JPH028842B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a rotary cylinder for operating a mechanical chuck attached to a machine tool such as a lathe or turret lathe, and is applicable to both pneumatic and hydraulic systems.

Prior Art and its Problems It is well known that various types of rotating cylinders have been developed and put into practical use. However, in conventional rotary cylinders, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-49323, etc., a rotary shaft portion that protrudes rearward is provided at the center of the rear surface of the cylinder body, and a pressurized fluid is supplied to the outer periphery of the rotary shaft portion. A discharge distributor body (rotary joint) is rotatably attached, and the distributor body is arranged in series with the cylinder body in the axial direction. Therefore, the amount of protrusion of the distributor body toward the rear of the cylinder body increases, and the length of the rotary cylinder in the axial direction increases, and this tendency becomes even more pronounced when a rotary joint for water injection is installed. Needless to say, a rotary cylinder is used by being connected to a mechanical chuck via a spindle and a connecting rod, and in the conventional rotary cylinder mentioned above, the rotating part to rotate the chuck is quite long. Then,
This has the problem of generating vibrations and lowering rigidity due to rotation, making it difficult to adapt to high-speed rotation, and requiring a large installation space in the axial direction.

Purpose and Summary In view of the problems of the conventional device described above, the present invention
This is an attempt to provide a rotating cylinder that can significantly shorten the axial length of the rotating cylinder.A hollow part is provided in the center of a rod connected to the piston of the cylinder, and a rod-shaped distributor body is placed in this hollow part relative to the cylinder. A fluid conduit that is rotatably fitted into the distributor body, has at least two supply/discharge ports and two fluid conduits communicating with the supply/discharge ports, and has the fluid conduit of the distributor body bored through the rod. It is characterized in that it communicates with the piston chamber of the cylinder via the piston chamber.

Embodiments The present application will be described in detail below with reference to drawings showing embodiments. In the drawings, FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 6 show cylinders that use hydraulic pressure, and FIG. 8 shows cylinders that use pneumatic pressure, and each cylinder is constructed as follows.

First, in FIG. 1, 6 is a cylinder body, which is composed of a front plate 6a and a casing 6b, and a piston 9 housed in a piston chamber 8 of the cylinder body 6.
A rod 7 is fixed to the rod 7, and a hollow portion 7d is bored in the center of the rod 7, and the pressurized fluid distributed by the distributor body 1, which will be described later, is
Fluid pipelines 10, 11, 12, 1 leading to predetermined locations
3 (hereinafter referred to as a flow path) are perforated. In the above description, the rod 7 and the piston 9 are made up of two members, but even if they are integrally constructed, there will be no problem in implementing the present invention.

Next, the distributor main body 1 will be explained. The distributor main body 1 is formed into a rod shape that protrudes by a predetermined length from the side surface of the flange 2, and one end of the three channels 3, 4, and 5 bored in the distributor main body 1 is shown in FIG. and supply/discharge ports 3 provided radially on the peripheral surface 2a of the flange 2 and on the same circumference as shown in FIG.
a, 4a, 5a, and each supply/discharge port 3
Pressure fluid is supplied and discharged from a, 4a, and 5a, and two of the three flow paths 3, 4, and 5 are flow paths for pressurized fluid (oil) that actuates the piston 9. Then, the remaining flow path 5 opens at the tip of the distributor body 1,
Water, oil, etc. used for workpiece cleaning, cooling, cutting, etc.
It serves as an air flow path. The distributor main body 1 configured as described above is fitted into the hollow part 7d bored in the rod 7 of the piston 9, and the bearing 1 is inserted into the hollow part 7d.
4 and 14, it is rotatably supported on the rod 7 of the cylinder. As is clear from the drawings, in this embodiment, the bearing 14 on one side (the right side in the drawings) is always located inside the cylinder body 6 regardless of whether the piston 9 moves forward or backward. In addition, in the above embodiment, the distributor main body 1
Although the case where the flange 2 and the flange 2 are integrated is shown, they may be constructed separately and fixed together by an appropriate method.

Next, communication between the rod 7 and each flow path bored in the distributor body 1 is carried out as follows. Among the channels bored in the rod 7, the channel 10 communicates with the channel 4 of the distributor body 1 via a communicating channel 15, an annular channel 16 bored in the inner surface of the hollow portion 7d, and a communicating channel 15a. , its front end is open to the cylinder chamber 8 on the front side of the piston 9, and the pressure fluid supplied from the flow path 4 is guided to the cylinder chamber 8 on the front side. Next, the flow path 11 communicates with the flow path 3 of the distributor main body 1 through the communication path 17, an annular path 18 provided in the rod 7 in the same manner as described above, and the flow path 3 of the distributor body 1 through the communication path 17a. It communicates with the cylinder chamber 8 on the rear side of the distributor body 9 and guides the pressurized fluid supplied from the flow path 3 of the distributor main body 1 to the cylinder chamber 8 on the rear side. Further, the flow passage 12 provided in the rod 7 has a front end opening into the connecting rod attachment hole 20 and the other end opening into the hollow part 7d of the rod 7. Pressurized fluid for use in other applications is supplied to the chuck (both not shown) via a connecting rod. A flow path 13 bored in the rod 7 is a flow path for collecting drain, and drain is collected from various places inside the rod 7. A drain reservoir 21 fixed to the flange 2 covers the rear end of the rod 7.
The drain is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 21a. In the drawing, 22 is a mounting seat for a stroke confirmation dog provided on the upper surface of the drain reservoir 21, and 23 is a sealing member such as a mechanical seal. Incidentally, in the drawings of the above-mentioned embodiments, in order to facilitate the explanation, the drawings are simplified without considering assembly.

In the case of the above-mentioned rotating cylinder, there is a hollow part 7 in the center of the rod 7 connected to the piston 9 of the cylinder.
d, and the rod-shaped distributor body 1 is fitted into the hollow portion 7d so as to be rotatable relative to the cylinder body 6, so that the rear end of the distributor body 1 can be brought very close to the rear surface of the cylinder body 6. As a result, the length of the rotating cylinder can be extremely shortened, and the mounting space in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder can be reduced.

Next, when using the above rotating cylinder,
The front plate 6a of the cylinder body 6 is fixed to the rear end of a spindle (not shown), a connecting rod is attached to the connecting rod attachment hole 20, and the chuck is fixed to the front end of the spindle. Connect to sleeve. In addition, pressure fluid piping (not shown) is attached to each of the supply/discharge ports 3a, 4a, and 5a of the flange 2, and the pressure fluid piping is connected to the rod 7 in the forward and backward movement direction by a holding fitting such as a fork. However, the manner in which they are used is similar to the conventional method of mounting rotary cylinders.

As mentioned above, flow path 1 is more important than flow paths 3 and 4.
When pressurized fluid is alternately supplied to the cylinder chamber 8 through the pistons 0 and 11, the piston 9 operates and the rod 7 moves back and forth, moving the jaws of the chuck in the radial direction to grip and release the workpiece. Due to the back and forth movement of the cylinder body 6, all parts except the cylinder body 6 move back and forth. Furthermore, when the spindle is rotated to process a workpiece, the distributor main body 1 is held so that the pipes attached to the supply/discharge ports 3a, 4a, and 5a of the flange 2 are not allowed to rotate by the holding metal fittings, as described above. Therefore, the drain reservoir 21 attached to the distributor body 1 and flange 2 does not rotate.
The rest of the cylinder, including the rod 7, rotates together with the chuck to process the gripped workpiece. In this way, the distributor main body 1 is integrated with the rod 7 and is configured to move back and forth, but not rotate, so the above-mentioned pressure fluid flow path system is not affected in any case. Pressure fluid can be supplied and discharged without any problems.
Furthermore, since bearings 14 are interposed between the distributor body 1 and the rod 7, rotation is extremely smooth. When rotating the spindle as described above, the length of the rotating cylinder in the axial direction is shortened, so vibrations caused by chuck rotation can be reduced, stabilizing the rotation, and increasing rigidity. It can be made large and suitable for high speed rotation.

Next, regarding FIG. 3, only the differences from the above-mentioned FIGS. 1 and 2 (hereinafter referred to as the first embodiment) will be explained. As is clear from the drawings, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the rod 7 in the first embodiment is integrally constructed, whereas in this embodiment it is directly fixed to the piston 9. a piston rod 7a, and a cylindrical body 7b that is integrally fitted into the hollow part of the piston rod 7a, and into which the distributor main body 1 is fitted in the same way as in the first embodiment.
The rod 7 is composed of two members,
The other configurations and effects, such as the mounting position of the bearing 14, are all the same as in the first embodiment. In this embodiment as well, one side of the bearing 14 is located inside the cylinder body 6, as in the first embodiment. It should be noted that whether or not the rod 7 is made into one piece or made up of two members is an arbitrary design choice that takes processing and assembly into consideration, and does not affect the invention of the present application in any way.
However, since the rod 7 is composed of two members, in order to guide the pressure fluid from the flow paths 3 and 4 to the flow paths 10 and 11, the annular paths 16a and 18a and the communication paths 15b and 1 are connected.
7b is added (hereinafter, this embodiment will be referred to as the second embodiment).

Next, the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is as follows. In this embodiment, one of the three channels 3, 4, and 5 bored in the distributor body 1 is used as a drain channel, and the drain collected in the drain channel 13 is is discharged to the outside from the supply/discharge port 5a of the flange 2 via the flow path 5,
The drain reservoir 21 in the first and second embodiments is not provided. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as is clear from FIG. 4, only one bearing 14 is located inside the cylinder body 6 when the piston 9 retreats, but when the piston 9 moves forward, both bearings 14 are located inside the cylinder body 6.
4 is located inside the cylinder body 6, and everything else is the same as the first and second embodiments.
In the figure, 24 is a stopper for adjusting the piston stroke.

Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a hollow pipe 25 for inserting a workpiece when machining a long object such as a pipe or bar is rotated into the hollow part 1a provided in the distributor main body 1. The distributor body 1 has two channels 3 and 4, and the pressurized fluid supplied to the channel 3 is connected to the connecting channels 17a, 17b,
19 and the annular passages 18, 18a, and are guided directly to the rear side of the cylinder chamber 8, but otherwise are the same as the first and second embodiments. Furthermore, hollow pipe 25
The front end of the piston rod 7a is fixed to the front end of the piston rod 7a, and the rear end is rotatably supported by a bearing 14a, and the mounting position of the bearing 14 is the same as in the first and second embodiments.

Finally, the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, which utilizes air pressure, will be described. As is well known in pneumatic cylinders, some lubricating oil is supplied to the supplied air, but this oil is insufficient for parts that rotate at high speed, so some kind of metal bearing material is used. must be used to prevent seizure. In this embodiment, in view of the above, a metal member 7c made of bronze casting or the like is press-fitted into the inside of the cylindrical body 7b constituting the rod 7, and the metal member 7c is integrated.
The rod 7 is composed of the cylinder body 7b and the piston rod 7a, and the metal member 7c and the distributor main body 1 are brought into sliding contact to prevent burnout. Note that the number of channels 3, 4, and 5 drilled in the distributor body 1, the destinations of pressure fluid supplied to each channel 3, 4, and 5, and the mounting position of the bearing 14 are the same as in the first embodiment. Annular passages 16b, 18b and communication passages 15c, 17c bored in the metal member 7c are added to the second embodiment. Furthermore, in all the embodiments described above, the distributor main body 1 is provided in the flange 2, and one end of the channels 3, 4, 5 are all communicated with the supply/discharge ports 3a, 4a, 5a of the flange 2. However, it is also possible to implement the present invention without providing the flange 2 by opening one of the two on the rear end surface of the distributor main body 1 and opening the other two on the outer peripheral surface.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention includes a distributor body having a flow path for pressurized fluid that is fitted into a hollow part bored in the center of a rod connected to a piston, and a pressure fluid is supplied from the distributor body to desired locations in the cylinder. Since the fluid is supplied and discharged, there is no need to arrange the rotary joint in series behind the cylinder body as in the conventional case, and the distributor body can be placed facing inside the cylinder body. The amount of protrusion toward the rear of the main body can be made as small as possible, and as a result, the length of the rotary cylinder in the axial direction can be shortened, and the generation of vibrations caused by rotation can be prevented, and the rigidity can be increased, making it suitable for high-speed rotation. Moreover, there is an effect that the mounting space in the axial direction of the rotary cylinder can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG.
2 is a partially omitted left end view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the embodiment.
The figure is a sectional view of the third embodiment, FIG. 5 is a left end view of FIG. 4 with a part omitted, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. Left end view of the figure,
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a left end view of FIG. 8 with a part omitted. For convenience of explanation, the fluid pipes are shown to be in the same phase in all of the above sectional views. Described in. 1... Distributor main body, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11,
12, 13...Fluid pipe line, 6...Cylinder body,
7...rod, 7a...piston rod, 7b...
... Cylindrical body, 7c... Metal member, 7d... Hollow part,
8...Piston chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hollow part is provided in the center of the rod connected to the piston of the cylinder, a rod-shaped distributor body is fitted into the hollow part so as to be rotatable relative to the cylinder, and at least two supply/discharge ports and the supply/discharge ports are provided in the distributor body. A rotary cylinder that is provided with two fluid pipelines communicating with ports, and the fluid pipeline of the distributor body is communicated with the piston chamber of the cylinder via a fluid pipeline bored in a rod.