JPH0310833B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a hydraulic and pneumatic valve used for general industrial purposes.
The present invention relates to a fluid control valve that is electromagnetically operated and is a three-way control valve capable of disconnecting and disconnecting a working fluid between ports using a pressure-balanced poppet-type valve mechanism.

Prior art, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-10371, 3
The valve body that makes up the side valve is composed of a spherical closing member, and the valve body is used to balance fluid pressure (pressure compensation).
Because of this, it is not possible to operate with high pressure working fluid. On the other hand, in the prior art, for example, JP-A No. 50-1422, the pressure is compensated to solve the above problem, but the passage of the working fluid is changed from open to closed or from closed to open by excitation of a solenoid coil. It is a two-way valve, and does not have a configuration of a so-called three-way valve, which changes from open to closed on one side and simultaneously changes from closed to open on the other.

An object of the present invention is to use a poppet valve mechanism, ie, to allow extremely high switching speeds. To obtain a poppet type fluid control valve which is a three-way switching control valve, has a simple structure, and is inexpensive.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-way switching valve using a poppet valve body mechanism with extremely high precision at a low cost.

Therefore, the present invention provides an electromagnetically operated poppet-type fluid control valve having a bush and a poppet valve body disposed in a housing, wherein the bush is composed of two or more parts divided approximately at the center; Two annular seat edges arranged opposite each other in the axial direction, a central port communicating with the annular groove formed by the two seat edges, and two holes bored on both sides of the central port. The ports are respectively disposed in a central hole provided through the bush in the axial direction, and the poppet valve body is slidably inserted into the central hole with land portions at both ends guided, and the poppet valve body is slidably inserted into the annular groove. The poppet includes a poppet which is inserted movably in the axial direction and has conical surfaces having a larger diameter than the seat edge formed back to back on both sides, and the poppet valve body is located in the central hole and one end surface is biased by a spring. The poppet-type fluid control valve is characterized in that the other end face is able to come into contact with the push rod of the electromagnetic device, and the pressure is substantially compensated so that no differential pressure is created between the two end faces.
With this configuration, the poppet valve body, which is actuated by stroke displacement caused by electromagnetic force, is constructed by configuring the same elements back to back and closing the stroke engagement with the corresponding two seat edges. A three-way switching valve device that is pressure-balanced even at high pressures has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and can be manufactured at low cost. Furthermore, since the poppet valve body is housed so as to be able to move in the axial direction within the annular groove formed between the seat edges in the approximate center, the structure is simple and it is easy to align one end surface of the housing and bush with one end surface of the spool. 3 using a poppet valve body, which is extremely easy to process and has high precision.
It became possible to provide a directional control valve at a low cost.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the bush 7, which is fitted and fixed in a hole 14 formed in the housing 5, is divided into two parts approximately at the center. It consists of pieces 7a and 7b of substantially the same shape, and each piece has an annular sheet edge 1.
0 and 11 are arranged facing each other. Piece 7a,
7b may be divided in another plane, for example a plane perpendicular to the sheet edge 10 or 11. Further, the sheet edges 10 and 11 may be moved to the left and right to some extent. The bush 7 is provided with a central hole 13 that penetrates in the axial direction, and a central port 2 that can communicate with the outside of the housing 5 along the central hole 13, and two ports 1 and 2 are arranged on both sides of the central port 2. 2 communicates with the annular groove 4 formed by the annular sheet edges 10, 11. The central port 2 communicates with a connection port 22 through an oil passage 8, the port 1 communicates with a connection port 21 through an oil passage 20, and the port 2 also communicates with a connection port provided on the outside of another housing 5 through an oil passage (not shown). will be communicated with. The poppet valve body 6 is inserted into the central hole 13, and the land portions 23 and 24 at both ends slide into the central hole 13 and are thereby guided so as to be movable in the axial direction. The poppet valve body 6 has seat edges 10 and 11 in the center.
It has a poppet 15 formed with conical surfaces 17, 18 of larger diameter back to back, which is inserted so as to be axially movable in an annular groove 4 formed by the annular sheet edges 10, 11. The poppet valve body 6 has a spring 16 whose one end surface is provided inside the housing 5.
The other end surface 27 is made to be able to come into contact with the push rod 12 of the electromagnet device 20,
0 is not energized, the spring 16 presses the poppet valve body 6 to the right in the figure towards the surface 21 of the electromagnetic device 20, and the conical surface 17 is in contact with the annular seat edge 11. The central port 2 is closed off from the port 1. In practice, in order to compensate for the wear of the sheet edge 11, the surface 21
A slight gap is provided between the end face 27 of the poppet valve body 6 and the end face 27 of the poppet valve body 6. In the position shown, the housing surface 25, the bushing surface 26 and the end surface 27 of the poppet valve body 6 are coplanar. Moreover, pressure compensation is provided by the through hole 9 of the poppet valve body 6 so that no differential pressure is generated between the two end faces. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the through hole 9 can be provided in the bush 7 instead of in the poppet valve body 6. In the exemplary embodiment, the housing 5 is approximately square in cross-section perpendicular to the axis, and the bush 7 and the poppet valve body 6 are circular, but other shapes are also possible. Leakage of oil between the inner surface of the hole 14 of the housing 5 and the outer circumferential surface of the bush 7 is minimized, and sufficient cylindricity is provided to prevent the bush from being damaged when inserted.

To operate the valve, first, when the electromagnetic device is de-energized, the poppet valve body 6 is pushed to the right in the figure by the spring 16 in the housing 5, and the conical surface 17 comes into contact with the annular seat edge 11 and is closed. Ori,
Further, the push rod 12, which transmits the stroke displacement of the movable core (not shown) of the electromagnet device 20 to the poppet valve body 6, is returned to a non-energized position by the spring 16. In this state, port 1 is in a blocked (closed) state, and central port 2 and port 3 are in an open state. When the electromagnet device 20 is excited, the movable iron core (not shown) undergoes a stroke displacement, and the poppet valve body 6 is moved through the push rod 12.
pushes the spring 16 so that the conical surface 18 of the poppet 15 comes into contact with the opposite seat edge 10 and closes. In this state, port 1 and center port 2 are in communication, and port 3 is in a closed state. For example, if the working fluid is supplied from port 1, the center port 2 is connected to the actuator, and the port 3 is connected to the return line, when the electromagnetic device is de-energized,
The supply working fluid is blocked at port 1, and the return port 3 communicates with the central port 2, which is connected to the actuator, so that no working fluid flows through the central port 2 and the actuator. When the electromagnetic device 20 is energized, the supplied working fluid is communicated from port 1 to the central port 2, and almost simultaneously, the communication from the central port 2 to the port 3 is closed, so that the working fluid is supplied to the central port 2. This will cause the actuator to operate. The annular groove 4 formed by the opposing annular seat edges 10, 11 has a larger diameter than the central hole 13, and allows the conical surfaces 17, 18 of the poppet 15 to come into contact with the seat edges 10, 11. At the same time, a gap is provided that provides almost no resistance to the flow of working fluid from port 1 to central port 2 or from central port 2 to port 3. Further, the axial distance L ₁ between the opposing annular seat edges 10 and 11 is larger by the stroke of the poppet valve body 6 than the axial distance L ₂ between the contact portions of the conical surfaces 17 and 18 of the poppet 15 with the seat edges. has been done. That is, L ₁ = L ₂
It is said to be +S.

When the electromagnet device 2 is energized and the movable iron core (not shown) pushes the poppet valve body 6 via the bushing rod 12 to perform a stroke operation, the end surface 27 of the poppet valve body 6 is pushed by the stroke S from the surface 21 of the electromagnet device. It turns out. At this time,
The stroke Sp of the movable iron core of the electromagnet device is slightly larger than the stroke S of the poppet valve body 6, so that Sp>S, and when the electromagnet device is energized, the movable iron core moves the poppet valve body 6 through the bushing rod 12 to the seat edge 10. It is made to firmly press and close. In this way, by arranging the valve housing 5, bush 7, and poppet valve body 6 so that their end faces on the electromagnet device side are substantially on the same plan view, and installing the electromagnet device based on that surface, for example, the poppet valve can be installed. Since it is possible to produce an extremely high quality and highly accurate valve with a body stroke of 3 mm, it is extremely advantageous in terms of quality stabilization and manufacturing.

The axial distance _L1 between the two opposing seat edges 10, 11 is determined by the conical surface 17 of the poppet 15, as described above.
Although the stroke S is longer than the axial distance L ₂ between the abutting portions of seat edges 18 and 18, the number of bushes is three, and the cylindrical piece forming the two seat edges 17 and 18, and the annular Each end face 25, 26, 27 as shown may also be formed of a cylindrical piece of larger diameter and axial length having the axial distance between the sheet edges forming the groove 4.
It can be arranged so that it is on substantially the same plane as can be brought into contact with the surface 21 of. The operation of the electromagnet device 20 is well known and will therefore be omitted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a cross-sectional structural view taken along the axis of a poppet valve body showing an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 1, 3...Port, 2...Central port, 4...
Annular groove, 5... Housing, 6... Poppet valve body, 7... Bush, 7a, 7b... Part, 1
0,11...Seat edge, 12...Push rod, 13...Central hole, 15...Poppet, 16...
... Spring, 17, 18 ... Conical surface, 20 ...
Electromagnetic device, 23, 24... Land portion, 25, 2
6, 27... end face.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An electromagnetically operated poppet-type fluid control valve having a bush and a poppet valve body disposed in a housing, wherein the bush is composed of two or more parts divided approximately at the center. , two annular seat edges disposed opposite each other in the axial direction thereof, a central port communicating with the annular groove formed by the two seat edges, and a hole bored on both sides of the central port. two ports are each disposed in a central hole extending axially through the bushing;
The poppet valve body is slidably inserted into the center hole with land portions at both ends guided, and has conical surfaces having a larger diameter than the seat edge on both sides of the annular groove, which are movably inserted in the axial direction. It includes poppets formed back to back, the poppet valve body is located in the central hole, one end surface is biased by a spring, the other end surface is able to come into contact with a bushing rod of an electromagnetic device, and a pressure difference is created between the two end surfaces. A poppet-type fluid control valve characterized by almost pressure compensation so that it does not stand up. 2. When the electromagnetic device is not activated, the poppet valve body is pressed by a spring and the conical surface on the side opposite to the spring abuts one of the seat edges;
2. The poppet type fluid control valve according to claim 1, wherein the other end surface of the poppet valve body, the end surfaces of the bush and the housing on the side opposite to the spring are substantially coplanar.