JPH0316170B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a thermal reactor for treating a material to be treated, such as municipal waste, containing incombustible materials by thermal reaction (combustion or thermal decomposition) in a fluidized bed.

For example, when municipal waste is incinerated in a fluidized bed incinerator, a conventional example will be explained with reference to FIG.
A diffuser pipe 2 is provided at a mid-height position inside the incinerator 1 to blow out air for combustion and fluidization upward. Above the diffuser pipe 2 is a fluidized bed forming section 8 that forms a fluidized bed 3, and below is a packed bed forming section 9 that forms a packed bed 4. Fluidized bed forming section 8
The upper part has a free board of 10. A waste supply port 5 is opened in the fluidized bed forming part 8 or one side wall surface 11 of the freeboard 10, and an exhaust gas outlet 7 is provided in the upper part of the freeboard 10. Reference numeral 12 denotes a discharge port provided at the lower part of the packed bed forming section 9 for discharging incombustible materials together with a fluidized medium, to which a discharge machine 6 using a screw feeder or the like is connected. Therefore, in the conventional device, the slope of the side wall surface of the packed bed forming portion (the slope measured from the horizontal plane) is the same whether it is the side wall surface 13 directly below the supply port 5 or the side wall surface 14 on the opposite side. It is made symmetrically, so that the outlet 12 is located in the center of the width of the packed bed 4.

When operating such a conventional incinerator 1, air is blown out from the diffuser pipe 2 to form a fluidized bed 3, and after the combustion temperature is reached by an initial heating device (auxiliary burner, etc., not shown), the air is ejected from the supply port. If municipal waste is input from step 5, it will be burned in the fluidized bed 3. The non-combustibles fall due to their own weight and settle to the bottom of the fluidized bed 3. In order to operate the incinerator 1 continuously, it is necessary to extract noncombustible materials, and for this purpose, the noncombustible materials that have settled to the bottom of the fluidized bed 3 are passed between the air diffuser pipes 2 and dropped into the packed bed 4, and then Outlet 12 at the bottom of layer 4
It is extracted together with the fluid medium.

When incombustibles fall in the fluidized bed 3, they also move horizontally, but since the horizontal movement of the fluidized bed is weaker than that in the vertical direction, they do not disperse much in the horizontal direction, and the air diffuser 2 The non-combustible substances that settle to the vicinity are concentrated in the vicinity directly below the supply port 5, and become less and less as they move away from the supply port 5, resulting in a biased distribution. On the other hand, when the fluid medium in the packed bed 4 is gradually discharged from the discharge port 12 located at the center of the lower part, the fluid medium located directly above the discharge port 12 descends relatively quickly, and the side wall surfaces 13 on both sides,
As it approaches 14, the rate of descent slows down. Therefore, the incombustibles that have entered the packed bed 4 near the diffuser pipe 2 with a biased distribution toward the supply port 5 side are often located outside of the area directly above the discharge port 12, and the rate of descent is slow and they tend to stagnate. In order to accelerate the discharge of incombustibles, it is necessary to extract a large amount of fluidized media, which requires a large discharger in subsequent equipment, as well as separation and transportation equipment, and the heat loss associated with the circulation of fluidized media is large. There was a drawback.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional ones, and provides a fluidized bed heat system that can prevent incombustibles from stagnation in the packed bed, prevent wasteful discharge of the fluidized medium, and reduce the capacity and heat loss of downstream equipment. The purpose is to provide a reactor.

The present invention provides a plurality of resistance members that provide resistance in the vertical direction to the flowing medium descending through the packed bed,
By arranging the resistance member so that the distribution of its resistance value in a certain horizontal plane becomes smaller as it approaches the supply port, the descending speed of the fluid medium directly under the supply port can be made faster than in other parts. , it is possible to avoid the accumulation of incombustibles and keep the amount of fluidized medium discharged to a minimum.

Various structures can be used to select the resistance distribution as described above.

For example, a plurality of resistance members may be arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, and the distance between each resistance member and the distance between the side wall surface and the resistance member may be made wider as the resistor members are closer to the supply port. In this case, the number should be reduced as it goes lower.

The resistance member may have any cross section such as circular, elliptical, or square, but preferably has a rhombic, triangular, or spindle shape with a pointed upper end to ensure smooth flow of the fluid medium.

The present invention includes a fluidized bed forming section and a packed bed forming section, a supply port for the material to be treated is provided in the fluidized bed forming section or one side wall surface above the fluidized bed forming section, and an exhaust system for discharging incombustible materials together with the fluidized medium. In a fluidized bed thermal reactor in which an outlet is provided at a lower part of the packed bed forming section,
A plurality of resistance members are provided inside the packed bed forming part to provide resistance to the fluid medium descending through the packed bed forming part, and the resistance members have a resistance value in the vertical direction such that the supply port is provided with a resistance value in the vertical direction. This fluidized bed thermal reactor is characterized in that the reactor is arranged so that the closer it is to the side wall surface, the smaller the reactor is.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In Figure 2, parts with the same symbols as in Figure 1 are:
It has the same structure and operation as in FIG. 1 except as noted below. 15 is a resistance member, which has a rhombic cross section;
They are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. Therefore, the distances a, b between the side wall surfaces 13 and 14 and the resistance member 15,
c, e and the distance d between the resistance members 15 are as follows: a>b and c>d>e, and the side wall surface 11 where the supply port 5 is provided.
The closer it is to the width, the smaller the resistance value in the vertical direction against the downward movement of the fluid medium.

Therefore, the descending speed of the fluidized medium on the side of the supply port 5, which contains non-combustible materials that are distributed biased toward the supply port 5, is relatively high, the accumulation of non-combustible materials is avoided, and the discharge amount of the fluidized medium is minimized. It can be suppressed by

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fluidized bed thermal reactor that can reduce the capacity of rear equipment and reduce heat loss without preventing the accumulation of incombustibles and wastefully discharging a large amount of fluidized medium. It is possible to achieve extremely great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a conventional example, and FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Incinerator, 2... Diffusion tube, 3... Fluidized bed,
4... Filled bed, 5... Supply port, 6... Discharge machine, 7
...Exhaust gas outlet, 8...Fluidized bed forming section, 9...Filled bed forming section, 10...Free board, 11...Side wall surface, 12...Exhaust port, 13...Side wall surface, 14...
...Side wall surface, 15...Resistance member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fluidized bed forming part and a packed bed forming part are provided, and a supply port for the material to be treated is provided in the fluidized bed forming part or one side wall surface above the fluidized bed forming part, and the incombustible material is supplied together with the fluidized medium. In a fluidized bed thermal reactor in which a discharge outlet is provided at a lower part of the packed bed forming section, a plurality of pipes are provided inside the packed bed forming section to provide resistance to the fluidized medium descending through the packed bed forming section. A resistance member is provided,
A fluidized bed thermal reactor characterized in that the resistance member is arranged such that the resistance value in the vertical direction becomes smaller as the resistance member approaches the side wall surface where the supply port is provided. 2. The plurality of resistance members have substantially the same cross-sectional shape, and the horizontal distance between the resistance member and the side wall surface and the horizontal distance between adjacent resistance members in the same horizontal plane are
The fluidized bed thermal reactor according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed thermal reactor is disposed so that it becomes wider as it approaches the side wall surface where the supply port is provided.