JPH025795B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Technical Field of the Present Invention The present invention is directed to a pyrolysis dry distillation machine, in particular, which has a temperature distribution suitable for producing secondary ingots from metal foils such as aluminum foil contained in polymeric waste. Concerning the structure of a pyrolysis dry distillation machine.

B. Conventional technology The conventional pyrolysis dry distillation machine of this kind is to burn waste at high temperature, obtain distilled gas from the waste such as plastic, and convert it into oil. In other words, the current situation is that only attempts are made to precipitate recycled oil, and the metal foil present in the waste has not yet been recovered.

Problems with the conventional technology However, as a result of focusing solely on high-temperature combustion in the pyrolysis cylinder, which is the main part of the dry distillation machine, carbonized substances (residues) precipitated during decomposition adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder. Not only does it become difficult to remove and the thermal efficiency during continuous operation decreases, but the temperature distribution inside the dry distillation machine lacks uniformity, and as a result, for example, plastic, paper, and aluminum, which are composite laminates, are one of the waste products. For example, plastic and paper are extremely thicker than aluminum foil, so simply burning them at high temperatures will either cause the aluminum foil to additionally burn and carbonize, or the remaining aluminum foil will become extremely thick. There is no way to recycle waste aluminum foil as it becomes oxidized and becomes alumina (aluminum oxide) and cannot be melted and reused. The actual situation is that they are disposed of as waste for a fee.

D. Purpose of the present invention The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to maintain the heat conduction inside the dry distiller in an ideal state and to improve its thermal efficiency as much as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis dry distillation machine capable of obtaining both recycled oil and secondary metal.

E. Main points of the proposal The present invention has the following structural features.

(a) A spiral fin in which a plurality of fins having a chevron-shaped cross section are vertically adjacent to each other on the circumferential side of a pyrolysis cylinder loaded in a dry distillation machine, and the fins are rotated upward around each fin. Also, a plurality of circular fins are formed concentrically on the bottom surface of the cylinder.

(b) Inside the pyrolysis cylinder, there is a hollow stirring shaft, a plurality of stirring blades are shifted approximately 90 degrees to the periphery of the shaft, and the lower part of the shaft has a bottom with numerous holes perforated. The point is that each cylindrical cartridge is formed.

(c) The dry distillation machine is heated internally by direct flame from the bottom of the dry distillation machine using a gas burner.

F. Embodiment of the present invention Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the outline of the _internal structure of the dry distiller according to the present invention. The hollow upper outer cylinder C ₀₂ filled with heat insulating material has cooling holes h ₀ on its bottom and on its periphery.
Multiple through holes h ₁ such as 2, 3, or 4,
Each of the upper and lower outer cylinders C ₀₁ and C 02 is a lower outer cylinder with a bottom and filled with a heat insulating material like the upper outer cylinder C ₀₁ and joined below the upper outer cylinder C ₀₁ . They are joined as shown to form an outer cylinder _C0 .

X is joined to the upper surface of the upper outer cylinder C ₀₁ ,
The upper cracking gas chamber is equipped with a pyrolysis cylinder Y (described later) below, and Y is equipped with multiple types of fins (described later) on its circumferential side and bottom surface, and a pyrolyzer in which a stirring shaft Sa (described later) is loaded inside. As shown in a partially enlarged solid perspective view in _FIG . fin f ₁
As shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view in Figure 2b, the inside is filled with metal grains with extremely good thermal conductivity, such as fine copper particles Pm, and is further shown in Figure 2a. A spiral fin f ₂ is fixedly disposed so as to be in contact with each apex t of each fin f ₁ having a chevron-shaped cross section, and which has a band shape and is turned upward from below. Furthermore, the pyrolysis cylinder Y
As shown in FIG. 3, which is an enlarged bottom view of the bottom surface, there are a plurality of, for example, three annular fins f ₃ , f ₃ ′, f ₃ ″ arranged on concentric axes. It is arranged.

Next, referring to the stirring shaft Sa, the fourth
Figure a shows a side view of the lower part, and figure b shows its top view.
As shown in FIG.
Bottomed cartridges C each having a plurality of perforated pores _h2 are fixed so as to open upward;
Further, a plurality of stirring fins f ₄ , f ₄ ′, ... f ₄ ⁿ are fixed on the circumferential side of the stirring shaft Sa at an angle of attack of approximately 20 degrees, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, _each stirring fin f ₄ has, as _shown in the enlarged plan view in FIG. The third stage stirring fin f ₄ ″ is located at the same 90 degree position, and the fourth
A plurality of stage stirring fins _F4 are arranged at positions rotated by 90 degrees, and each stirring fin is fixed at a pitch of approximately 20 degrees to the left or right. There is.

Now, in Fig. 1, X is the upper outer cylinder C ₀₁
The upper decomposition gas chamber is placed and fixed on the upper surface, and its central lower surface is in communication with the upper surface of the pyrolysis cylinder Y. A lid L is provided at the center of the upper surface.
An air cylinder Ca that operates with a vertical stroke of approximately 15 [cm] used for stirring is attached by a detachable arm a to the cylinder Ca.
is directly connected to the stirring shaft Sa and gives the shaft Sa the vertical movement of the stroke.Furthermore, one end of the opening/closing arm A is fixed to one side of the lid L, and the other end of the arm A is fixed to one side of the lid L. , a rotating mechanism (not shown) is provided so that the lid L can be lifted vertically, and the decomposition gas chamber
is fixed to one side of the In addition, Z is a pipe leading to a rectification tower (not shown), and Pe is an exhaust pipe that guides combustion gas from the outer cylinder C ₀ from one side of the upper outer cylinder C ₀₁ .
The above configuration is shown in a plan view in FIG.

In addition, in FIG. 1, burners b are attached to the plurality of through holes _h1 formed on the circumferential side of the lower outer cylinder _C02 at an angle of about 45 degrees to the left or right from the center of the outer cylinder. Each through hole _h1 can be replaced with a blower b' when cooling, and the central cooling hole _h0 is equipped with a blower b', which is operated only during cooling and stopped during heating. There is.

G. Effects of the present invention The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration.Next, the operation and effect will be described along with an example of the usage mode.In FIG. At this time, since the connection with the stirring shaft Sa is also disconnected, the lid L is opened to the position directly above by rotating the opening arm A, and in this state, the polymer waste to be decomposed, For example, the plastic containing aluminum foil is filled to the top of the pyrolysis cylinder Y, and the lid L is returned to its original state as shown in the figure in the reverse order as described above.

Next, it is preferable to ignite each burner b disposed in the plurality of through holes h ₁ on the circumferential side of the lower outer cylinder C ₀₂ to heat the inside of the outer cylinder C ₀ .

However, according to the present invention, a plurality of burners b
, each radiates flame at an angle of about 45 degrees from the center, so the direct flame heats the inside of the lower outer cylinder C ₀₂ in a swirling manner,
The highly heated air caused by the flame gradually moves into the pyrolysis cylinder Y.
It rises around the circumference of the pipe and is discharged into the exhaust pipe Pe.

In addition, on the bottom surface of the pyrolysis cylinder Y to be heated, there are a plurality of ring-shaped fins f ₃ , which are arranged concentrically.
f ₃ ′ and f ₃ ″, the heat of the high-temperature gas flow is sufficiently absorbed at the relevant part and is well conducted to the bottom surface. Since a plurality of fins f ₁ filled with copper fine particles Pm having good thermal conductivity are closely arranged adjacent to each other, the rising gas flow is
As seen in Figure 2, it hits the wall surface with a chevron-shaped cross section, is conducted to each fin, is then transmitted to the fine particles Pm, and is guided into the pyrolysis cylinder Y. In addition, due to the presence of the fine particles Pm, , the generation of high-temperature gas flow due to abnormal convection within each chevron-shaped fin _f1 is eliminated, and good heat conduction within the cylinder is achieved, and further,
The heat flow hitting the wall of each chevron-shaped fin _f1 is reflected by the wall and transmitted to the wall of the adjacent fin, and this action is repeated to effectively heat the inside of the pyrolysis cylinder Y. , each vertex t of each fin f ₁
Since a band-shaped spiral fin _F2 is installed at the top, which rotates from the bottom to the top, the high-temperature gas flow is lengthened through its flow path and rises while maintaining an appropriate slow speed. The heat of the gas flow is efficiently absorbed, thus ideally heating the inside of the cylinder Y.

Additionally, there is a stirring shaft installed inside the pyrolysis cylinder Y.
Since Sa is a hollow cylinder, the volume inside the cylinder Y is reduced by the outer diameter of the axis Sa. In other words, the thermal conductivity is proportional to the square of the distance, so the so-called Coupled with the fact that the parts most difficult to conduct heat are removed, heating is achieved extremely quickly and with high efficiency.

On the other hand, during pyrolysis, inside the pyrolysis cylinder Y, a cartridge C having a bottomed cylindrical shape with a plurality of pores _h2 perforated on the bottom and the circumference is fixed at the bottom of the pyrolysis cylinder Y. , a stirring shaft Sa in which a plurality of stirring fins _F4 , each tilted upward and each having a pitch, are arranged approximately 90 degrees apart, is connected to the air disposed on the upper surface of the decomposition gas chamber X. Since the cylinder Ca is operated to move up and down with a predetermined stroke, the waste that has been put in a full state is
While being thermally decomposed by the hot gas flow mentioned above,
It is evenly stirred, sufficiently heated, and has a good decomposition effect.

When the thermal decomposition is completed in this way, each burner b installed in the plurality of through holes _h1 of the lower outer cylinder _C02 is removed, and the cooling holes are opened using a blower b' instead.
Along with h ₀ , cold air is sent from the circumferential side and the bottom to rapidly cool down the pyrolysis cylinder Y, which was at a high temperature.

Upon completion of thermal decomposition, it is necessary to remove the remaining solid matter, which requires the use of an air cylinder along with arm a.
Lift Ca upward, rotate lid L directly above with arm A, pull out stirring shaft Sa upward with a crane (not shown), and pull out the residue of the decomposed waste into cartridge C. Residues of decomposed waste accumulate in cartridge C,
Moreover, when the cartridge is pulled out, the residue adhering to the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder Y is also removed while being peeled off.

According to the present invention, as described above, a plurality of mountain-shaped fins f ₁ are provided on the outside of the pyrolysis cylinder Y loaded in the dry distillation machine, and around the fins f 1 there is a spiral spiral rotating upward. Fin f ₂ and a plurality of concentric fins f ₃ on the bottom surface are all arranged, so the heating from the direct flame from each burner b' is extremely well absorbed. In addition, a hollow stirring shaft Sa is installed inside the pyrolysis cylinder Y, which isolates the parts of the cylinder Y that are difficult to conduct heat and substantially reduces the volume, resulting in very high thermal efficiency. Moreover, since the decomposition gas chamber Not only can it be performed well, but also
The heating means is also arranged so that each burner b is inclined from the center direction of the outer cylinder C ₀ and rotates within the cylinder C ₀ , so that efficient heating can be achieved, and the intended purpose of the present invention is achieved. It has excellent effects that can fully achieve the following.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the configuration described above; for example, the pyrolysis cylinder Y is
It is not limited to one tube, but it is also possible to arrange multiple tubes such as 2 tubes, 3 tubes, 4 tubes, etc., and the cross-sectional shape is not limited to circular, but may be polygonal, and furthermore, spiral fin f ₂ The rising slope of is determined by the amount of heat generated by burner b, the diameter and length of the pyrolysis cylinder, the type of waste to be input, etc. Also, the fins _f3 on the bottom are not limited to concentric shafts, but may also be spiral. It can also be used as
Finally, the number of burners b and blowers b' disposed in the lower outer cylinder C ₀₂ may also be increased or decreased depending on the number of cylinders, and these changes can be made as needed by those skilled in the art. It's nothing more than that.

Finally, an example of the temperature characteristics of the device according to the present invention is as follows.

Temperature distribution Flame spray wall of lower outer cylinder 1050゜〔C〕 External bottom of pyrolysis cylinder 760° [C] Inside the pyrolysis cylinder (lower part) 650° [C] 〃 (Top) 495゜[C]

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the outline of the internal structure of a dry distillation machine, FIG. 2 a is a partially enlarged solid perspective view of a pyrolysis cylinder, and FIG.
3 is an enlarged bottom view of the pyrolysis cylinder, FIG. 5 shows an enlarged plan view of the stirring fin, and FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the lid. A, a...Arm, b...Burner, b'...Blower, C...Cartridge, C ₀ ...Outer cylinder, C ₀₁
... Upper outer cylinder, C ₀₂ ... Lower outer cylinder, C _a air cylinder, f ₁ , f ₂ , f ₃ ... Fins, f ₄ ... Stirring fins, h ₀ ... Cooling holes, h ₁ ... ...Through pore, h ₂ ...Small pore,
L...lid, Pe...exhaust pipe, Sa...stirring shaft, t...
... Vertex, X ... Decomposition gas chamber, Y ... Pyrolysis cylinder, Z
……Piping.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a waste pyrolysis dry distillation machine having an outer cylinder and into which a pyrolysis cylinder is loaded, the pyrolysis cylinder Y has a plurality of adjacent pyrolysis cylinders each having a chevron-shaped cross section in the vertical direction on its circumferential side. Fin f ₁ and a band-shaped spiral fin that rotates upward and touches the outer periphery of each fin.
f ₂ and an annular fin f ₃ on the bottom surface, and inside thereof is a bottomed cartridge that slides on the inner wall of the cylinder Y and has a plurality of pores h ₂ perforated on the circumferential side and the bottom surface. C at the lower end, multiple stirring fins _F4 at the outer periphery,
Each hollow stirring shaft Sa is loaded, and the bottom of the cracked gas chamber X is directly connected to the upper part of the hollow stirring shaft Sa. The pyrolysis cylinder Y is driven in the vertical direction, and is heated and cooled by a burner b disposed on the lower peripheral side of the outer cylinder and a blower b' disposed on the peripheral side and the bottom surface. A waste pyrolysis dry distillation machine featuring: