JPH0261097B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0261097B2 JPH0261097B2 JP59233906A JP23390684A JPH0261097B2 JP H0261097 B2 JPH0261097 B2 JP H0261097B2 JP 59233906 A JP59233906 A JP 59233906A JP 23390684 A JP23390684 A JP 23390684A JP H0261097 B2 JPH0261097 B2 JP H0261097B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- pressure vessel
- battery
- pressure
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ) 産業上の利用分野
本発明は圧力容器内に電池を収納した加圧式燃
料電池に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a pressurized fuel cell in which a battery is housed in a pressure vessel.
(ロ) 従来の技術
燃料電池は高い圧力下で運転すると反応性が良
くなり、常圧式に比して高い特性を得ることがで
きるため、加圧式システムが開発されている。こ
の場合圧力容器内に収納した電池には、各反応ガ
スが５気圧程度に加圧して供給されると共に、圧
力容器内にはこれと同程度の圧力下でN2もしく
はCO2などの不活性ガスが充満される。(b) Conventional technology Pressurized systems have been developed because fuel cells become more responsive when operated under high pressure and can obtain higher characteristics than normal pressure systems. In this case, each reaction gas is pressurized to about 5 atmospheres and supplied to the battery housed in the pressure vessel, and inert gases such as N 2 or CO 2 are also supplied to the pressure vessel under the same pressure. Filled with gas.
しかしながら各反応ガス（水素ガス及び空気）
が電池スタツクのマニホルドシール部等からリー
クすることはさけられず、これが圧力容器内に蓄
積すると危険性が増大する。そのため従来圧力容
器内に加圧下で不活性ガスを絶えず流してリーク
ガスを容器外に送り出す方法や圧力容器内圧を電
池への供給ガス圧より高くしマニホルドシール部
からのリークを抑制する方法などが提案されてい
る。 However, each reaction gas (hydrogen gas and air)
It is unavoidable that the battery leaks from the manifold seals of the battery stack, and if it accumulates in the pressure vessel, the danger increases. For this reason, conventional methods have been proposed, such as a method of constantly flowing inert gas under pressure into the pressure vessel to send leak gas out of the vessel, and a method of suppressing leakage from the manifold seal by making the pressure vessel's internal pressure higher than the gas pressure supplied to the battery. has been done.
しかし前者の方法では、多量の不活性ガスを加
圧してオープン経路で流すため大容量のコンプレ
ツサやブロワを必要とし、システム全体の効率を
損う。又後者の方法では圧力容器内の不活性ガス
が電池スタツク内にリークして各反応ガスに混入
するため電池反応性を低下させると共に、負荷変
動時一時的に電池側供給圧力が容器内圧より高く
なつて容器内へ反応ガスがリークするなどいづれ
の方法も問題があつた。 However, the former method requires a large-capacity compressor or blower to pressurize a large amount of inert gas and flow it through an open path, which impairs the efficiency of the entire system. In addition, in the latter method, the inert gas in the pressure vessel leaks into the battery stack and mixes with each reaction gas, reducing the battery reactivity and causing the supply pressure on the battery side to temporarily become higher than the pressure inside the vessel during load fluctuations. Both methods had problems, such as the reaction gas leaking into the container.
(ハ) 発明が解決しようとする問題点
この発明は圧力容器内に、電池よりリークした
反応ガスが蓄積しないよう処理すると共に加圧式
システムの効率化を図る点にある。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention aims to prevent reaction gas leaking from a battery from accumulating in a pressure vessel, and to improve the efficiency of a pressurized system.
(ニ) 問題点を解決するための手段
この発明は圧力容器内に白金属触媒を設置した
ものである。(d) Means for solving the problems This invention is one in which a platinum metal catalyst is installed inside a pressure vessel.
(ホ) 作用
この発明によれば、マニホルドシール部などか
ら圧力容器内にリークした各反応ガス（水素ガス
及び空気）は触媒の働きにより結合して水とな
り、圧力容器内にリークガスが蓄積するおそれが
ないので、多量の不活性ガスを流す必要なく圧力
容器内に不活性ガスを封入するか、わづかの不活
性ガスを流すだけで充分となる。(E) Effect According to this invention, each reaction gas (hydrogen gas and air) leaking into the pressure vessel from the manifold seal etc. is combined into water by the action of the catalyst, and there is a risk that the leak gas may accumulate in the pressure vessel. Since there is no need to flow a large amount of inert gas, it is sufficient to seal inert gas in the pressure vessel or to flow a small amount of inert gas.
(ヘ) 実施例
第１図は圧力容器内に収納した電池の各ガス経
路を模式的に示す図、第２図及び第３図は本発明
による加圧式燃料電池の横断面図及び縦断面図で
ある。(f) Example FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing each gas path of a battery housed in a pressure vessel, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view of a pressurized fuel cell according to the present invention. It is.
第１図の模式図で電池１の負極及び正極には
夫々水素ガス及び空気が加圧下で供給され、正負
極から排出された高温各排出ガスは例えば改質器
バーナー（図示せず）で燃焼される。圧力容器２
内は不活性ガス雰囲気となるよう加圧ガスが供給
される。これら各反応ガス及び不活性ガスは各系
統の圧力調整が必要なので入口側出口側に夫々バ
ルブ３，３′，４，４′及び５，５′を有する。又
熱回収器６及びブロワ７を有する循環閉回路８に
は加圧空気が循環して電池を冷却する。この閉回
路８内の加圧空気量はバルブ９，９′により調整
される。 In the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, hydrogen gas and air are supplied under pressure to the negative and positive electrodes of battery 1, respectively, and the high-temperature exhaust gases discharged from the positive and negative electrodes are combusted, for example, in a reformer burner (not shown). be done. pressure vessel 2
Pressurized gas is supplied to create an inert gas atmosphere inside. Since it is necessary to adjust the pressure of each system for these reaction gases and inert gases, valves 3, 3', 4, 4' and 5, 5' are provided on the inlet and outlet sides, respectively. Further, pressurized air is circulated through a closed circulation circuit 8 having a heat recovery device 6 and a blower 7 to cool the battery. The amount of pressurized air in this closed circuit 8 is adjusted by valves 9, 9'.
電池１は電池スタツク１０の一対向面に反応空
気用マニホルド１１，１１′と水素ガス用マニホ
ルド１２，１２′とを並設し、且他対向面に冷却
空気用マニホルド１３，１３′を取付けて構成さ
れる。これら各マニホルドの入口管及び出口管は
第３図のように圧力容器２の底壁を気密的に貫通
して外部へ導出されている。 The battery 1 has reaction air manifolds 11, 11' and hydrogen gas manifolds 12, 12' arranged side by side on one opposing surface of the battery stack 10, and cooling air manifolds 13, 13' mounted on the other opposing surface. configured. As shown in FIG. 3, the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of each of these manifolds pass through the bottom wall of the pressure vessel 2 in an airtight manner and are led out to the outside.
圧力容器２の内には、マニホルドのシール部よ
り容器２内にリークした水素ガスと空気とを反応
させて水とする触媒１４が設置される。図示実施
例ではカーボンペーパーやニツケルもしくはステ
ンレススチール網に白金、パラジウムなどの触媒
金属を担持させたものを金網などに包んで容器２
の内壁に固定した場合である。 A catalyst 14 is installed inside the pressure vessel 2 to react hydrogen gas leaked into the vessel 2 from the seal portion of the manifold with air to form water. In the illustrated embodiment, carbon paper, nickel or stainless steel mesh supporting a catalyst metal such as platinum or palladium is wrapped in a wire mesh or the like and the container 2
This is the case when it is fixed to the inner wall of.
反応するガスは、リークした空気中のO2ガス
とH2ガスであつて不純物がないため、触媒１４
は半永久的に使用可能である。又触媒下での反応
はH2ガス２モルとO2ガス１モルの割合で行はれ
るが、リークガス量がO2＞H2の場合H2ガス全部
が消費されO2ガスが残るが、圧力容器２内は不
活性ガスとO2（空気）とになり、一方H2＞O2の
場合消費されないH2ガスが残るが、圧力容器２
内は不活性ガスとH2ガスとなり、いづれもH2ガ
スとO2ガスが混在することがないので危険性は
ない。生成した水は容器内が160℃以上であるた
め水蒸気となり、適宜バルブ５，５′を開放して
不活性ガスと共に容器２外に排出するか、又はバ
ルブ５，５′をわづかに開放して絶えず流れてい
る微量の不活性ガスと共に排出すればよい。 The reacting gases are O 2 gas and H 2 gas in the leaked air, and there are no impurities, so the catalyst 14
can be used semi-permanently. In addition, the reaction under a catalyst is carried out at a ratio of 2 moles of H 2 gas and 1 mole of O 2 gas, but if the amount of leaked gas is O 2 > H 2 , all of the H 2 gas is consumed and only O 2 gas remains. The inside of the pressure vessel 2 becomes inert gas and O 2 (air), while if H 2 > O 2 , unconsumed H 2 gas remains, but the inside of the pressure vessel 2
Inside is inert gas and H 2 gas, and there is no danger as H 2 gas and O 2 gas do not mix. The generated water turns into steam because the temperature inside the container is 160°C or higher, and is discharged to the outside of the container 2 along with the inert gas by opening the valves 5 and 5' as appropriate, or by slightly opening the valves 5 and 5'. It can be discharged along with a small amount of inert gas that is constantly flowing.
(ト) 効果
本発明によれば、マニホルドシール部などから
圧力容器内にリークした水素ガスと空気（反応ガ
ス・冷却ガス）中の酸素ガスは、圧力容器内に設
置した触媒の働きにより消費されるので、圧力容
器内に水素ガスと酸素ガスが混在して蓄積される
ことがなく、安全性が向上する。従つて又圧力容
器内に加圧された不活性ガスを多量に流しつづけ
る必要なく、その分だけコンプレツサやブロワの
容量及び不活性ガス流量を低減することが可能と
なり、加圧式燃料電池の効率改善にも貢献するも
のである。(g) Effects According to the present invention, hydrogen gas leaking into the pressure vessel from the manifold seal etc. and oxygen gas in the air (reaction gas/cooling gas) are consumed by the action of the catalyst installed in the pressure vessel. Therefore, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas do not accumulate together in the pressure vessel, improving safety. Therefore, there is no need to keep a large amount of pressurized inert gas flowing into the pressure vessel, and the capacity of the compressor or blower and the inert gas flow rate can be reduced accordingly, improving the efficiency of pressurized fuel cells. It also contributes to
第１図は加圧式燃料電池の各ガス経路を示す模
式図、第２図及び第３図は本発明による加圧式燃
料電池の横断平面図、及び縦断正面図を夫々示
す。
１……電池、２……圧力容器、１０……電池ス
タツク、１１，１１′……反応空気用マニホルド、
１２，１２′……水素ガス用マニホルド、１３，
１３′……冷却空気用マニホルド、１４……触媒。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing each gas path of a pressurized fuel cell, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional plan view and a longitudinal sectional front view of the pressurized fuel cell according to the present invention, respectively. 1...Battery, 2...Pressure vessel, 10...Battery stack, 11, 11'...Reaction air manifold,
12, 12'...Hydrogen gas manifold, 13,
13'... Cooling air manifold, 14... Catalyst.
Claims (1)
前記電池へ供給される各反応ガス（水素ガスと空
気）圧とほゞ等しくした加圧式燃料電池におい
て、前記圧力容器内に、前記電池からリークした
前記水素ガスと前記空気中の酸素ガスとを反応さ
せる触媒を設置したことを特徴とする加圧式燃料
電池。1. In a pressurized fuel cell in which the inert gas pressure in the pressure vessel housing the battery is approximately equal to the pressure of each reaction gas (hydrogen gas and air) supplied to the battery, the pressure from the battery to the pressure vessel is A pressurized fuel cell characterized in that a catalyst is installed to cause the leaked hydrogen gas to react with the oxygen gas in the air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59233906A JPS61110967A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Pressure type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59233906A JPS61110967A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Pressure type fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61110967A JPS61110967A (en) | 1986-05-29 |
| JPH0261097B2 true JPH0261097B2 (en) | 1990-12-19 |
Family
ID=16962435
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59233906A Granted JPS61110967A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Pressure type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61110967A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE50104850D1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2005-01-20 | Siemens Ag | FUEL CELL ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL ARRANGEMENT |
| JP4004822B2 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2007-11-07 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Method and apparatus for detecting leaked hydrogen |
| JP2010146934A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-07-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid oxide fuel battery, and solid oxide fuel battery system |
-
1984
- 1984-11-06 JP JP59233906A patent/JPS61110967A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61110967A (en) | 1986-05-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |