JPH0319331B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plow for burying pipes or cables, and more particularly to a plow suitable for underwater use.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Plows previously proposed for burying pipes or cables generally consist of a plow blade, which forces soil upwards and laterally to form a trench, and then displaces the two parallel plows. The surfaces held the soil apart while the cable or pipe was pushed down into the bottom of the trench between them.

Even though the sides of the plowshare define a narrow, steep trench, the soil is disturbed and weakened in the triangular areas extending upwardly on either side of the plowshare. The removed soil does not return to the trench in any way, so that the trench is not completely refilled and the depth of burial of the pipe or cable is less than the depth at which it was cut by the plowshare. . The pipe or cable will therefore be at the bottom of a relatively shallow wide trench filled with loose and shallow soil, providing insufficient protection.

Conventional methods involve significant internal shear because they displace large amounts of soil, and therefore require high forces to index the plow.

It is an object of the present invention to form improved cutting soil wedges so that narrower width spacing wedges can be lifted and cables or pipes can be inserted beneath them, and the wedges minimize ground displacement. The purpose is to provide a plow that can be put back together.

(Means for Solving the Problem) Therefore, according to the present invention, at least two first cutters 5 and second cutters 9 are provided which are spaced apart in the lateral direction, and the two cutters include one second cutter 9.
is inclined at a predetermined small angle with respect to the other first cutter 5 to form a wedge 8 in the ground, and can form two cutting surfaces in the ground, and also allows the wedge 8 to be cut upwardly and sideways. Characteristic in that it comprises an inclined surface 11 and a horizontal surface 13 of the means for lifting and moving it in the direction to form the trench, and a passage 6 of the means for guiding the cable or pipe 7 into the trench below the lifted wedge 8. A plow will be provided.

After installing the cable or pipe and moving the plow, the wedge is moved back into the trench and replaced to bury the cable or pipe.

Preferably, the spade has two sides extending longitudinally and located behind the cutter to guide the cable or pipe into the trench while keeping the trench walls apart.

Preferably, these lateral sides converge in the direction of the tip thereof to form a first cleft.

Preferably, one of the sides is flat and the other is angled or curved to converge.

This arrangement allows the cable or pipe to be passed between the two longitudinally extending sides and moved into the trench beneath the raised wedge.

Preferably, the second cutter is arranged in front of the first cutter, laterally spaced therefrom and inclined at an angle thereto. Preferably, the angle between the first cut surface and the second cut surface is 15 to 45.
degree range, particularly preferably about 30 degrees.

The second cutter can be a fixed blade, a free rotating disc, a power driven disc, a water jet, or other means.

This plow is generally used for cleaning soil, sand, gravel, etc.
Or, the purpose is to operate on relatively soft soil such as clay. In particular, it can be adapted for burying cables or pipes underwater. However, if the second cutter is modified to act as a saw, the plow can also be used on hard ground, such as rock.

Preferably, the first cutter includes a cutting blade projecting from its lower end to engage with the bottom of the wedge cut by the cutter.

Preferably, the means for lifting the wedge comprises an inclined surface rising from the cutting blade.

The wedge should first be raised sufficiently to allow for lateral movement and avoid hitting the trench wall.

A cable or pipe often has sections of large cross-sectional area at regular intervals along its length. These portions may be created, for example, by joints or may incorporate amplifiers. Such parts may cause problems during burial.

To accommodate these enlarged sections, a sloped surface or a continuation thereof (this does not need to be sloped)
The slope can be modified so that the wedge is lifted out of the trench and raised to a height that allows room for the enlarged section.

For example, hinged surfaces or continuous parts,
This can be done by automatically raising the rear part of the joint to the level of the trench when it receives a signal from the detector that the enlarged part is about to pass. After the enlarged part is implanted, its rear part is lowered again to the normal level.

According to another aspect of the invention, two laterally spaced cuts form a wedge which is raised and moved upwardly and laterally to form a trench and to form a cable or pipe. A method for burying a cable or pipe is provided, which comprises guiding the cable or pipe under a rising wedge into a trench and returning the wedge again to cover the cable or pipe.

Preferably, the cable or pipe is guided into the trench while keeping the trench walls apart.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The plow, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, comprises two longitudinally extending sides 2 and 3 (which are the faces of the plow body 4), side 2 being flat and vertical (but not necessarily). ), the side surface 3 is inwardly curved or inclined and converges to contact the side surface 2 and forms a first cutter 5 of the cutting blade. Plow body 4
A passage 6 extends between both sides 2 and 3 of the holder, through which a cable or pipe 7 is passed,
It is lifted and installed in the trench below the wedge body 8.

The plow 1 comprises a second cutter 9 in the form of a free rotating disc, which second cutter 9 is connected to the first cutter 5 of the cutting blade.
to form two spaced cuts in the soil,
Thereby, a wedge body 8 is formed. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the cut made by the first cutter 5 is vertical, while the cut made by the second cutter 9 is inclined with respect to the vertical.

Furthermore, the plow 1 comprises means in the form of a horizontal cutting blade 10 and an inclined surface 11 for lifting the wedge 8 .
The inclined surface 11 is the tip of the wedge-shaped member 12, and
This further includes a horizontal surface portion 13 (which may be slightly sloped if desired).

Furthermore, the plow 1 comprises a beam 14 connecting the plow body 4 to a support structure 15, which supports:
Preferably, it consists of a pair of skids or wheels, one on each side. Support structure 15
is adjustable by means (not shown) for adjusting the depth of the cut. The plow 1 is indexed by means of an indexing cable 16 connected to a joint 17 of a ball-and-socket joint in the form of an eyeball.

When in use, the first cutter 5 and the second cutter 9 are
The side of the soil wedge 8 is cut and the wedge 8 is lifted by the plow 1 as shown in FIG. The cuneiform body 8 is
It has a trapezoidal cross section and is wider at the top than at the bottom,
One side is vertical and the other is relative to vertical
With an angle of 30 degrees.

FIG. 3 shows that the plow body 4 has a protruding wedge-shaped member 12.
The upper surfaces 11 and 13 of the wedge 8 are shown to move the wedge 8 upwardly, while the side surfaces 3 move it laterally, giving room for the plow body 4 to pass through the soil. The specific detailed shape of the curved or inclined side surface 3 and the inclined surface 11 is such that the soil wedge 8 is always sufficiently lifted to be able to move laterally and to avoid colliding with the wall. have
The greater the inclination of the inclined wall portion of the wedge 8, the less elevation is required but the greater the amount of soil to be moved. A 30 degree angle is often preferred, but other angles may be suitable in certain cases.

FIG. 4 shows the wedge body 8 when the plow body 4 moves.
is shown falling onto the top of the pipe or cable 7, completely filling the trench and providing improved protection.

The first cutter 5 and the second cutter 9 should have as narrow a lateral distance as possible and the blades should be sharp so as to cut the wedge 8 with minimal soil movement.

It is not convenient to cut the sides of the trench to a sufficient depth and the lower part of the wall of the wedge 8 can be cracked and left open. Alternatively, the cutting of the wedge 8 can be completed using a water jet projecting forward from the first cutter 5 and the cutting blade 10 of the cutting blade.

Second cutter 9 of the disc for cutting the sloped trench wall
is pivoted about an axis 18 in front of the disk and parallel to the plane of the disk, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, thereby providing a certain degree of freedom of movement when obstacles are encountered. can be given.

An advantage of the plow 1 illustrated above is that the wedge 8 can be handled in such a way as to reduce strain deformations in the wedge 8, ie to reduce the traction forces. The cable or pipe 7 remains under the soil, which is significantly weaker than the plow 1 described above.

When using the plow 1 to bury cables or pipes 7, a pivoting curved plate (not shown, but known to those skilled in the art as a "dipper") attached to the beam 14 of the plow 1 is generally used. Preferably, a cable or pipe 7 is used to insert the cable or pipe 7 into the passageway 6, with the cable or pipe 7 protruding from the bottom of the passageway 6.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the plow of the present invention, the cut soil wedges are formed into wedges with widths as narrow as possible, and the wedges are lifted and a cable or pipe is inserted beneath them. It is possible to provide a plow which can be moved back, the wedge body can be returned with minimal ground movement, and which is suitably adapted for underwater use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a perspective view of a plow according to the invention for burying cables or pipes, and FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show before, during and after passing the plow into the soil; FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the soil after passing through it. 1... Plow, 2, 3... Side, 4... Plow body, 5
...First cut, 6... Passage, 7... Cable or pipe, 8... Wedge body, 9... Second cut, 10
... Horizontal cutting blade, 11 ... Inclined surface, 12 ... Wedge-shaped member, 13 ... Horizontal surface portion, 14 ... Beam, 15 ...
...Support structure, 16... Index cord, 17... Connecting portion, 18... Axis line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plow 1 for burying a cable or pipe 7, which comprises at least two first and second cutters 5 and 9 spaced apart in the lateral direction,
The two cutters are arranged so that one of the second cutters 9 is inclined at a predetermined small angle with respect to the other first cutter 5 to form a wedge 8 in the ground, so that two cutting surfaces are formed in the ground. and the inclined surface 11 and the horizontal surface 13 of the means for forming a trench by lifting and moving the wedge 8 upwardly and laterally, and the cable or pipe 7 into the trench below the lifted wedge 8. A plow characterized in that it comprises a passage 6 of guiding means. 2. The plow 1 has two side surfaces 2 and 3 extending in the longitudinal direction and located behind the first and second cutters 5, 9.
A plow according to claim 1, which guides the cable or pipe 7 into the trench while keeping the trench walls apart. 3. The plow according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the side surfaces 2 and 3 converge toward the tip thereof to form the first cutter 5. 4. A plow according to claim 2 or 3, wherein one longitudinally extending side surface 2 is a vertical flat surface and the other side surface 3 converges to said side surface 2. 5. The means for guiding the cable or pipe 7 into the trench is located between the longitudinally extending sides 2 and 3.
6. A plow according to any one of claims 1 to 4 formed by 6. 6. The second cutter 9 is arranged in front of the first cutter 5, is laterally spaced apart from the first cutter 5, and is inclined at a predetermined small angle with respect to the first cutter 5. The plow according to any one of the above. 7. The plow according to claim 6, wherein the small angle is in the range of 15 to 45 degrees. 8 The second cutter 9 is a fixed blade, a freely rotating disk,
8. A plow according to claim 6 or 7, which is a power driven disc or a water jet. 9. A plow according to claim 8, wherein the second cutter 9 is a power-driven saw adapted to cut rock. 10 The first cutter 5 is provided with a cutting blade 10 horizontally protruding forward in the forward direction from its lower end, and constitutes the converging lower part of the wedge body 8 to be cut by the first and second cutters 5 and 9. A plow according to any one of ranges 3 to 9. 11. A plow according to claim 1 or 10, wherein the means for lifting the wedge 8 comprises an inclined plane 11 rising rearward from the cutting blade 10. 12. The plow according to claim 1 or 11, wherein the means for lifting the wedge body 8 comprises a horizontal continuous portion 13 following the inclined plane 11. 13 At least two first cutters 5 and second cutters 9 are provided which are spaced apart in the lateral direction, and the two cutters include one second cutter 9 and the other first cutter 5.
In contrast, the wedge body 8 is tilted at a predetermined small angle to form two cutting surfaces in the ground, and the wedge body 8 can be lifted and moved upward and laterally. Inclined surfaces 11 and horizontal surfaces 13 of the means forming the trench and passages 6 of the means for guiding the cable or pipe 7 into the trench below the raised wedge 8
The plow is actuated to lift and move the wedge body 8 upward and sideways to form a trench, and guide the cable or pipe 7 at the lower part of the lifted wedge body 8 and into the trench. A method for burying a cable or pipe, characterized in that the wedge body 8 is returned again to cover the cable or pipe 7. 14. The burying method according to claim 13, wherein the cable or pipe 7 is guided into the trench while keeping the trench walls apart.