JPH0257217B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0257217B2 JPH0257217B2 JP27794384A JP27794384A JPH0257217B2 JP H0257217 B2 JPH0257217 B2 JP H0257217B2 JP 27794384 A JP27794384 A JP 27794384A JP 27794384 A JP27794384 A JP 27794384A JP H0257217 B2 JPH0257217 B2 JP H0257217B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- displacer
- flow path
- working fluid
- heater
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/045—Controlling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2255/00—Heater tubes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
この発明はスターリング機関に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a Stirling engine.
従来の技術
従来のスターリング機関は第３図に示すように
密閉容器１の中にHe、H2等の作動流体を封入
し、密閉容器１の中をデイスプレーサ２およびピ
ストン３を上下に運動させていた。この場合デイ
スプレーサ２の位置の位相角はピストン３の位置
の位相角より少し大きめにしている。BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY As shown in FIG. 3, a conventional Stirling engine has a working fluid such as He or H 2 sealed in a closed container 1, and a displacer 2 and a piston 3 are moved up and down inside the closed container 1. I was letting it happen. In this case, the phase angle at the position of the displacer 2 is made slightly larger than the phase angle at the position of the piston 3.
このデイスプレーサ２の上下運動により、作動
流体は膨張空間４、流路５、加熱器６、再生器
７、冷却器８、流路９、圧縮空間１０の中を流動
しながら熱交換し、ピストン３の運動とも相まつ
て膨張空間４および圧縮空間１０の中に圧力変動
を生ぜしめ、この圧力変動によりピストン３を動
作する。このようにして加熱器６から作動流体に
与えられた熱の一部は冷却器８を通して外へ捨て
られるのである。またデイスプレーサ２は主とし
てデイスプレーサロツド１１を介して外部から駆
動されるものである。 Due to the vertical movement of the displacer 2, the working fluid exchanges heat while flowing through the expansion space 4, the flow path 5, the heater 6, the regenerator 7, the cooler 8, the flow path 9, and the compression space 10. Together with the movement of the piston 3, pressure fluctuations are produced in the expansion space 4 and the compression space 10, and the piston 3 is operated by this pressure fluctuation. A portion of the heat imparted to the working fluid from the heater 6 in this manner is dissipated to the outside through the cooler 8. Further, the displacer 2 is mainly driven from the outside via the displacer rod 11.
このようなスターリング機関、例えばフリーピ
ストン・スターリング機関では、例えば負荷との
関係から、デイスプレーサ２の上下運動の振幅が
増減することがある。このような場合加熱器６を
通過する作動流体の平均流速が変化する。そして
平均流速が変化すると、それによつて伝熱面の平
均熱伝達率と圧力損失が変化する。 In such a Stirling engine, for example, a free piston Stirling engine, the amplitude of the vertical movement of the displacer 2 may increase or decrease depending on the relationship with the load, for example. In such a case, the average flow rate of the working fluid passing through the heater 6 changes. When the average flow velocity changes, the average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop on the heat transfer surface change accordingly.
このように、平均流速が増加すると平均熱伝達
率は増えるが、圧力損失も増える、逆に平均流速
が減少すると平均熱伝達率は減少し、圧力損失も
減少する。機関の熱効率を上げるには平均熱伝達
率を上げ圧力損失を下げるのがよい。 In this way, when the average flow rate increases, the average heat transfer coefficient increases, but the pressure loss also increases; conversely, when the average flow rate decreases, the average heat transfer coefficient decreases, and the pressure loss also decreases. In order to increase the thermal efficiency of an engine, it is better to increase the average heat transfer coefficient and reduce pressure loss.
したがつて加熱器６の流路断面積はある定まつ
たデイスプレーサ２の振幅に対して最適値が存在
するのである。 Therefore, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the heater 6 has an optimum value for a certain fixed amplitude of the displacer 2.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
しかし従来のスターリング機関では加熱器６の
流路断面積が一定であるため、デイスプレーサ２
の振幅がずれると、加熱器６の流路断面積が最適
値からずれ、そのために熱効率がそのデイスプレ
ーサ２の振幅における最適値からずれて、効率が
低下するという問題を有していた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional Stirling engine, since the flow passage cross-sectional area of the heater 6 is constant, the displacer 2
If the amplitude of displacer 2 deviates, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the heater 6 deviates from the optimum value, which causes the thermal efficiency to deviate from the optimum value for the amplitude of the displacer 2, resulting in a problem that the efficiency decreases.
そこで本発明はデイスプレーサの振幅が変化し
ても機関の熱効率を常に最高に保とうとするもの
である。 Therefore, the present invention attempts to always maintain the maximum thermal efficiency of the engine even if the amplitude of the displacer changes.
問題点を解決するための手段
そして上記問題点を解決する本発明の技術的な
手段は、デイスプレーサの振幅に応じて上記加熱
器の作動流体が通過する流路の断面積を変化させ
る構成である。Means for Solving the Problems The technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems is a configuration in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path through which the working fluid of the heater passes is changed according to the amplitude of the displacer. It is.
作 用 この技術的手段による作用は次のようになる。Effect The effect of this technical means is as follows.
すなわち、上記構成によりデイスプレーサの振
幅が変化すると加熱器の作動流体が通過する流路
の断面積を熱効率が最大になるように変化でき
る。 That is, with the above configuration, when the amplitude of the displacer changes, the cross-sectional area of the flow path through which the working fluid of the heater passes can be changed so that the thermal efficiency is maximized.
実施例
以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面にもとづい
て説明する。Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.
第１図、第２図において、１２は密閉容器でそ
の中にHe、H2等の作動流体が封入されている。
１３は密閉容器１２の内壁に摺動自在に上下運動
するデイスプレーサ、１４は密閉容器１２の内壁
に摺動自在に上下運動するピストンである。１６
は膨張空間、１７は加熱器、１８は冷却器、１９
は再生器である。２０Ａ，２０Ｂは加熱器の流路
断面積を変化させるスライド弁、２１Ａ，２１Ｂ
はコイルばね、２２Ａ，２２Ｂは形状記憶合金で
できたコイルばね、２３Ａ，２３Ｂは形状記憶合
金でできたコイルばね２２Ａ，２２Ｂを間接的に
加熱冷却するために温度を調節する温度調節装置
である。また、１５はデイスプレーサロツド、２
４は加熱器の独立した１本の流路である。 In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 12 denotes a closed container in which a working fluid such as He or H 2 is sealed.
13 is a displacer that slides up and down on the inner wall of the closed container 12, and 14 is a piston that moves up and down so that it can slide on the inner wall of the closed container 12. 16
is an expansion space, 17 is a heater, 18 is a cooler, 19
is a regenerator. 20A and 20B are slide valves that change the flow path cross-sectional area of the heater; 21A and 21B;
22A and 22B are coil springs made of a shape memory alloy, and 23A and 23B are temperature adjustment devices that adjust the temperature to indirectly heat and cool the coil springs 22A and 22B made of a shape memory alloy. . Also, 15 is a display rod, 2
4 is one independent flow path of the heater.
次に、この一実施例の構成における作用を説明
する。 Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be explained.
デイスプレーサ１３とピストン１４は上下運動
している。このときデイスプレーサ１３の位置の
位相角はピストン１４の位置の位相角より少し大
き目になつている。このデイスプレーサ１３の上
下運動により、作動流体は加熱器１７、再生器１
９、冷却器１８の中を流動しながら熱交換し、ピ
ストン１４の運動とも相まつて膨張空間１６およ
び圧縮空間２５の中に圧力変動を生ぜしめる。こ
の圧力変動はピストン１４に対して仕事をする。 The displacer 13 and the piston 14 are moving up and down. At this time, the phase angle at the position of the displacer 13 is slightly larger than the phase angle at the position of the piston 14. Due to this vertical movement of the displacer 13, the working fluid is transferred to the heater 17 and the regenerator 1.
9. Heat is exchanged while flowing in the cooler 18, and together with the movement of the piston 14, pressure fluctuations are generated in the expansion space 16 and the compression space 25. This pressure fluctuation performs work on the piston 14.
このようにして加熱器１７から作動流体に与え
られた熱の一部はピストン１４に対する仕事に変
り、一部は冷却器１８を通して外へ捨てられるの
である。ところで例えばフリーピストン・スター
リング機関等で負荷が変動した場合など、デイス
プレーサ１３の振幅が変わるが、この場合に熱効
率を最大にする加熱器１７の流路断面積も変る。
このようなとき、本発明においては、最適な流路
断面積にすることができる。 In this way, a portion of the heat imparted to the working fluid from the heater 17 is converted into work for the piston 14, and a portion is discarded to the outside through the cooler 18. By the way, when the load fluctuates in a free piston Stirling engine, for example, the amplitude of the displacer 13 changes, and in this case, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the heater 17 that maximizes the thermal efficiency also changes.
In such a case, in the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be set to an optimum value.
即ち、デイスプレーサ１３の振幅が増加すると
温度調節装置２３Ａ，２３Ｂは、デイスプレーサ
１３の振幅の増加を検出して、コイルばね２２
Ａ，２２Ｂを冷却する。コイルばね２２Ａ，２２
Ｂは形状記憶合金でできており、形状記憶合金は
低温で軟く、形状回復温度以上の高温で硬く強い
ので、温度の低下に伴つて、コイルばね２１Ａ，
２１Ｂが反す圧縮力によつて圧縮され、スライド
弁２０Ａ，２０Ｂは左右に開く、また逆に、デイ
スプレーサ１３の振幅が減少すると温度調節装置
２３Ａ，２３Ｂはデイスプレーサ１３の振幅の減
少を検出して、コイルばね２２Ａ，２２Ｂを加熱
する。そうするとコイルばね２２Ａ，２２Ｂの温
度は上り、コイルばね２１Ａ，２２Ｂによつて及
ぼされている圧縮力に打勝つて形状回復し、スラ
イド弁２０Ａ，２０Ｂを閉じる方向に移動させ
る。このようにして、デイスプレーサ１３の振幅
に応じて常に高い熱効率を維持できるものであ
る。 That is, when the amplitude of the displacer 13 increases, the temperature control devices 23A and 23B detect the increase in the amplitude of the displacer 13, and the coil spring 22
Cool A and 22B. Coil springs 22A, 22
B is made of a shape memory alloy, and shape memory alloys are soft at low temperatures and hard and strong at high temperatures above the shape recovery temperature, so as the temperature decreases, the coil springs 21A,
21B is compressed by the opposing compression force, and the slide valves 20A and 20B open left and right. Conversely, when the amplitude of the displacer 13 decreases, the temperature control devices 23A and 23B cause the amplitude of the displacer 13 to decrease. is detected, and the coil springs 22A and 22B are heated. Then, the temperature of the coil springs 22A, 22B rises, and the compressive force exerted by the coil springs 21A, 22B is overcome, the shape is restored, and the slide valves 20A, 20B are moved in the closing direction. In this way, high thermal efficiency can always be maintained depending on the amplitude of the displacer 13.
発明の効果
本発明によれば、加熱器の作動流体が通過する
流体の流路断面積を変化させる構成としているの
でスターリング機関の熱効率が向上するという効
果がある。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, since the structure is such that the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the fluid through which the working fluid of the heater passes is changed, there is an effect that the thermal efficiency of the Stirling engine is improved.
第１図は本発明の一実施例によるスターリング
機関の概略構成を示す断面図、第２図は第１図の
Ａ−A′断面図、第３図は従来のスターリング機
関の概略構成を示す断面図である。
１……密閉容器、２……デイスプレーサ、３…
…ピストン、６……加熱器、７……再生器、８…
…冷却器、１２……密閉容器、１３……デイスプ
レーサ、１４……ピストン、１７……加熱器、１
８……冷却器、１９……再生器、２０Ａ，２０Ｂ
……スライド弁、２２Ａ，２２Ｂ……形状記憶合
金でできたコイルばね、２１Ａ，２１Ｂ……コイ
ルばね、２３Ａ，２３Ｂ……温度調節装置、２４
……加熱器の独立した１本の流路。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of a Stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of a conventional Stirling engine. It is a diagram. 1... Airtight container, 2... Displacer, 3...
...Piston, 6... Heater, 7... Regenerator, 8...
... Cooler, 12 ... Sealed container, 13 ... Displacer, 14 ... Piston, 17 ... Heater, 1
8...Cooler, 19...Regenerator, 20A, 20B
...Slide valve, 22A, 22B...Coil spring made of shape memory alloy, 21A, 21B...Coil spring, 23A, 23B...Temperature adjustment device, 24
...One independent flow path of the heater.
Claims (1)
He、H2等の作動流体と、前記密閉容器を高温の
作動流体の存在する膨張空間と低温の作動流体の
存在する圧縮空間とに隔てるように設けられたデ
イスプレーサと、膨張空間と圧縮空間とを連通す
る流路と、前記流路に膨張空間から圧縮空間に向
かつて順次設けられた加熱器、再生器及び冷却器
と、前記密閉容器に対して相対運動するように圧
縮空間に面して設けられたピストンと、前記デイ
スプレーサの振幅に応じて前記加熱器の作動流体
が通過する流路の断面積を変化させる手段とを有
するスターリング機関。 ２ 加熱機の作動流体が通過する流路の断面積を
変化させる構成として加熱器の流路断面積を変化
させるスライド弁と、このスライド弁を温度変化
により動作させる形状記憶合金でできたコイルば
ねを有する特許請求の範囲第１項記載のスターリ
ング機関。[Scope of Claims] 1. A sealed container and a container sealed within the sealed container.
A working fluid such as He, H2 , etc., a displacer provided to separate the sealed container into an expansion space where a high temperature working fluid exists and a compression space where a low temperature working fluid exists, and a displacer that separates the expansion space and the compression space. a flow path that communicates with the space; a heater, a regenerator, and a cooler that are sequentially provided in the flow path from the expansion space toward the compression space; and a flow path that faces the compression space so as to move relative to the closed container. A Stirling engine comprising: a piston provided with a piston; and means for changing a cross-sectional area of a flow path through which a working fluid of the heater passes in accordance with the amplitude of the displacer. 2. A slide valve that changes the cross-sectional area of the flow path through which the working fluid of the heater passes, and a coil spring made of a shape memory alloy that operates this slide valve based on temperature changes. A Stirling engine according to claim 1 having the following.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277943A JPS61152947A (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | starling engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277943A JPS61152947A (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | starling engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61152947A JPS61152947A (en) | 1986-07-11 |
| JPH0257217B2 true JPH0257217B2 (en) | 1990-12-04 |
Family
ID=17590437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277943A Granted JPS61152947A (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | starling engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61152947A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-12-26 JP JP59277943A patent/JPS61152947A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61152947A (en) | 1986-07-11 |
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