JPH0258899B2 - - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotatably driven conveyor guided around a bending element, a cutting mechanism for separating the head and tail from each fish; a eviscerating section for removing viscera from the butt of a fish; and a feeding section, the conveyor having two outer parts and at least one
at least three conveyor sections constituting two inner sections, each section being guided parallel to one another and driven synchronously; each section further having gutter elements, the gutter elements being complementary to each other; arranged to form a trough for receiving the fish to be processed, the sides of the inner trough element being brought into contact with at least one of the two outer trough elements to form a slot therewith; The cutting mechanism includes two blades, each blade extending below the base surface of the gutter element in one slot between the two gutter elements, said eviscerating portion being disposed on a side of the blade slot. a suction head that enters into functional relationship with the cephalic surface of the butt piece for removing the viscera;
Functional processing of small fish, especially sardines, herring, small sardines, etc., to preserve them cooked for consumption in cans that can be timed with the gutter. It relates to a device for filling cans.

[Prior art]

What is important in the production of canned fish, especially cooked fish butt, is to minimize the error in the weight of the fish packed in the can. This involves cutting out fish parts of uniform length that are suitable for putting into cans by separating the head and tail parts according to a certain filling pattern.
This can be done by intuitively grouping together fish of different sizes with respect to the partial weight of the tail or four fish parts. Pack pieces of fish that are at least approximately the same size together to improve the appearance of canned goods when opened. For this reason, and in order to adjust the desired content of the fish, by pre-sorting the fish according to dimensional divisions, it is possible to obtain canned contents of uniform length and with fairly small weight errors. Can be done. When processing fish of different sizes, the weight error can be kept approximately constant by varying the fillet length and/or packing form.

A device having the above characteristics is disclosed in Spanish Utility Model Application Publication No. 250008(6). In that device, fish placed in a trough of the desired type are guided to a cutting mechanism. This cutting mechanism has two round knives. The cutters fit into slots between the gutter elements. A suction-like evisceration device is provided downstream of the cutting mechanism. There are 2 suction devices
It has several suction heads. Their suction heads are arranged in the cutting plane of the round knife. The suction head enters into functional relationship with the truncated surface of the fish butt piece.

If adjustments were to be made for fish of different sizes, such adjustments would not be possible with this device, as adjusting to the desired weight would be very time consuming and could only be done when the device was stopped. It is disadvantageous. Moreover, since it is unavoidable that one gutter will be unoccupied, the corresponding can, which is advanced in time synchronization with the gutter, remains empty. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of interlocking machines, such as a continuously operating device for processing the contents of a can and a subsequent device for filling the can with juice and sealing the can.

[Summary of the invention]

Due to the need for rapid processing of fish, which is particularly important in tropical or subtropical regions to preserve freshness, the main object of the present invention is to efficiently process fish butt fillets into cans. To provide a device that can hold fish in a can and maintain a predetermined packing pattern when the fish is packed in the can. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily adjust the length of the butt fillet without stopping operation. Yet another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of downstream evisceration devices.

In a device of the type mentioned in the introduction to the description, on the base of each trough element there is provided a base plate which forms a support surface for the fish and is adjustable in height, and in which the actuating element is arranged in the area of the feed section. , this actuating element is actuated in time with the forward movement of the internal trough element and enters into a functional relationship with the base plate, the blade of the cutting mechanism and the suction head having their spacing adjusted by a central adjustment mechanism. A signal transmitter configured to allow the filling of each internal gutter element and monitoring the filling of each internal gutter element ensures that the cans are delivered to the loading position by a loading machine that can operate in time synchronization with the forward movement of the internal gutter element. This is accomplished in a device that mechanically processes the fish and places it into cans.

Advantageously, the base plate is configured to be raised and lowered elastically, preferably by the force of a spring, so that the fish are fixed in a given position during processing and continuous movement. Such fixing of the fish in a given position is achieved by providing at least a very large belt covering the internal gutter elements in the bending area occupied by the internal gutter elements of the central conveyor section, which belt This can be accomplished in another preferred embodiment of the invention in which the central conveyor section is configured to be continuously rotationally driven to rotate synchronously with the central conveyor section or to rotate freely with the central conveyor section.

A pair of gripping elements surrounding the internal gutter element are provided in the area of the feeder in order to positively eject the butt part contained within the gutter from the gutter. In this connection, the portions of a pair of gripping elements surrounding an internal gutter element may be formed into a roof-like shape that is symmetrical with respect to the lateral center of the gutter elements, or the portions of the gripping elements may be formed in a temporal manner relative to the movement of the internal gutter elements. It is convenient to configure it so that it is moved in the direction of releasing the grip in synchronization with the grip.

In order to grasp the abdominal contents of the fish aspirated into the suction opening in this manner and extract the contents from the abdominal cavity, the suction head is positioned within the level of the decapitation surface. A particularly advantageous cleaning effect can be achieved by means of effective means arranged behind the suction opening. This allows all internal organs protruding from the abdominal cavity to be completely removed.

A particularly effective feature is a means for grasping and extracting internal organs, which comprises a rotary body that is rotationally driven and a clamping surface that is associated with the circumferential surface of the rotary body at a short distance from the circumferential surface of the rotary body. This is achieved by In that measure, the rotating body is preferably configured as a vane roller with different axial positions.
Its axis can be approximately parallel or perpendicular to the transport plane.

A very simple solution can be achieved if the drive of the rotating body or vane roller is carried out by contacting the central conveyor section carrying the internal gutter elements. In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the suction heads are arranged offset from one another, in particular if the suction heads are provided with shutters for closing the suction heads. The shutter can be configured to be actuated by the fish. With this configuration, vacuum can be concentrated on each suction head.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the loading mechanism, the can loading mechanism is controlled by a cam, the can loading mechanism being driven synchronously in time with the forward movement of the gutter, to advance the can to the loading position. is controlled and a locking mechanism is provided between the cam and the loading mechanism, which locking mechanism can be actuated by the positioning element and can be controlled in dependence on a switch signal of the signal transmitter.

To optimize the circuit arrangement, the signal transmitter can be located upstream of the feed section by the same number of troughs as the number of empty cans provided between the feed section and the feed section.

To prevent cans from reaching the feeder in the wrong position, e.g. with the opening facing downwards,
The can path before the feed section can be provided with a monitoring device for controlling the position of the cans.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

An endless conveyor is placed within the frame (not shown) of the machine for gutting small fish. This endless conveyor has three single conveyor sections 1, 2, 3 which move parallel to each other and synchronously. Conveyor section 2
is provided with an internal gutter element 4. Its internal gutter elements are composed of gutter 6 and are closely connected to each other.
These troughs 6 receive fish by means of outer trough elements 5 carried by the conveyor parts 1,2. Bending ring 7
The central conveyor part 2 is bent by means of two bending rings 8 fixed on a common axis, and the outer conveyor parts 1, 3 are bent by means of two bending rings 8 fixed on a common axis. The bending ring 8 is positioned so that the conveyors 1, 3 are bent upstream of the central conveyor section 2. A gap or slot 10 is left between each outer gutter element 5 and the central gutter element 4 in the upper part of the respective conveyor section. A round blade 12 of a cutting machine 11 is inserted into the slot.
The cutting machine 11 is arranged slightly upstream of the bend of the outer conveyor sections 1, 3. Each internal gutter element 4 is provided with a base plate 13 . This base plate 13 is guided by a guide tappet 14, which is guided in the base of the trough element 4 by means of a tappet head 15 located at the free end of this guide tappet. A spring 16 is positioned between the base plate 13 and the base of the gutter element 4;
Another spring 1 between the gutter element 4 and the tappet head 15
7 is placed. A cover guide 20 that covers the internal gutter element 4 from above extends at least in the area of the bending ring 7 as far as the feed section 18 in the return section of the central conveyor section 2 . The inlet end 21 of the cover guide 20 is designed as a flap 22 leading up to the cover guide 20. This flap 22 is adapted to be raised and lowered in a suitable manner in coordination with the internal gutter element 4 moving under it. A can conveyor 23 , for example designed as a carousel or a similar rotating device, is arranged below the return section 19 of the central conveyor section 2 . The can conveyor transfers cans or cans of canned goods to the central conveyor section 2 such that cans 24 that do not move significantly in time relative to all internal gutter elements 4 of the central conveyor section 2 are associated with those gutter elements 4. Carry in sync with 2.
The cam disk 26 that moves in synchronization with the bending ring 7 is the bending ring 7.
is fixed to the shaft 25 of. Circumferential portion 27 of disk 26
are formed approximately in the shape of a chain tooth corresponding to the pitch of the internal gutter element 4. A roller tappet 28 for actuating the flap 22 is in a functional relationship with this cam disk 26 on the one hand and with an actuating element 29 in the form of a two-armed lever on the other hand. One end of the actuating element 29 is provided with a cam follower 31 and the other end is provided with a runner-like shoe. The cam follower is pressed against the cam disk 26 by a spring 30. Tappet head 1 of guide tappet 14 in the area of feed section 18
The shoe can be rotated into the path of No. 5. A gripping mechanism 33 is provided in the area of the feed section 18 (see FIG. 2, FIG. 2A, which shows a partial section along the line -- in FIG. 1). The gripping mechanism 3
3 has a pair of holding or gripping elements 34. The gripping element is located in the slot 10 of the internal gutter element 4.
Enclose the sides that touch. The gripping element is approximately roof-shaped and forms a portion 35 which grips the internal gutter element 4 from above. The gripping element is connected to the actuating element 29 via an expander mechanism 36 connected thereto, and the gripping element
(second
(Fig. 2A).

Refer now to FIG. Round blade 12 of cutting machine 11
can move relative to each other so that the common axis 37
and is driven by an electric motor 38. Both sides of the internal trough element 4, which is guided separately between the bending rings 7 and 8, adjoin the suction head 40 of the evisceration device. Slot-like suction opening 4 of the suction head
1 is associated with the open front edge of the internal gutter element 4. The suction head 40 has a spindle 42 which is provided with a left-right thread formed in a suitable manner.
This allows the internal gutter element 4 to be adjusted in the longitudinal direction and is formed in mirror image relation to the lateral center of the internal gutter element 4. Each round knife 12 is connected to the suction head 40 on the corresponding side by a take-in element 43 such that the respective distance between the suction heads 40 is translated into the distance of the round knives 12. Each suction head 40 (FIG. 4), which is connected to a low pressure source (not shown), surrounds a rotating body 44 that rotates about an axis 45 perpendicular to the conveying direction. Rotating body 44
are designed as vane rollers 46. A clamping surface 48 forming part of the housing 47
are opposed to the circumference of the vane roller 46 at a short distance. A shaft 45 of vane roller 46 extends from the underside of housing 47 and contacts drive wheel 49 . The drive wheel 49 is in the form of a spring wheel or stub tooth, with corresponding teeth 50 on the underside of the internal gutter element 4.
Engage with each other.

A supply section (FIG. 5) is provided at the periphery of the can conveyor 23. In this supply section, the cans 24 are moved from the can path 52 to the can conveyor 23 in a timed manner. This supply section is the loading mechanism 53
has. This loading mechanism 53 is pivotally attached to one end of a two-arm lever 54. A cam follower 55 is fixed to the other arm of the lever 54. The force of this cam follower spring 56 forces it against the cam 57. This cam is driven in synchronization with the gutter 6. cam follower 5
5 is fixed at the free end 58 of the lever arm
extends above the cam follower. its free end 58
A locking mechanism is constituted by a receiver 60 which can be actuated by a positioning or setting element 59 arranged in the pivot path of the locking mechanism. A signal transmitter 61 is associated with the positioning element 59. This signal transmitter is provided in the area of the central conveyor section 2.

The can path 52 can be formed by a belt conveyor 62. on the underside of the lower extension of the belt conveyor 62 and acted upon by the bottom of the can 24;
Two proximity switches 63 are placed at positions separated by the same distance as the can 24.

Next, the operation of this device will be explained.

The fish fed into the gutter 6 is first guided to the cutting mechanism 11. When feeding fish into the gutter, try to feed three or four fish in alternating positions as much as possible. The cutting mechanism 11 separates the tail of the fish by cutting the head and tail of the fish located in the internal gutter element 4 . The head and tail are guided into a waste container by the immediate bending of the outer conveyor parts 1, 3 holding the outer gutter elements 5, while the tail fillet is guided into the evisceration device. The removal of internal organs is
It is carried out by the action of low pressure during the passage of the severed side through the head of the butt fillet. Due to the low pressure, the abdominal cavity of each fish is charged by the head section being pressed against the suction opening 41 of the suction head 40.
The parts of the internal organs that are fixed in the abdominal cavity by ligaments are grasped by the claw-like gripping action of the vane rollers 46 located in the housing 47 of each suction head 40. The action of rotation and forward movement of the buttock fillet 64 allows it to be safely extracted from the abdominal cavity. The weight of the ready-to-canned fish portions thus obtained is influenced by the rotation of the left-right threaded spindle 42 during operation of the device.
By turning the left-right threaded spindle 42, the distance between the suction heads 40 is varied relative to the distance between the round knives, so that the length of the butt fillet can be varied.

In order to save energy and reduce noise, the suction opening 41 of each suction head 40 can be provided with a cover plate that is configured to be lifted.

The butt fillet 64 is conveyed downstream of the central conveyor section 2 into the area of the bending ring 7 . While being carried, the butt fillet 64 moves under the flap 22. This flap 22 is raised and lowered rhythmically in synchronization with the internal gutter element 4, and the spring 1
By displacement of the base plate 13 under the action of a force of 6, the packed mass, ie the butt fillet packed into each gutter element, is equalized to a uniform level. The packed mass is kept at that level by the subsequent cover plate 20. When the mass to be stuffed reaches the feed section 18, it is connected to the part 35 of the holding and gripping mechanism 33 surrounding the internal gutter element 4;
It is held against gravity by a biasable spring 16. This operation is performed by the actuating element 29
is actuated by the cam disk 26 to apply its shaft 3 to the tappet head 15 of the guide tappet 14.
It continues until you push it down with 2. Actuating element 29 is coupled to gripping mechanism 33 via expander mechanism 36 so that gripping element 34
It gradually expands and the packed mass is released. In this operation, the lowering speed of the actuating element 29 is such that the base plate 13 remains in sufficient contact with the packing mass.

Instead of the cover guide 20, a large belt cover can be used which covers the opening of the internal gutter element 4. This avoids stress on the fish butt fillet 64 due to sliding friction.

In this way, maintaining the packing pattern in the internal gutter element 4, the tail fillet 64 reaches the can 24 held in the feeder 18 in synchronization with the rhythm of the movement of the gutter element 4. In this device, a can conveyor 23 is supplied with cans 24 from a can path 54.
The supply of cans is carried out by. The supply of cans 24 by the can conveyor 23 is performed by a mechanism provided in the supply section 51. The operation of this mechanism is monitored by a signal transmitter 61. The signal transmitter 61 places the required cans 24 into the path of the can conveyor 23. When the signal transmitter 61 records an empty gutter,
Since no activation signal of the positioning element 59 occurs, the lever 54 remains firmly held by the receiver 60 in the retracted position shown in broken lines in FIG. This means that the loading mechanism 53 remains stationary since the cam follower 55 cannot follow the cam 57. When the trough element 4 filled with fish passes close to the signal transmitter 61, the free end 58 of the lever 54
is released by the retraction of the receiver 60,
Positioning element 59 receives an actuation signal at the same time that the raised portion of cam 57 faces cam follower 55 . This means that the force of spring 56 allows cam follower 55 to follow cam 57, allowing loading mechanism 53 to move to the left from the dashed line position to the solid line position in FIG. 5 to load can 24. A belt conveyor 62 for conveying the cans 24 is provided in the can path 52 at least slightly upstream of the feeding section 51. The cans can reach the conveyor under the action of gravity.

Within the belt conveyor, each upright can can be gripped for loading by means of a lateral leaf spring, thereby preventing impact pressure from subsequent cans. During the loading process, the leaf spring is displaced by the can to be loaded and bounced back into the path of the next can so that it can hold the next can.

The signal transmitter can be configured as a contactless sensor, for example an optical sensor, or a mechanically operated sensor.

Monitoring of the position of the can 24 in the can path 52 can be accomplished by two proximity switches 63. The proximity switches are separated by the same distance as the pitch of the can and are connected in series with each other so that they can be operated by the bottom of the can. A change in the signal caused by a mispositioned can can be used to activate a removal mechanism to remove the can.
The change in the signal caused by the lack of supply of cans is
Both proximity switches 63 can be connected so that they can be used to signal the absence of cans.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a partial side view of the device of the invention, FIGS. 2 and 2A are partial sectional views taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. Fig. 2A shows the state immediately before being transferred to the can, Fig. 3 is a partial top view of the device simplified compared to Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 shows the suction head. FIG. 5 is a partial top view taken along the - line of FIG. 1 to illustrate the supply of cans. 2...Central conveyor part, 4...Internal gutter element,
6...Gutter, 11...Cutting mechanism, 12...Round knife,
13... Base plate, 18... Feeding section, 23... Conveyor, 29... Operating element, 34... Gripping element, 40... Suction head, 41... Suction opening,
44...Rotating body, 46...Blade roller, 53...
...Loading mechanism, 57...Cam, 59...Positioning element.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating and driven conveyor guided around a bending element, a cutting mechanism for separating the head and tail from each fish, and a cutting mechanism for removing the internal organs from the butt of the fish. a eviscerating section and a feeding section, the conveyor comprising at least three conveyor sections constituting two outer sections and at least one inner section, each conveyor section being guided parallel to each other and synchronous. each conveyor section further has gutter elements arranged complementary to each other to form a gutter for receiving the fish to be processed, the sides of the inner gutter element being connected to the two outer gutter elements. contacting at least one of the gutter elements to form a slot with the outer gutter element, the cutting mechanism including two blades, each blade being in one slot between two gutter elements; the evisceration section extends below the base surface of the gutter element, the evisceration section including a suction head disposed on the side of the knife slot for acting against the cephalic cutting surface of the butt piece to remove the viscera; The feeding unit places the fish butts positioned in the gutter into a can that is advanced in synchronization with the gutter, in order to preserve them cooked for consumption.
In particular, in a device for functionally processing small fish such as sardines, herring, small sardines, etc. and placing them in cans, on the base of each gutter element 4 a support surface for the fish is formed. , a height-adjustable base plate 13 is provided, in the area of the feed section 18 an actuating element 29 is arranged, which actuating element is actuated in time synchronization with the forward movement of the internal gutter element 4; In addition, it is functionally related to the base plate 13, and is connected to the blade 12 of the cutting mechanism 11 and the suction head 40.
are configured such that the spacing between them can be adjusted by means of a central adjustment mechanism, and can be activated in time synchronization with the forward movement of the internal gutter elements 4 by means of a signal transmitter 61 which monitors the filling of each internal gutter element 4. An apparatus for mechanically processing fish and placing the fish into cans, characterized in that the can 24 is reliably fed to the filling position by the loading mechanism 53. 2. The device according to claim 1,
The device is characterized in that the base plate 13 is configured to be moved up and down elastically. 3. The device according to claim 1, comprising:
At least in the bending area occupied by the internal gutter elements 4 of the central conveyor section 2 there is provided a very large belt covering these gutter elements 4, which belt rotates synchronously with the central conveyor section 2. A device characterized in that it is driven in rotation continuously with the central conveyor section 2 or rotates freely with respect to the central conveyor section 2. 4. The device according to claim 1,
The feed section 18 is connected to the return section 19 of the central conveyor section 2.
A device characterized in that it is provided within a region of. 5. The device according to claim 4,
A device characterized in that a pair of gripping elements 34 surrounding the internal gutter element 4 are provided in the area of the feed section 18 . 6. The device according to claim 5, comprising:
A device characterized in that the portions 35 of the pair of gripping elements 34 surrounding the internal gutter elements 4 are roof-shaped and symmetrical with respect to the lateral center of the gutter elements 4. 7. A device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the gripping element 34 is arranged to be moved in the unclipping direction in time synchronization with the movement of the internal gutter element 4. A device characterized by: 8. The device according to claim 1,
An effective means for thus grasping the abdominal contents of the fish aspirated into the suction opening 41 and extracting the contents from the abdominal cavity is provided in the suction head 40 at the level of the decapitation surface. A device characterized in that it is arranged behind a suction opening 41 located within. 9. The device according to claim 8,
The means for grasping and extracting internal organs is characterized by comprising a rotary body 44 driven to rotate, and a clamping surface 48 engaged with the circumferential surface of the rotary body at a short distance from the inner circumferential surface of the rotary body. device to do. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the rotating body 44 is configured as a blade roller 46. 11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the rotating body 44, ie, the vane roller 46, rotates about an axis substantially parallel to the conveying plane. 12. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the rotating body 44, ie the vane roller 46, rotates about an axis 45 substantially perpendicular to the conveying plane. 13 Claims 9, 10, and 11
13. The device according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the rotating body 44 or vane roller 46 is driven by contacting the central conveyor section 2 carrying the internal gutter element 4. Device. 14. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the suction heads 40 are arranged offset from each other. 15. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the shutter closes the suction opening 41 and is controlled in time synchronization with the internal gutter element 4 passing by. A device characterized in that it is arranged close to the front surface of the suction opening 41. 16. In the device according to claim 1, the loading mechanism 53 of the can 24 is controlled by a cam 57, and this cam is driven in time synchronization with the forward movement of the gutter 6, and the loading mechanism 53 of the can 24 is Device characterized in that a locking mechanism is provided between the mechanisms 53, which locking mechanism can be actuated by a positioning element 59 and can be controlled in dependence on a switch signal of a signal transmitter 61. 17. Apparatus according to claim 16, which is driven synchronously with the central conveyor section 2 and which moves the cans 24 with respect to the central conveyor section and the feed section 51 for placing empty cans onto the can conveyor. Including the can conveyor 23 to be located, the supply part 51 and the feed part 1
The apparatus is characterized in that signal transmitters 61 are provided upstream of the feeding section for the same number of gutters as the number of empty cans provided between 8 and 8. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that a monitoring device for controlling the position of the can is provided in the can path before the feeding section 18. 19. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the cutter is configured as a round blade 12 that is rotationally driven.