JPH0262607B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a short fiber removal device that uses static electricity to remove short fibers from a group of fibers, and a short fiber removal method using the device. In the present invention, short fibers refer to fibers with a fiber length calculated as short fiber content in the cotton fiber length measurement method specified in JISL1019 in the fiber group.

Conventional technology In the spinning process, in order to produce high-quality yarn, it is important to remove short fibers, which are usually present in a few percent or more in the raw material fiber group, and to make fiber bundles as parallel as possible. be. On the other hand, the most common means for removing short fibers currently in use is mechanical means such as drawing or combing of fibers held at one end, such as carding or combing, or from fiber bundles.
In addition to the mechanical means mentioned above, a method using static electricity has been proposed [Textile World].
June 1966 issue, ("Textile Technology News" No. 354,
Published by Japan Textile Association in September 1966)].
In other words, it is a method using an asymmetric electrostatic field,
As shown in Figure 4, there are two electrodes, one of which is flat, and the other (2) has a curved surface that forms part of an ellipse. The electrode surfaces of are arranged as shown in FIG. 4 above, and the potential changes non-linearly in inverse proportion to the distance between the electrodes. In actual operation, individual fibers are fed between the electrodes A at the point of lowest electrostatic field strength. Then, these fibers are arranged along the direction of the force between the electrodes, and the fibers are further attracted toward the point B where the electric field strength is strong. In this case, the long fibers Fl move more quickly to the point B than the short fibers Fs.
The short fibers Fs are not attracted as easily as the long fibers Fl to the above-mentioned location B where the electric field strength is strong, and remain in the location A where the electric field strength is weak for a long period of time. This principle allows fibers to be separated according to their length, and short fibers Fs can be removed between the electrodes. Fig. 5 shows an example of a specific device, which is equipped with a flat electrode 1 and a curved electrode 2 of the same type as shown in the principle of Fig. 4. In order to perform continuous production, which is a requirement, endless belt 3
traverses between both electrodes 1 and 2, and sequentially carries away the fibers from the supply side. This endless belt 3 moves the arranged fibers in a direction perpendicular to the direction of fiber transfer and movement. A short fiber take-out duct 4 takes out the separated short fibers Fs, and a long fiber take-out duct 5 takes out the long fibers Fl.
It is designed to transport long and short fibers to two suction ducts.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Among the above-mentioned conventional means for removing short fibers from a group of fibers, in the case of mechanical means, fibers are likely to be cut, and at the same time the short fibers are removed, conversely. This results in the formation of short fibers and neps, and it is extremely difficult to reduce the short fibers below a certain limit.Furthermore, the amount of short fibers to be removed increases, and there are problems such as hooks in the fibers and poor parallelism. be. In addition, in the case of electrostatic means, the short fibers remain in a place where the electric field strength is weak for a long period of time, and the short fibers floating between the electrodes gather together and form connected long fibers to the long fiber side. There are problems such as migration, and the efficiency of short fiber separation is not good.

An object of the present invention is to provide a short fiber removal device and a method for removing short fibers that solve the problems in the conventional technology as described above by focusing on electrostatic means in removing short fibers from a fiber group. It is something to do.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the short fiber removing device of the present invention has two rotatable short fiber removing devices facing each other with a predetermined interval.
a cylindrical net, a static electricity generator that applies high-voltage static electricity between the two cylindrical nets, and a suction device disposed on the back side of at least one of the opposing surfaces of the two cylindrical nets. and a fiber group splitting supply device including a separating roller provided on the upper side of the rotation of the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets, and a lower side of the rotation near the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets. and a conveyor belt for pulling out fiber groups, one end of which is in contact with the surface of one of the cylindrical nets, and which pulls out the fiber groups in a direction intersecting a straight line connecting the rotation axes of both cylindrical nets. Further, the method for removing short fibers of the present invention is characterized in that the fiber web is peeled off from the carding machine using a peeling roller, and then the fiber web is fed to the short fiber removal device described above to remove the short fibers. be.

Effect In the above configuration of the present invention, high-voltage static electricity is applied between two rotatable cylindrical meshes facing each other at a predetermined interval and attracted from at least one back side, and the opposite surface In the meantime, from the upper side of the rotation, for example, the web peeled off from the card of the carding machine is split into single fibers by the splitting roller of the fiber group splitting and feeding device, and each fiber is formed into a cylindrical network. The fibers are held almost perpendicularly to the circumferential surface between them, and the fibers with long fiber length are continuous and form a bridge between the opposing surfaces, and in this state, they move as the cylindrical mesh rotates. , the fibers are drawn out in the form of a web with the fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction without remaining from the surface of the cylindrical net by a conveyor belt for pulling out the fiber group, while the short fibers are reciprocated between the two cylindrical nets due to electrostatic attraction. In the end, the short fibers are suctioned and removed by the suction airflow through the mesh to the suction device on the back side, and the short fibers can be efficiently removed without causing any damage to the fibers, and a fiber bundle with good arrangement can be obtained. Can be done.

Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of the main part of a short fiber removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the main part of the same short fiber removing device, and FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the same short fiber removing device. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the apparatus connected directly to a carding machine.
In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a carding machine, which is composed of a feed roller 12, a take-in roller 13, a cylinder 14, a flat 15, and a dot 16. A fiber group separation supply device 18 of the short fiber removal device 17 is provided. The fiber group separation supply device 18 includes a peeling roller 18A that peels off the web accumulated on the surface of the paper 16 of the carding machine 11, and separates the peeled web into single fibers for the next process. The feeding surface is formed by a well-known separating roller 18B made of metallic cloth or the like and rotating at high speed, and the stripping roller 18A and the separating roller 18B are separated by a cover 18a.
covered with In the short fiber removal device 17,
A frame body 19 is provided adjacent to the fiber group splitting supply device 18.
Inside, two cylindrical nets 20 and 21 with rotating shafts arranged horizontally are disposed vertically in parallel and facing each other at a predetermined interval with their circumferential surfaces adjustable. The predetermined interval is usually such that the interval 1 between the two circumferential surfaces 20a and 21a on the straight line L connecting the rotation axes of both cylindrical meshes is 1.5 to 2.5 times the effective fiber length l of the fiber group; The adjustment is carried out by raising and lowering the bearing portion of at least one of the cylindrical nets. The two cylindrical nets 20 and 21 are rotationally driven so that opposing peripheral surfaces 20a and 21a run toward the right. 22A and 22B are drive belts. Pipe-shaped suction devices 23 and 24 are installed inside the two cylindrical nets 20 and 21, and the predetermined rotation angles α and 24 of the cylindrical nets 20 and 21 are set respectively.
Suction ports 23a, 24 on the back side of the peripheral surface corresponding to β
A is open. Note that the suction devices 23 and 24
are rotatable and have slightly different radii.
almost semi-cylindrical bodies 23A, 23B, 24A, 24B
are combined in a sliding pattern to form the suction port 23.
The degree of opening of a and 24a, that is, the angles α and β, can be freely adjusted to control the suction force, that is, the amount of fiber suction. Adjustment of the opening degrees (angles α, β) of the suction ports 23a, 24b is performed using the semi-cylindrical bodies 23A, 23.
Cylindrical shaft portions 23Aa, 23Ba, 24Aa, 24Ba provided on both side plates of B, 24A, and 24B, respectively.
This can be done by protruding outward through the inside of cylindrical rotating shafts 20b, 21b provided on both side plates of each cylindrical net 20, 21, and rotating each end thereof through a desired angle. That is, the shaft portions 23Aa, 2 of the semi-cylindrical bodies 23A, 24A with a large radius
4Aa is the rotating shaft 20b, 2 of the cylindrical mesh 20, 21.
The shaft portions 23Ba, 24Ba of the semi-cylindrical bodies 23B, 24B with a small radius are connected to the shaft portion 2 on the large radius side by slidingly contacting the inner circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical body 1b and protruding to the outside, respectively.
The shaft portions 23Aa, 24Aa and 24
Each semi-cylindrical body 23A, 23 at the end of Aa, 24Ba
B, 23Ba, and 24Ba are rotated alternately so as to have a predetermined opening degree. In addition, two semi-cylindrical bodies 23A
and 23B, and 24A and 24B overlap each other, at the ends of the semi-cylindrical bodies 23B and 24B,
In order to maintain airtightness, sealing materials 23Bb and 24Bb are attached to slide on the inner peripheral surfaces of the other semi-cylindrical bodies 23B and 24A. Further, the cylindrical shaft portions 23Ba, 2
4Ba has suction fans on both sides (not shown).
is connected to. In FIG. 2, 20c and 21c are bearing parts having ball bearings for the rotating shafts 20b and 21b, and 20d and 21d are driving chain wheels. an electrostatic generator 25 that generates high-voltage negative static electricity on the circumferential surface 21a of the cylindrical mesh 21;
are connected via the connecting terminal 26, and the circumferential surface 20a of the other cylindrical mesh 20 is connected to the ground 2 via the connecting terminal 27.
8. Upper side of rotation of opposing peripheral surfaces 20a and 21a of both cylindrical meshes 20 and 21 (left side in the drawing)
The fiber group splitting supply device 18 is connected to the supply duct 1.
8, and both the cylindrical meshes 20, 2
A linear con-bearing 29 that touches the circumferential surface of the cylindrical net 20 at one end and runs at the same surface speed as the cylindrical net 20 is connected to the lower side of the rotation from near the straight line L connecting the rotation axis of the cylindrical net 20 to the straight line L. A nip belt 30 is disposed in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical net 20 and runs in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt 29 with one end in contact with the cylindrical net 20 on the upper surface side. can be peeled off in a web shape, sandwiched between both belts, and pulled out in a direction perpendicular to the straight line L.

The cylindrical nets 20 and 21 are preferably made of a metal porous plate, a metal net, a conductive porous rubber sheet, etc., and have a pore diameter of 3 to 6 mm and an aperture ratio of 40 to 60%.

In the above-mentioned series of devices, the laps are fed to the carding machine 11 by the feed roller 12, and the laps are divided into single fibers by means of a cloth attached to the surfaces of the take-in roller 13, the cylinder 14, and the flat 15, and then combed. , removes impurities, etc., and accumulates them as a web on the surface of the document 17. The web on the surface of the cloth 16 is continuously peeled off by the peeling roller 18A of the fiber group separating supply device 18 in the short fiber removing device 17 in the next step, and the peeled web is removed by the separating roller 18B. The fibers separated into single fibers are subjected to high voltage (usually 30,000 to 50,000 volts) negative static electricity from the supply duct 18Bb, and both cylindrical meshes 20, The circumferential surface 20 of both cylindrical nets 20, 21 in a state where the suction devices 23, 24 of 21 are activated and both cylindrical nets 20, 21, conveyor belt 29, and nip pelt 30 are driven.
It is supplied between a and 21a. The supplied fibers are applied to the gradually narrowing peripheral surfaces 20a and 21 of both cylindrical nets 20 and 21.
The fibers are arranged in a gradually elongated state between 20a and 21a due to electrostatic attraction and attractive force, and the fibers with relatively long fiber length are connected to each other to form a bridge between both peripheral surfaces 20a and 21a. The short fibers are held in point contact with the circumferential surface without blocking the mesh, and the short fibers are held on both circumferential surfaces 20a and 21a.
The two peripheral surfaces 20a and 21a float between them due to electrostatic attraction, and do not continue in a bridge-like manner.
The liquid passes through the mesh and is sucked into the suction devices 23 and 24 from the suction ports 23a and 24a, and is removed. The long fibers are held between the circumferential surfaces 20a and 21a and move to the lower side together with the cylindrical nets 20 and 21,
The fibers adhere to one end 29a of the conveyor belt 29 from the circumferential surface 20a of the cylindrical net 20 on the lower side near the narrowest point between the two circumferential surfaces 20a and 21a, and are captured from one end while being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. The sliver is peeled off in a web shape, held between the nip belt 30 and propagated in a direction perpendicular to the straight line L, and, while being focused by a trumpet 31, is drawn out as a sliver by a calender roller 32, and is turned into a sliver by a coiler 33. It is stored in 34.

Specifically, in the above method, cotton having a fineness of 1.5 denier and an effective fiber length of 30 mm was
The distance l between ^the circumferential surfaces of
2600rpm, surface speed of belt conveyor 29 20m/
As a result of processing under conditions of The alignment of the fibers in the longitudinal direction is very good, no hooks are formed, and each fiber is not subjected to damaging mechanical forces, so the quality does not deteriorate. As described above, the difficulty in removing short fibers, which was a drawback of conventional carding machines, has been overcome, and the fine carding process subsequent to the conventional carding process can be omitted.

Furthermore, in conventional carding machines, stripping the web from the carding machine is difficult because the surface speed of the carding machine and the stripping roller is almost constant due to gelling control of the sliver. However, in the above embodiment, the stripping roller 18A of the fiber group splitting supply device 18 in the short fiber removal device 17 has a problem in that the web tends to wrap around the surface of the fiber 16 at a higher speed. Since the web can be peeled off at a high speed, there is no possibility of the web wrapping around the cloth 16, and the web is separated into single fibers by the separating roller 18B and placed between the two cylindrical nets 20 and 21. Since the fibers are fed, the amount of passing fibers can be easily and accurately measured, and the amount of processed fibers can be controlled very easily.

Further, in the short fiber removing device 17, the conveyor belt 29 is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the straight line L, and one end of the nip belt 30 is also arranged on the circumferential surface.
0a, the web can be peeled off smoothly from the circumferential surface 20a of the cylindrical mesh 20, and the fibers may remain attached to the circumferential surface 20a, causing winding or disturbance of the fiber arrangement of the web. There's nothing to wake up.

In the present invention, instead of feeding the lap to the carding machine, chute feeding or hopper feeding may be performed. In addition, all types of carding machines currently in use can be used, such as single card card, tandem card card, etc. Furthermore, the carding machine and short fiber removal device control devices, dust collectors, etc. can be connected and interlocked.

In addition, in the short fiber removal device of the present invention, in addition to directly connecting the short fiber removal to the carding machine as described above, it can also be easily applied to fiber tact, sliver, and web in any process, Particularly in the case of blending different types of fibers, it is extremely effective even on uniformly blended cotton. Further, the fiber group drawn out from the short fiber removing device may be fed back to the carding machine, thereby making it possible to remove dust, neps, etc. even more effectively.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the short fiber suction device was installed with a suction port whose opening degree could be adjusted freely. When changing the opening degree, the suction device may be replaced with another suction device set to the desired opening degree.Also, although the above-mentioned suction devices were provided on both cylindrical meshes, they may be provided on only one side. A suction device may be provided on one side of the cylindrical net, and the airflow may be gently blown out from the other side of the cylindrical net. Further, the static electricity applied between both cylindrical meshes may be either positive or negative, positive and negative may be alternately applied, or positive electricity may be applied to one cylindrical mesh and negative electricity may be applied to the other cylindrical mesh.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, short fibers can be removed extremely efficiently due to the synergistic effect of applying electrostatic attraction and suction force between opposing cylindrical nets using the short fiber removal device. In addition, there is no mechanical force that would cut the fibers, causing no damage to the fibers, and the fibers are arranged almost perpendicularly to the circumferential surface of the cylindrical mesh, resulting in parallelism. Fiber bundles that are captured in good condition, have no hook-like shape, and have excellent parallelism are wrapped around the circumferential surface or disturbed by the conveyor belt that touches the circumferential surface of one of the cylindrical nets at one end. It can be directly connected to a carding machine to strip the sliver web without wrapping it, split it into fibers, and continuously supply it, producing a fiber bundle (sliver) with a short fiber content similar to that of combed fibers. ) can be obtained efficiently, and the carding machine (combing) process is no longer necessary, which greatly contributes to shortening and streamlining the spinning process.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of the main part of a short fiber removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the main part of the same short fiber removing device, and FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the same short fiber removing device. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example, and FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the conventional device. 11... Carding machine, 16... Carding machine, 17...
Short fiber removal device, 18... fiber group separation supply device,
18A... Stripping roller, 18B... Separating roller,
20, 21...Cylindrical mesh, 20a, 21a...Surrounding surface, 23, 24...Suction device, 25...Static electricity generator, 29...Conveyor belt.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Two rotatable cylindrical meshes facing each other with a predetermined interval, a static electricity generator that applies high-voltage static electricity between the two cylindrical meshes, and the two cylindrical meshes. A fiber group separation supply device comprising a suction device disposed on the back side of at least one of the opposing surfaces of the cylindrical nets, and a separation roller provided on the upper side of rotation of the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets. Then, one end touches the surface of one of the cylindrical nets on the lower side of rotation near the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets, and the fiber group crosses the straight line connecting the rotation axes of both cylindrical nets. A short fiber removal device characterized by comprising a conveyor belt for pulling out fiber groups in a direction in which fibers are removed. 2. The fiber web is peeled off from the carding machine using a peeling roller, and then high-voltage static electricity is applied between two rotatable cylindrical nets that face each other at a predetermined distance, and the two cylindrical nets. a static electricity generator to apply; a suction device disposed on the back side of at least one of the opposing surfaces of the two cylindrical nets; and a suction device disposed on the upper side of the rotation of the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets. A fiber group separating supply device equipped with a fiber roller, and one end of the fiber group in contact with the surface of one of the cylindrical nets on the lower side of the rotation near the opposing portions of the two cylindrical nets, and the fiber group is separated into both cylindrical nets. A method for removing short fibers, characterized in that the short fibers are removed by supplying the short fibers to a short fiber removal device comprising a conveyor belt for pulling out fiber groups that pulls out the fibers in a direction perpendicular to a straight line connecting the rotation axes of the fibers.