Landscapes
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は核融合炉の壁材等として有用な水素透
過防止構造材に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a structural material for preventing hydrogen permeation useful as a wall material of a nuclear fusion reactor.
核融合炉では、拡散や電荷交換によつてプラズ
マから漏出した水素同位体が上記プラズマを囲ん
でいる容器、例えば、ステンレス鋼からなる第一
壁に照射される。この第一壁に照射されてその材
料中に入り込んだ上記水素同位体の大部分は、プ
ラズマ側の材料表面に拡散して上記プラズマ側に
再放出され、或いは上記プラズマ中から飛び出し
た中性子または水素同位体やヘリウム等の照射に
よつて上記壁材料中に生じた格子欠陥に捕捉され
る。しかしながら、その一部は第一壁中を拡散し
て冷却水側に透過する。この第一壁を透過して冷
却水側に漏れる水素同位体がトリチウムの場合、
その冷却系機器の放射能汚染を招き、上記冷却水
系機器の保守、補修の大きな障害が発生する。し
たがつて上記汚染・障害を防止するためには、水
素同位体の透過を防止・抑制しうる構造材が要望
されている。
In a nuclear fusion reactor, hydrogen isotopes leaked from the plasma due to diffusion or charge exchange are irradiated onto a container surrounding the plasma, for example a first wall made of stainless steel. Most of the hydrogen isotopes that are irradiated onto this first wall and enter the material are diffused to the material surface on the plasma side and re-emitted to the plasma side, or neutrons or hydrogen ejected from the plasma. It is trapped in lattice defects created in the wall material by irradiation with isotopes, helium, etc. However, some of it diffuses through the first wall and permeates to the cooling water side. If the hydrogen isotope that passes through this first wall and leaks to the cooling water side is tritium,
This leads to radioactive contamination of the cooling system equipment, causing major problems in maintenance and repair of the cooling water system equipment. Therefore, in order to prevent the above-mentioned contamination and damage, there is a need for a structural material that can prevent and suppress the permeation of hydrogen isotopes.
上記の例のほか、例えば多目的高温ガス炉にお
いて、二次側の水素ガスが一次側ヘリウムガス中
に透過すると、その水素ガスによつて炉心が損傷
を受ける恐れがあるため、熱交換器の伝熱壁材料
として水素の透過を防止しうる材料が要望されて
いる。 In addition to the above examples, for example, in a multipurpose high-temperature gas reactor, if hydrogen gas on the secondary side permeates into the helium gas on the primary side, the reactor core may be damaged by the hydrogen gas, so the heat exchanger There is a need for a material that can prevent hydrogen permeation as a thermal wall material.
しかしながら、水素同位体の透過を有効に抑制
または防止できる、核融合炉の壁材等としての構
造材は未だ開発されるに到つていない。 However, a structural material such as a wall material for a fusion reactor that can effectively suppress or prevent the permeation of hydrogen isotopes has not yet been developed.
本発明は、上記要望を満足させるためになされ
たもので、水素同位体の透過を効果的に防止また
は抑制できる水素透過防止構造材を提供すること
を目的とする。
The present invention was made to satisfy the above-mentioned needs, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen permeation prevention structural material that can effectively prevent or suppress the permeation of hydrogen isotopes.
本発明の水素透過防止構造材は、ベース材に、
好ましくは、ステンレス鋼から成るベース材にチ
タン濃度の高い領域を形成したことを特徴とする
ものである。
The hydrogen permeation prevention structural material of the present invention has a base material including:
Preferably, it is characterized in that a region with a high titanium concentration is formed in a base material made of stainless steel.
以下図面を参照して本発明の実施例について説
明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は実施例に係る水素透過防止構造材の模
式的な構造図であり、１は核融合炉の壁材のベー
ス材である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen permeation prevention structural material according to an example, and 1 is a base material of a wall material of a fusion reactor.
このベース材の材質は、本発明において特に限
定されず、核融合炉の構造材として用いることの
できるものであればいずれのものでもよい。例え
ば、ステンレス鋼、炭素鋼、耐熱合金、アルミ合
金、ニツケル合金、セラミツクなどがあるが、好
ましくはステンレス鋼である。 The material of this base material is not particularly limited in the present invention, and any material may be used as long as it can be used as a structural material of a fusion reactor. Examples include stainless steel, carbon steel, heat-resistant alloys, aluminum alloys, nickel alloys, and ceramics, with stainless steel being preferred.
また２はベース材１の内部に形成されたチタン
高濃度領域である。チタン高濃度領域２は、チタ
ン濃度の分布を表す第２図ａに示すようにベース
材１中に一つの層を成すようにしても、第２図ｂ
のようにベース材中に多数の層をなすようにして
も第２図ｃのようにベース全体に亘つて均一に形
成しても、さらに第２図ｄに示すように濃度勾配
をつけてもよい。 Further, reference numeral 2 denotes a titanium high concentration region formed inside the base material 1. Even if the titanium high concentration region 2 is formed as one layer in the base material 1 as shown in FIG. 2a showing the titanium concentration distribution, the titanium high concentration region 2 is
Even if a large number of layers are formed in the base material as shown in FIG. good.
本明細書において「チタン高濃度領域」とは、
ベース材中を通過しようとする水素同位体を有効
に保持して水素同位体の透過を防止することので
きる濃度のチタンを含有する領域を指し、ベース
材質の種類、上記した領域の形態などによつてチ
タン濃度を適宜変更することができる。本発明に
おいて、例えば、ベース材にチタン板をグラツド
させても、またベース材の冷却水側表面にチタン
メツキを施してもよいので、チタン濃度は実質的
に100重量％以下である。 In this specification, "titanium high concentration region" means
Refers to a region that contains titanium at a concentration that can effectively retain hydrogen isotopes that are about to pass through the base material and prevent hydrogen isotopes from passing through. Therefore, the titanium concentration can be changed as appropriate. In the present invention, for example, a titanium plate may be attached to the base material, or titanium plating may be applied to the cooling water side surface of the base material, so that the titanium concentration is substantially 100% by weight or less.
この発明の構造材は次のような作用をするもの
と考えられる。
The structural material of the present invention is thought to have the following effects.
拡散や電荷交換によつてプラズマ３から漏出し
た中性子４および水素同位体５は、第１図に示す
ように、壁のベース材１を、照射する。大部分は
プラズマ側に再放出されるが、一部は透過しよう
とするが、チタン高濃度領域２のチタンが水素同
位体をトラツプし、水素透過を防止する。 Neutrons 4 and hydrogen isotopes 5 leaked from the plasma 3 due to diffusion and charge exchange irradiate the base material 1 of the wall, as shown in FIG. Most of it is re-emitted to the plasma side, but some of it tries to pass through, but the titanium in the high titanium concentration region 2 traps the hydrogen isotope and prevents hydrogen from passing through.
第３図は、10keVのD3 +をステンレス鋼および
Tiに1018ions／cm2照射しそれらの材料中に保持さ
れた重水素の量を温度の関数として示したもので
ある。本結果によればチタン中に照射された重水
素はほぼ100％トラツプされることを示している。
一方、ステンレス鋼では300Kくらいの温度では
1017ions／cm2程度保持され500Kくらいの温度では
５×1016ions／cm2以下しか保持されていない。す
なわちチタンではステンレス鋼の10倍以上の保持
能力がある。従つて、ベース材にチタン高濃度領
域を形成せしめると、プラズマ側からチタン高濃
度領域に拡散してきた水素同位体はチタン高濃度
領域に保持され冷却水側に透過できなくなるとい
う本発明の構造材の作用が実証される。 Figure 3 shows 10keV D 3 + on stainless steel and
The amount of deuterium retained in Ti irradiated with 10 18 ions/cm 2 is shown as a function of temperature. This result shows that almost 100% of the deuterium irradiated into titanium is trapped.
On the other hand, stainless steel has a temperature of about 300K.
About 10 17 ions/cm 2 is maintained, and at a temperature of about 500K, only 5×10 16 ions/cm 2 or less is maintained. In other words, titanium has more than 10 times the retention capacity of stainless steel. Therefore, in the structural material of the present invention, when a high titanium concentration region is formed in the base material, hydrogen isotopes that have diffused from the plasma side to the titanium high concentration region are retained in the titanium high concentration region and cannot pass through to the cooling water side. The effect of this is demonstrated.
上記の水素同位体に関する特性は、おもに化学
的性質に基くものであるから、水素同位体である
軽水素、重水素、トリチウムの間での違いはほと
んどない。したがつて、単にトリチウムの透過防
止のみならず重水素等の透過防止にも利用するこ
とができる。 The above characteristics regarding hydrogen isotopes are mainly based on chemical properties, so there are almost no differences among hydrogen isotopes such as light hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium. Therefore, it can be used not only to prevent the permeation of tritium but also to prevent the permeation of deuterium and the like.
また、核融合炉材料について説明したが、本発
明の構造材の作用が上述した通りであることか
ら、前述した高温ガス炉の熱交換器伝熱壁等、水
素同位体の透過を防止するための材料としても本
発明の構造材が働くと考えられる。 In addition, although the fusion reactor material has been explained, since the action of the structural material of the present invention is as described above, it can be used to prevent the permeation of hydrogen isotopes, such as the heat exchanger heat transfer wall of the high temperature gas reactor mentioned above. It is thought that the structural material of the present invention will also work as a material for.
本発明の構造材によつて、トリチウム等の水素
同位体が核融合炉壁を透過することを有効に防止
することができる。 The structural material of the present invention can effectively prevent hydrogen isotopes such as tritium from permeating the fusion reactor wall.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る水素透過防止構
造材の構造を説明するための略図、第２図はベー
ス材に形成されるチタン濃度の高い領域を示す
図、第３図はステンレス鋼およびチタンに注入さ
れた重水素の保持量と温度の関係を示す特性図で
ある。
１…ベース材、２…チタン高濃度領域、３…プ
ラズマ、４…中性子、５…水素同位体。
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a hydrogen permeation prevention structural material according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a region with high titanium concentration formed in the base material, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of stainless steel. and a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of retained deuterium injected into titanium and temperature. 1... Base material, 2... Titanium high concentration region, 3... Plasma, 4... Neutron, 5... Hydrogen isotope.
Claims (1)
ることを特徴とする水素透過防止構造材。 ２ ベース材がステンレス鋼から成る特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の水素透過防止構造材。[Scope of Claims] 1. A structural material for preventing hydrogen permeation, characterized in that a high titanium concentration region is formed in a base material. 2. The hydrogen permeation prevention structural material according to claim 1, wherein the base material is made of stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60135453A JPS61294390A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | Hydrogen permeation preventive structure material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60135453A JPS61294390A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | Hydrogen permeation preventive structure material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61294390A JPS61294390A (en) | 1986-12-25 |
| JPH0252236B2 true JPH0252236B2 (en) | 1990-11-09 |
Family
ID=15152063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60135453A Granted JPS61294390A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | Hydrogen permeation preventive structure material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61294390A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-06-21 JP JP60135453A patent/JPS61294390A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61294390A (en) | 1986-12-25 |
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