JPH02942B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention can provide stable and strong support to the alveolar ridge, thereby preventing wobbling, involuntary tenderness, falling off, etc. during mastication. Regarding dentures that can be made.

Prior Art FIG. 1 shows a typical example of a conventional denture 1, which is composed of an artificial tooth 2 and a denture base 3 to which the artificial tooth 2 is fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the denture base 3 has an inner surface 4 having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section, and this surface is in close contact with the alveolar ridge 5 mucous membrane. Generally, the denture 1 is constructed so that it can be easily removed for cleaning, etc. However, it often falls off against the user's will or becomes displaced during mastication, causing inconvenience to the user.
The current situation is that it has not been resolved. Figure 3 A, B
The structure shown in FIG.
-51710). With this structure, when the denture is first used, air escapes from the space formed in the groove 6 as shown in Figure A during mastication to the outside through the contact surface of the denture base 3 and the alveolar ridge 5, and the inside of the space is becomes a negative pressure state, and the denture 1 sticks to the alveolar ridge 5, but as the denture is used repeatedly, the gums invade into the groove 6 as shown in Figure B.
The space disappears and the adsorption effect becomes impossible to obtain.

Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide a denture that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, maintains the advantage of being freely removable, stabilizes the denture fixation, and allows smooth mastication movements. .

Structure of the Invention The denture according to the present invention includes: a recess formed on the inner surface of the denture base so as to form a sealed space between the denture base and the alveolar ridge mucosal surface; a small hole communicating from the recess to the outer surface of the denture base; The gist thereof is to include a valve means formed in the small hole to allow air to pass only from the recess to the outer surface of the denture base, and a gingival invasion prevention means to prevent gingiva from entering the recess.

Embodiment FIGS. 4 to 6 show embodiments of the present invention,
FIG. 4 shows the back structure of the denture 1 that is fitted into the lower jaw. 2 and 3 are the aforementioned artificial teeth and denture bases, 7 is a recess formed at the bottom of the U-shaped portion of the denture base 3, and 8, 8... are a number of convex portions formed in this recess 7. It is. These convex portions 8, 8, . . . function as a means for preventing invasion of the gums. That is, with mastication, the sealed space formed between the recess 7 and the alveolar ridge 5 becomes negative pressure, and the gums are sucked into this space and protrude slightly. As the chewing action is repeated in this way, the gums deform along the wall surface of the recess 7 and try to fill it, but the recess 7 is formed into a slightly uneven surface by the convex parts 8, 8... Therefore, it is not possible to completely satisfy this requirement. Therefore, despite some deformation of the gingiva, the space within the recess 7 is maintained and the suction effect due to the negative pressure is not impaired. Reference numeral 9 denotes a small air vent hole formed in the denture base 3 to communicate from the recess 7 to the outer surface of the denture base, preferably the buccal surface, and has a diameter of about 1 mm to 5 mm. Reference numeral 10 denotes a valve disposed near the outlet of this small hole 9, and is made of a soft elastic material such as rubber. This valve has a generally hollow conical shape as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, and has a notch of 1.
It is divided into two parts at 1. Instead of this cut 11, it is also possible to use a dotted microhole. recess 7
Air and saliva pushed out from the sides push this valve 10 wide, pass through the notch 11, and are discharged to the outside. This valve 10 allows air and saliva to pass only in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and allows air and saliva to pass through the recess 7 from the outside.
No air flows back inside. 12 is the small hole 9
These air vent portions are formed by, for example, a cylindrical body made of the same material as the denture base 3, and a cylindrical body 12 with a valve 10 installed in advance inserted into a hole drilled in the denture base 3. .

7 and 8 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which the above-mentioned recess 7 is covered with a plate member 14 having a large number of small holes 13, 13, . . . formed therein. This plate member 14 is formed of a thin metal plate, synthetic resin, plate, rubber plate, etc., and does not deform or does not deform even when subjected to the pressing force of the alveolar ridge 5 or the suction force generated in the recess 7 space. It also has a spring force that allows it to return to its original shape.

This plate member 14 is configured to be removable from the denture base 3. 9 is a microhole having a valve similar to that described above. With such a structure, invasion of the gums into the recess 7 is more reliably prevented. In the two embodiments described above, an appropriate number of microholes 9 are formed, and can be located, for example, at both end portions where they are difficult to see from the outside.

To explain the function of this structure, the pressure applied to the denture during mastication pushes the gingiva toward the recess 7 space and compresses the recess 7 space.
A portion of the air inside passes through the small hole 9 and the valve 10 and is discharged to the outside. Subsequently, when the pressure applied to the denture 1 is removed, the recess 7 space tries to return to its original state due to the elasticity of the gums, creating negative pressure inside.
This causes the denture 1 to strongly adhere to the alveolar ridge 5. In this way, the air releasing action through the small holes 9 is performed every time the chewing action is performed, so that the adsorption force may increase but never decrease, and a particularly strong adhesion force can be obtained during the mastication action. There is an advantage.

In each of the above embodiments, the dentures for the lower jaw have been described, but it goes without saying that the same structure can be adopted for the dentures for the upper jaw.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the space formed between the recess provided on the inner surface of the denture base and the alveolar ridge is compressed with mastication, and as a result of this compression, the air inside the space is forced into small pores. and is pushed out through the valve. Therefore, when the space compressive force is removed, the negative pressure in the space increases, which greatly increases the adhesion force of the denture to the alveolar ridge mucosa.

In addition, since the recess is provided with a means for preventing gum intrusion, which consists of a protrusion and/or a plate member, there is no risk of the gum intruding into the recess, and stable suction force is maintained for a long period of time. can do. Particularly in the case of dentures that are fitted into the upper jaw, conventionally it was common to have a palate that covers the entire surface of the upper jaw in the oral cavity in order to increase the suction area, but according to the present invention, the suction force to the alveolar ridge is large. Therefore, there is almost no risk of it falling off due to its own weight, so the roof of the mouth is unnecessary, eliminating the feeling of a foreign body.

Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to a local denture, the clasp (retention hook) becomes unnecessary due to the enhanced adsorption force. Traditionally, this clasp is attached to hook teeth,
However, with the present invention, there is no stress on the hooked teeth, there is no need to worry about shortening their lifespan, and at the same time the dentures are more aesthetically pleasing. Improvements will be made.

Normally, the shape of the alveolar ridge and jaw changes over the years due to recession, etc., making it less compatible with the denture base, but if the denture is continued to be used in such an unfitted state, the jaw and alveolar ridge will recede due to the tapping effect. The deformation is further accelerated, resulting in the disadvantage that the entire denture must be remade. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the denture is stabilized, deformation due to recession as described above can be suppressed to a minimum, and the fitting state of the denture can be maintained for a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a typical shape of a denture, Figure 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1, and Figures 3A and B are
4 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a sectional view of FIG. 4;
6A is an enlarged front view of the main part, FIG. 6B is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part. It is. 1... Denture, 2... Artificial tooth, 3... Denture base, 5
... Alveolar ridge, 7 ... Concavity, 8, 8 ... Convexity, 9 ...
...Small hole, 10...Valve, 14...Plate member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A denture having an artificial tooth and a denture base to which the artificial tooth is fixed, wherein the denture base has a recess formed on its inner surface so as to form a sealed space between it and the alveolar ridge mucosal surface. A small hole communicating from the recess to the outer surface of the denture base, a valve means formed in the small hole to allow air to pass only from the recess to the outer surface of the denture base, and preventing gingiva from entering the recess. A denture characterized by comprising means for preventing gum invasion. 2. According to claim 1, the gingival intrusion prevention means is constituted by a convex portion provided in the recess to form an uneven surface on which the gingiva cannot be deformed along the wall. dentures. 3. The above-mentioned gum invasion prevention means is constituted by a plate member having a plurality of small holes, which covers the above-mentioned recess and forms a space between the recess and the recess. Dentures according to scope 1. 4. The gingival invasion prevention means includes a convex portion provided within the recess to form an uneven surface that prevents deformation of the gingiva along the wall, and a convex portion that covers the recess and forms a space between the recess and the recess. 2. The denture according to claim 1, wherein the denture is made of a removable plate member having a plurality of small holes.