JPH0256953B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multistage sorting device for sorting beans such as soybeans, adzuki beans, coffee, and other grains.

As shown in FIG.
When the particles are fed at a constant rate by the electromagnetic feeder b to the upper part of the gutter-shaped piece C, which has a V-shaped cross section, the particles slide down the gutter-shaped piece C while aligning in a row, and then form a tapered shape. Grains fall from the terminal end along the falling trajectory along the lengthwise extension line of the gutter type piece C, leaving a slight interval in sequence, and during the fall, particles with defects such as discoloration or black scratches are detected by the photoelectric detection device. Sorting is carried out by blowing the air into the separated orbit by the action of a solenoid valve e for injecting compressed air based on the detection of air d.

This conventional device connects the electromagnetic feeder b to the gutter type piece C.
The grains that have fallen to the top are accelerated at a constant rate as they slide down the gutter-shaped piece C, and when they fall from the terminal end to the falling trajectory, they fall sequentially at intervals, resulting in a single particle due to gravity. The defective grains are rejected by the method of identifying one grain at a time in the photoelectric detection device while ensuring the quality of the grains.

Although this conventional device has a certain sorting ability, there is a problem in that when the amount of grains supplied to the gutter type piece C is increased in order to increase the amount of sorting processing per hour, the sorting accuracy decreases. This is because when the amount of grains supplied is increased, in the gutter type piece C, the grains are aligned in a line due to the gravity of the grains and the mutual collision of the grains, but the distance between the grains becomes very small.

In such a case, if the particles are larger than standard, deformed, or have different surface conditions, they will slide on the gutter piece C and the resistance when falling from the end part will increase. is not constant,
As a result, two or three particles fall from the gutter type piece C onto the falling trajectory in a stuck state. For this reason, there is a situation in which the photoelectric detection device d, which distinguishes one particle and emits a signal, distinguishes two particles stuck together as one, and only gives one signal to the solenoid valve e. occurred, and when two particles stuck together should have been eliminated together, only one was eliminated and the remaining one fell into the falling trajectory. .

If the supply amount per hour is increased in this way, the problem arises that the uniformity of particles due to gravity cannot be ensured, resulting in a decrease in sorting accuracy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the inventor of this application proposed a device in which the conventional device is made into two stages, that is, particles that fall without being separated by the separating means in the sorting and separating means in the first device. Attempts were made to sort and separate using a device in which a second gutter-shaped piece was placed on the falling trajectory of the device, and a second photoelectric detection device and a second electromagnetic valve were installed below it, but the separation from the electromagnetic feeder in the first device was attempted. Unlike the case where the particles fall onto the first gutter mold piece, particles that are not separated by the first device and fall as they are are accelerated while sliding down on the first gutter mold piece. This caused a situation in which when it fell onto the second gutter mold piece, it jumped and was scattered outside the second gutter mold piece. In order to solve this problem, a cover plate was attached to the opening of the second gutter type piece so as to face the bottom part. The particles collide many times, which causes the particles to slide down quickly along the bottom, causing them to tumble or stumble, and
Because the falling point at the end of the gutter-shaped piece was not determined, the falling trajectory was not constant and it could not be put to practical use.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve the sorting efficiency without reducing the sorting accuracy.

Next, this invention will be explained based on one embodiment shown in the drawings.

1 is a hopper, 2 is an electromagnetic feeder, 3 is an elongated gutter-shaped piece inclined at an appropriate angle in the vertical direction, and this gutter-shaped piece 3 has a V-shaped cross section and a rounded bottom, and the rounded bottom is tapered. In other words, it is wide at the top, narrows toward the bottom, and has a size slightly larger than the average diameter of the particles at the end. A first sorting and separating means is arranged below and adjacent to the gutter type piece 3. The first sorting and separating means is composed of a photoelectric detection device 4 consisting of a detection section 4a and a colorimetric section 4b, which are composed of a light source, a lens, a slit, a phototube, etc., and a solenoid valve 5 for injecting compressed air. Detection section 4a and colorimetric section 4b of photoelectric detection device 4
are arranged to face both sides of the falling trajectory of the particles, and the solenoid valve 5 is provided with its nozzle 5a facing the falling trajectory.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a second gutter-shaped piece provided below the first sorting and separation means along the falling trajectory, and like the first gutter-shaped piece 3, the cross section is V-shaped and the bottom is rounded. .
The upper halves of both side walls at the upper part of this gutter-shaped piece 6 are cut off, and the cut out portions of both side walls have an inclination that becomes gentler toward the upper end to form an inlet 7. Reference numeral 8 denotes a lid plate that covers the cut-out upper opening of the gutter-shaped piece 6, and is provided so as to have the same inclination angle as a restraining plate 9, which will be described later. 9 is a restraining plate made of elastic material such as plastic or spring steel;
This restraining plate 9 is formed into a tapered shape, with a wide base end fixed to the cover plate 8, a narrow tip end serving as a free end, and a bottom part as it reaches the terminal end of the gutter-shaped piece 6. It is fitted loosely into the groove of the gutter-shaped piece 6 by slanting it so that the interval between the two is small. Reference numeral 10 denotes an outlet formed between the bottom of the gutter type piece 6 and the tip of the restraining plate 9 at the terminal end of the gutter type piece 6, and restricts the place where particles fall.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a pressing spring whose tip is engaged with the tip of the restraining plate 9, and the outlet 10 is set to a size that allows particles of the minimum size to pass through. Press it 11
The base end of the gutter-shaped piece 6 is fixed to a fixing plate 12 attached to the flange 6a of the gutter-shaped piece 6. 13 is an adjustment screw for the pressing spring, and 14 is a screw 13 that can be formed integrally with the fixing plate 12.
The supporting piece 15 indicates a spring for preventing the restraining plate 9 from lifting up.

Below the second gutter type piece 6, there is a second sorting and separating means similar to the first sorting and separating means, that is, a photoelectric detection device 1 consisting of a detection section 16a and a colorimetric section 16b.
6 and a solenoid valve 17 for compressed air injection are provided.

According to the sorting device of the present invention, which performs sorting by increasing the amount of materials to be sorted per hour compared to conventional devices, particles are supplied from the hopper 1 and sent into the gutter mold piece 3 in large quantities by the electromagnetic feeder 2. teeth,
Due to the gravity of the particles and the mutual collision effect of the particles, the particles align in a line at the bottom and slide down with the distance between them becoming smaller, and as they fall in a fixed trajectory from the end of the gutter type piece 3, the defect There are two particles,
If three particles are present in a connected state, defective particles will be generated that will not be separated into separate orbits by the selection and separation means using the photoelectric detection device 4 and the electromagnetic valve 5, but will fall directly into the falling orbit. Certain particles are transferred to the second gutter mold piece 6 along with particles without defects,
From its inlet 7 it falls into various parts of the bottom. The defective particles and the non-defective particles both jump and repeatedly collide between the bottom and the deterrent plate 9 and move downward, but the deterrent plate 9 is made of an elastic material and Since the deterrent plate 9 is provided in the groove in an inclined manner so that the distance from the bottom becomes smaller as it reaches the terminal end, the amplitude of the particles is limited as they move downward, and the deterrent plate 9 9. Since a large amount of kinetic energy is absorbed during the collision, the particle acts to quickly move downward and quickly reach the bottom. Under such action, the gravity of the particles and the mutual collision of the particles combine to cause the particles to slide down while aligning at the bottom, passing through the exit 10 where the falling point is regulated, and falling at a constant rate. Fall into a falling trajectory.

In the gutter-shaped piece 6, even if the particles are stacked one on top of the other or the particles are larger than standard, the deterrent plate 9, which is loosely fitted into the groove, partially bulges upward and becomes wider, preventing clogging. If a particle larger than the smallest size particle passes through the outlet 10, which does not occur and is the case in most cases, the particle pushes up the tip of the deterrent plate 9 to allow passage, and at the same time the pusher spring 11 The size of the outlet 10 is limited so that the size of the particles does not exceed the size that the particles can pass through, and the falling location is regulated, so that the particles can always fall on a constant trajectory.

In this way, the particles falling from the gutter type piece 6 on a fixed falling trajectory include two defective particles,
Because there is no state in which all three are connected,
The second sorting and separating means 16 and 17 blow away the defective particles onto the separation track and sorting and separating them.

Since the sorting device of the present invention performs sorting in two stages, it can also be used to separate three different types of items into each color by selecting a photoelectric detection device. Of course. Therefore, the present invention exhibits the effect of improving the sorting efficiency without reducing the sorting accuracy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a plan view of the second gutter type piece, Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view thereof, Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of the entrance of the second gutter type piece, and Figure 5 6 is a cross-sectional view of the central part of the second gutter type piece, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the end portion of the second gutter type piece, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the conventional type. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... hopper, 2... electromagnetic feeder, 3... gutter type piece, 4... photoelectric detection device, 5... solenoid valve for compressed air injection, 6... second gutter type piece, 7... inlet, 8... lid plate,
9...Suppressing plate, 10...Exit, 11...Press, 16
...Photoelectric detection device, 17...Solenoid valve for compressed air injection.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Below the means 1 and 2 for supplying particles to be sorted, an elongated gutter-shaped piece 3 with a V-shaped cross section and inclined at an appropriate angle in the vertical direction is provided, and below the gutter-shaped piece 3, adjacent , providing screening and separation means 4 and 5 for detecting and separating defective particles falling on the falling trajectory;
Further, below the sorting/separating means 4 and 5, a tapered shape is formed, which is inclined so that the distance from the bottom becomes smaller as it reaches the end of the groove, and fits loosely into the groove, with the proximal end fixed and the distal end. An elongated gutter-shaped piece 6 with a V-shaped cross section is provided with a restraining plate 9 made of an elastic material with a free end and a presser spring 11 that engages the tip of the restraining plate 9. installed along the falling trajectory, adjacent to and below the second gutter type piece 6 to detect defective particles falling on the falling trajectory;
A multi-stage sorting device characterized by being provided with second sorting and separating means 16 and 17 for separating.