JPH0316749B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0316749B2 JPH0316749B2 JP59260763A JP26076384A JPH0316749B2 JP H0316749 B2 JPH0316749 B2 JP H0316749B2 JP 59260763 A JP59260763 A JP 59260763A JP 26076384 A JP26076384 A JP 26076384A JP H0316749 B2 JPH0316749 B2 JP H0316749B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cooling plate
- fuel cell
- phosphoric acid
- carbon
- cell according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PYVHTIWHNXTVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N F.F.F.F.C=C Chemical compound F.F.F.F.C=C PYVHTIWHNXTVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は燃料電池等に使用するに好適な熱交換
器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger suitable for use in fuel cells and the like.
燃料電池は水素を含む燃料と空気、或いは、他
の酸化剤を供給し、反応物間の電気化学反応によ
り直流電力を取り出すものである。燃料電池は単
電池出力電圧が小さいため多数積層し、必要な出
力を得ている。このような積層電池では電気化学
反応により直流電力を発生し、熱を発生する。こ
の発熱は燃料電池を望ましい動作温度に維持する
ために、制御した形で取り除かなければならな
い。
A fuel cell supplies a fuel containing hydrogen and air or other oxidizing agent, and extracts DC power through an electrochemical reaction between the reactants. Since the output voltage of fuel cells is low, multiple cells are stacked together to obtain the required output. Such a stacked battery generates DC power and heat through electrochemical reactions. This heat generation must be removed in a controlled manner to maintain the fuel cell at the desired operating temperature.
電解質にリン酸を用いるリン酸型燃料電池にお
いて、発熱を取り除く方法として、ガス冷却方式
と液冷却方式が用いられている。ガス冷却方式は
空冷式、液冷却方式では水冷式が良く知られてい
る。空冷式は、積層電池に適宜そう入したカーボ
ン製冷却板に空気を送り、発熱を取り除くもので
あり、水冷式は、絶縁被覆をもつ冷却管をカーボ
ン製冷却板に埋め込み、冷却管に冷却水を流し、
発熱を取り除くものである。これらの冷却方式に
用いるカーボン製冷却板は、黒鉛物とフエノール
樹脂との混合物を加熱成形して製作している。一
方、リン酸型燃料電池では、マトリツクス中のリ
ン酸が反応ガス中と共に飛散し、徐々に消失して
行く。さらに低負荷で、反応ガスを循環使用する
運転方式が考えられている。この場合、運転中カ
ーボン製冷却板は、リン酸を含む反応ガスにさら
されることになる。また、電極にリン酸を貯蔵す
る方式では、貯蔵したリン酸の浸み出しが考えら
れる。このような場合、カーボン製冷却板は、反
応ガス中のリン酸或いは浸み出した貯蔵リン酸に
よりフエノール樹脂が侵されて腐食する欠点があ
つた。（特公昭58−33670、特開昭59−27468、特
開昭58−53163号公報）
〔発明の目的〕
本発明の目的は、カーボン製冷却板部の撥水
性、耐リン酸性を効果的に発揮させることによ
り、リン酸型燃料電池に好適な熱交換器を提供す
ることにある。 In phosphoric acid fuel cells that use phosphoric acid as an electrolyte, gas cooling systems and liquid cooling systems are used to remove heat generation. Air cooling is well known as a gas cooling system, and water cooling is well known as a liquid cooling system. The air-cooled type removes heat by sending air through a carbon cooling plate inserted into the laminated battery, while the water-cooling type removes heat by sending air through a carbon cooling plate that is inserted into the stacked battery.In the water-cooling type, a cooling pipe with an insulating coating is embedded in the carbon cooling plate, and cooling water is inserted into the cooling pipe. flowing,
It removes heat. The carbon cooling plates used in these cooling methods are manufactured by thermoforming a mixture of graphite and phenolic resin. On the other hand, in a phosphoric acid fuel cell, the phosphoric acid in the matrix scatters together with the reaction gas and gradually disappears. Furthermore, an operation method is being considered in which the reactant gas is recycled and used at a lower load. In this case, the carbon cooling plate is exposed to a reaction gas containing phosphoric acid during operation. Furthermore, in the case of a method in which phosphoric acid is stored in the electrode, leaching of the stored phosphoric acid is considered. In such cases, the carbon cooling plate has the drawback that the phenol resin is corroded by the phosphoric acid in the reaction gas or the stored phosphoric acid that has leached out. (Japanese Patent Publications No. 58-33670, 59-27468, 58-53163) [Object of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to effectively improve the water repellency and phosphoric acid resistance of a carbon cooling plate portion. The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger suitable for phosphoric acid fuel cells.
本発明は、カーボン製冷却板の両平面に耐リン
酸性の優れたカーボン板を設置し、かつ、カーボ
ン製冷却板端面には撥水剤を塗布、或いは、融着
することにより耐リン酸性を向上させるようにし
たものである。
The present invention improves phosphoric acid resistance by installing carbon plates with excellent phosphoric acid resistance on both surfaces of a carbon cooling plate, and applying or fusing a water repellent to the end surfaces of the carbon cooling plate. It was designed to improve the performance.
第１図に本発明の一実施例を示す。カーボン製
冷却板１には溝２が設けられ、溝２には冷却管３
が埋め込まれている。冷却管３は、例えば、銅管
を四フツ化エチレン樹脂（PTFE）で被覆したも
のである。さらに、溝２と冷却管３の間の隙間に
は充てん物４を充てんする。充てん物４は、カー
ボン製冷却板１と冷却管３間の熱伝導を良好なら
しめるために充てんするものであり、黒鉛粉と
PTFEの混練物が使用される。また、カーボン製
冷却板１の側面に撥水剤としてフツ素樹脂系撥水
剤を塗布、或いは、融着し、撥水層５を形成す
る。フツ素樹脂系材料は、PTFEの分散液を刷毛
塗りするか、或いは、テトラフルオルエチレン−
パーフルオルアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体
（PFA）を静電塗着するか、PFAフイルムを融着
する。この時、カーボン製冷却板１の側面のみで
なく、上、下面にも、例えば、周縁部50mm程度に
わたり撥水化すると積層部品間の毛管力によるリ
ン酸の吸い込みを防止しうる。このようなカーボ
ン製冷却板１の耐リン酸性の優れたグラツシー形
カーボン製セパレータ６を介して単電池７ａ，７
ｂの間にそう入する。以下、適宜、必要箇所にカ
ーボン製冷却板１を積層電池８に組み込む。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A carbon cooling plate 1 is provided with a groove 2, and a cooling pipe 3 is provided in the groove 2.
is embedded. The cooling pipe 3 is, for example, a copper pipe coated with polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE). Furthermore, the gap between the groove 2 and the cooling pipe 3 is filled with a filler 4. The filling material 4 is filled in order to improve heat conduction between the carbon cooling plate 1 and the cooling pipe 3, and is made of graphite powder and
A kneaded product of PTFE is used. Further, a fluororesin-based water repellent is applied or fused to the side surface of the carbon cooling plate 1 as a water repellent to form a water repellent layer 5. For fluororesin-based materials, apply a PTFE dispersion with a brush or apply tetrafluoroethylene.
Electrostatically apply perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) or fuse PFA film. At this time, if not only the side surfaces but also the upper and lower surfaces of the carbon cooling plate 1 are made water repellent, for example, over about 50 mm of the periphery, suction of phosphoric acid due to capillary force between the laminated parts can be prevented. Cells 7a, 7 are connected to the carbon cooling plate 1 through a grassy type carbon separator 6 having excellent phosphoric acid resistance.
Insert it between b. Thereafter, the carbon cooling plate 1 is incorporated into the stacked battery 8 at necessary locations.
本発明の一実施例によれば、反応ガス中にリン
酸ミストが存在したとしても、撥水層５及び耐リ
ン酸性に優れたカーボン製セパレータ６により保
護され、カーボン製冷却板の耐リン酸性が向上す
る。また、電極基板にリン酸を貯蔵する場合は、
特に、リン酸を貯蔵した電極に対する面に耐リン
酸性の優れたカーボン製セパレータ６を設けてい
るのでカーボン製冷却板の耐リン酸性が向上す
る。従つて、カーボン製冷却板の寿命延長が可能
となる。 According to one embodiment of the present invention, even if phosphoric acid mist exists in the reaction gas, it is protected by the water repellent layer 5 and the carbon separator 6 having excellent phosphoric acid resistance, and the phosphoric acid resistance of the carbon cooling plate is will improve. In addition, when storing phosphoric acid on the electrode substrate,
In particular, since the carbon separator 6 having excellent phosphoric acid resistance is provided on the surface facing the electrode storing phosphoric acid, the phosphoric acid resistance of the carbon cooling plate is improved. Therefore, the life of the carbon cooling plate can be extended.
第３図は、本発明の他の実施例を示す。第１図
と異なるのは冷却方式が空冷式のため冷却管３及
び充てん物４がないことである。従つて、カーボ
ン製冷却板１の溝２も撥水処理が施こされ、撥水
層５を形成している。 FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention. The difference from FIG. 1 is that the cooling system is air-cooled, so there is no cooling pipe 3 or filler 4. Therefore, the grooves 2 of the carbon cooling plate 1 are also subjected to water repellent treatment, forming a water repellent layer 5.
本発明によれば、空冷式でもカーボン製冷却板
の耐リン酸性が向上し、寿命延長が可能となる。
According to the present invention, the phosphoric acid resistance of the carbon cooling plate is improved even in an air-cooled type, and the service life can be extended.
第１図は本発明によるカーボン製冷却板の断面
図、第２図は積層電池の部分断面図、第３図は本
発明による他の実施例のカーボン製冷却板の断面
図である。
１……冷却板、２……溝、３……冷却管、４…
…充てん物、５……撥水層。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a carbon cooling plate according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a laminated battery, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a carbon cooling plate according to the present invention. 1...Cooling plate, 2...Groove, 3...Cooling pipe, 4...
...Filling material, 5...Water repellent layer.
Claims (1)
単電池をセパレータを介して複数個積層し、冷却
板をそう入した燃料電池において、 前記冷却板の側面を撥水化し、かつ前記冷却板
の前記単電池と接する面にセパレータをそう入し
たことを特徴とする燃料電池。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項において、 前記冷却板の側面の撥水化をフツ化カーボンに
より行なうことを特徴とする燃料電池。 ３ 特許請求の範囲第２項において、 前記フツ化カーボンは四フツ化エチレン樹脂で
あることを特徴とする燃料電池。 ４ 特許請求の範囲第２項において、 前記フツ化カーボンはテトラフルオルエチレン
−パーフルオルアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体
であることを特徴とする燃料電池。 ５ 特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項、第３項また
は第４項において、前記冷却板の側面には前記単
電池と接する面を一部含むことを特徴とする燃料
電池。 ６ 特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項、第３項、第
４項または第５項において、 前記冷却板の溝部を撥水化することを特徴とす
る燃料電池。 ７ 特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項、第３項、第
４項、第５項または第６項において、前記電解質
はリン酸であることを特徴とする燃料電池。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a fuel cell in which a plurality of single cells filled with an electrolyte are stacked with separators interposed between a fuel electrode and an oxidizer electrode, and a cooling plate is inserted, the side surface of the cooling plate is repelled. 1. A fuel cell characterized in that the fuel cell is hydrated and a separator is inserted into a surface of the cooling plate in contact with the unit cell. 2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the cooling plate is made water repellent by carbon fluoride. 3. The fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the carbon fluoride is an ethylene tetrafluoride resin. 4. The fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the fluorinated carbon is a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer. 5. The fuel cell according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a side surface of the cooling plate includes a part of a surface that comes into contact with the unit cell. 6. The fuel cell according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the grooves of the cooling plate are made water repellent. 7. A fuel cell according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the electrolyte is phosphoric acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59260763A JPS61140070A (en) | 1984-12-12 | 1984-12-12 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59260763A JPS61140070A (en) | 1984-12-12 | 1984-12-12 | Fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61140070A JPS61140070A (en) | 1986-06-27 |
| JPH0316749B2 true JPH0316749B2 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=17352388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59260763A Granted JPS61140070A (en) | 1984-12-12 | 1984-12-12 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61140070A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7252619B2 (en) | 2004-02-25 | 2007-08-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for vehicular drive system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02207458A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1990-08-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Fuel cell |
| ATE189081T1 (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 2000-02-15 | Int Fuel Cells Corp | COOLING PLATE ASSEMBLY FOR A FUEL CELL STACK |
-
1984
- 1984-12-12 JP JP59260763A patent/JPS61140070A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7252619B2 (en) | 2004-02-25 | 2007-08-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for vehicular drive system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61140070A (en) | 1986-06-27 |
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