JPH0319485B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for remotely measuring the condition of a hole for an underground continuous wall, for example, before concrete placement from the ground, and an apparatus used therefor.

Generally, an ultrasonic range finder is used to remotely measure the hole width in a continuous underground hole, that is, the distance between the hole walls on the ground. This ultrasonic range finder measures the propagation time of ultrasonic waves emitted toward the hole wall within the hole to be measured until it is reflected by the hole wall and returns. This is to measure the hole width at the location where the sonic distance meter is installed. However, such ultrasonic distance meters are usually suspended from the ground into the hole to be measured using a wire rope, etc., and it is difficult to suppress the twisting and swinging of the wire rope. Large differences in measured distance tended to occur due to deviations in the orientation and water direction of the rangefinder. Furthermore, the position of the ultrasonic range finder in the water direction is not always constant, and therefore, even if the width of the hole can be measured, it is difficult to accurately determine the inclination of the hole. Furthermore, since ultrasonic waves are used, if there is muddy water or concrete milk in the hole to be measured, depending on their specific gravity, they cannot be distinguished from the hole wall, making measurement impossible. There were also some shortcomings.

On the other hand, as a conventional technique, there is a so-called "hole diameter caliper" in which the arm expands like an umbrella and the hole diameter is measured from the inclination angle of the arm. However, although this hole diameter caliper can measure the diameter of the hole, it cannot measure the slope of the hole, and therefore it cannot be applied as is to measuring the shape of holes for underground walls. do not have.

The present invention has been made in view of the actual state of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is to prevent accurate hole wall measurements using an ultrasonic range finder when there is, for example, some kind of muddy water or concrete milk in the hole to be measured. A method for quickly and accurately remotely measuring the width and inclination of a hole for an underground continuous wall on the ground, without being affected by such substances even if they contain substances that cannot be used. To provide equipment for use.

The present invention, which was devised to achieve the above objects, is based on measuring the hole diameter while contacting the hole wall like a conventional hole diameter caliper, rather than using ultrasonic waves. It has been devised so that it can also be measured. That is, the first aspect of the present invention uses a measuring device in which arms are attached to upper and lower positions of a sonde body, respectively, so as to be rotatable about the center of the arms.
The measuring device is lowered into the underground wall hole with the arm closed, and then the arm is pulled up while being biased to expand, and the inclination of the arm and the inclination of the sonde body are measured at appropriate intervals. The second invention is a hole wall measuring method characterized in that the hole width and the hole inclination are determined by repeating the above steps, thereby making it possible to measure the overall shape of the hole. This device is suitable for

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a hole wall measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. This hole wall measuring device is constructed using a frame-shaped sonde body 1 as a base, and various members are attached to it.A wire 3 is attached to a wire attachment part 2 at the upper end.
The structure is such that it can be mounted and suspended from the ground into the hole to be measured. Side plates 4 located on both sides of the sonde body 1
Upper arms 5a and 5b are provided on the upper parts of a and 4b, respectively.
However, lower arms 6a and 6b are respectively attached to the lower part. These upper arms 5a, 5b and lower arms 6a, 6b are each rotatably attached to the center of the arm as an axis, and tires 7 are rotatably attached to both ends of each arm. Further, a spring 8 is attached between the lever 30 attached to the end of the rotation shaft (arm shaft) of each arm and the sonde body 1, respectively.
These springs 8 cause each corresponding arm to
As shown by the white arrows in FIG. 2, each acts to apply a repulsive force so as to rotate the arm shaft in the direction of expansion. Furthermore, these springs 8
A wire 9 is attached to the end (end of each lever 30), and the other end of the wire 9 is wound around a wire winding shaft 10. A wire take-up pulley 11 is attached to the wire take-up shaft 10, and winding is possible by driving an arm opening/closing motor 12 fixed to the sonde body 1.
A tilt measurement sensor 13 is mounted on one side plate 4a of the sonde body 1, and a lower arm 6a on one side.
A hole width measuring sensor 14 is attached to each of the holes. As the inclination measurement sensor 13 and the hole width measurement sensor 14, conventionally known inclination sensors can be used, for example, a differential transformer type, or any type of sensor such as a pendulum type or rotary potentiometer. However, it is naturally desirable to use one with as good measurement accuracy as possible.

An example of how this measuring device is used is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 4 shows the details of the situation near the measurement point. If it is sufficient to know only the hole width and relative inclination of the hole to be measured, it is sufficient to suspend the measurement station above the ground and install only a hoisting device to lift it.
If it is desired to obtain absolute information regarding the inclination of the hole, it is necessary to install a reference device 20 on the ground as shown in FIG. This reference device 20 has
A frame 21 , a sheave 22 rotatably attached to the upper end of the frame 21 , a winding drum 23 attached below the frame 21 , and a sheave 22 rotatably attached to the upper end of the frame 21 .
drive mechanism, and wheels 24 and turnbuckles 25
A frame tilt fine adjustment mechanism is incorporated. In FIG. 3, the surfaces 21a and 21b on both sides of the frame 21 constitute a reference plate, and based on its inclination angle and the measurement result when the measuring device enters the reference device 20, a reference point (a point near the ground surface) is determined. , the reference point of the measurement series) is corrected. If the reference device 20 is installed perpendicular to the ground surface, there is no need to correct the point at depth 0 (ground surface), so it is recommended to operate the tilt fine adjustment mechanism and install it as vertically as possible. preferable. However, even if it is tilted, it can be corrected by calculation.

Now, based on FIGS. 3 and 4, the hole wall measuring method according to the present invention will be explained as follows. First, on the ground, the arm opening/closing motor 12
rotates the wire winding shaft 10 to wind up the wire 9, thereby resisting the elastic force of the spring 8 and rotating the upper arms 5a, 5b and the lower arm 6.
Close a and 6b. In that state, lower it from the ground into the hole to be measured, and at the bottom of the hole, move the arm opening/closing motor 1.
The winding force caused by 2 is released. Then each upper arm 5
a, 5b and the lower arms 6a, 6b are expanded by the elastic force of the spring 8, and the tires 7 attached to both ends of each arm come into contact with the hole wall. In this state, the inclination of the sonde body 1 and the inclination of the lower arm 6a are measured by the inclination measuring sensor 13 and the hole width measuring sensor 14. Thereafter, the winding drum 23 on the ground is rotated to wind up the wire 3 and the measuring device is raised a predetermined distance. At that position, the inclination of the sonde body 1 is measured by the inclination measuring sensor 13, and the lower arm is detected by the hole width measuring sensor 14. Measure the slope of 6a. These operations are repeated until the measuring device reaches the ground. Note that in this embodiment, the reference device 20
3, the measurement is repeated until the measuring device fits within the reference device 20, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.

By the way, as can be seen from FIG. 4, each arm is attached to the top and bottom of the sonde body 1, and moreover, each arm is attached to the sonde body 1 with the center of the arm as the axis, and the elastic force of the spring 8 allows the tip of the Since the tire 7 is in contact with the hole wall, the arm axis is always located at the center of the hole, regardless of the degree to which the arm is opened or closed. Therefore, the upper and lower arm axes, ie, the center position of the sonde body, are always located at the center of the hole. Upper arms 5a, 5b
Since the distance between the arm axes of the lower arms 6a and 6b is uniquely determined by the measuring device, if the inclination angle of the sonde body 1 is measured by the inclination measurement sensor 13, the upper arm of the hole The position of the arm axis of the lower arm 6a can be determined by the inclination angle of the sonde body 1 with respect to the vertical line passing through the arm axis. In addition, depending on the inclination angle of the lower arm 6a with respect to the vertical line passing through the arm axis of the lower arm 6a, the position of the contact point between the arm and the hole wall relative to the position of the arm axis of the lower arm 6a can be determined by the depth direction component and the hole wall. It can be calculated separately into width direction components.

The above can be summarized and explained using symbols as follows. In FIG. 4, the lower arm 6a
The contact point between the tire 7 and the hole wall 31 is P, respectively.
Q, the inclination angle of the sonde body 1 is α, and the lower arm 6 is
Let the inclination angle of a be β, and the upper arm 5a and the lower arm 6
When the distance between the arm axes and a is L, the distance between the arm axis center and the center of the tire 7 is M, and the radius of the tire 7 is R, the lower arm axis and point P (tire 7 and hole wall 3
The displacement A in the x-axis direction of point P (contact point with 1) is A≒M sinβ+R cosα The displacement B of point P in the y direction with respect to the lower arm axis is B≈M cosα−R sinα Also, the lower arm axis with respect to the upper arm axis The horizontal displacement C of is C=L sinα. In Fig. 4, it appears that an error occurs because the hole is extremely inclined, but the actual measurement is performed on a hole drilled in an almost vertical direction, so there is almost no error introduced. Measure these data at appropriate intervals, plot the reference point at each depth, the contact point P between the sonde tire and the wall determined from the values of A, B, and C above, and the point Q on the opposite side. By connecting the lines, the inclination and width of the hole can be determined. By setting the depth pitch to match the distance between the upper and lower arm axes, or to a length that is an integer fraction of that distance, you can measure multiple different series, and you can also measure continuously. However, the depth pitch may be arbitrary. Furthermore, if a reference device 20 as shown in Fig. 3 is used, the inclination can be accurately measured in advance with another instrument, so if the measurement results are corrected based on that, the accurate inclination of the hole can be determined. You can.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to only such configurations. In carrying out the method of the present invention, it is essential that arms are attached to the upper and lower positions of the sonde body so that they can rotate freely around the center of the arms, but other than that, the mounting positions etc. It can be changed as appropriate, including. In this embodiment, the hole width measurement sensor 14 is attached to the lower arm 6a, but this is because it is desired to obtain a measurement value near the hole bottom, and the sensor 14 for measuring the hole width is attached to the lower arm 6a. In some cases, a hole width measurement sensor may be attached to the upper arm. In addition, as mentioned above, the reference device 2
Although it is not necessary to use 0, if a measurement result in an absolute sense is required, it is necessary to use the reference device 20 as in this embodiment.

Since the present invention is a hole wall measuring method configured as described above and a measuring device used therein, it does not use ultrasonic waves, so there may be muddy water, concrete milk, etc. in the hole to be measured, which has a specific gravity that cannot be measured by the ultrasonic method. The hole width and hole inclination can be accurately measured without being affected by substances with Since it immediately stops at a predetermined position inside the device, quick and accurate measurements can be made, and because the structure is extremely simple, there is almost no need for maintenance, repair, or calibration, and it has extremely excellent effects. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the hole wall measuring device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the hole wall measuring method according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the same. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state near a measurement point. 1...sonde body, 4a, 4b...side plate, 5
a, 5b... Upper arm, 6a, 6b... Lower arm, 7... Tire, 8... Spring, 12...
Arm opening/closing motor, 13...sensor for measuring inclination, 14... sensor for measuring hole width.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Using a measuring device in which arms are attached to the upper and lower positions of the sonde body so as to be rotatable around the center of the measuring device, the measuring device is attached to an underground wall with the arms closed. Lower the arm into the hole, then pull it up with the arm biased to expand, and measure the inclination angle β of the arm and the inclination angle α of the sonde body at appropriate intervals, and A=M sinβ+R COSα. B=M COSα−Rsinα C=L sinα However, A is the displacement in the X-axis direction of the lower arm axis and point P (the contact point between the tire and the hole wall) B is the displacement of point P in the y direction with respect to the lower arm axis C is the horizontal displacement of the lower arm axis with respect to the upper arm axis M is the distance between the center of the arm axis and the center of the tire R is the radius of the tire L is the distance between the arm axes of the upper arm and the lower arm, and then each After plotting the contact point P between the sonde tire and the wall and the point Q on the opposite side, which are determined from the reference point at depth and the values of A, B, and C above, and connecting them with lines, the hole width and hole size can be determined. A hole wall measuring method characterized by determining the inclination and making it possible to measure the entire shape of the hole. 2. A frame-shaped sonde body, four arms rotatably attached to the top and bottom of both sides of the sonde, and a spring that applies elastic force in the direction of expanding each arm. A hole wall measuring device comprising: a tilt measuring sensor attached to the sonde body; and a hole width measuring sensor attached to at least one arm.