JPH032222B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH032222B2 JPH032222B2 JP6582786A JP6582786A JPH032222B2 JP H032222 B2 JPH032222 B2 JP H032222B2 JP 6582786 A JP6582786 A JP 6582786A JP 6582786 A JP6582786 A JP 6582786A JP H032222 B2 JPH032222 B2 JP H032222B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- gas
- temperature
- concentration
- hopper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、合金鉄製錬用竪型炉の炉頂部爆発防
止方法に関するものであり、特に合金鉄製錬に特
有な炉頂反応に伴つて起る爆発の防止の技術につ
いて提案する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for preventing explosions at the top of a vertical furnace for smelting ferroalloys, and in particular, to prevent explosions occurring at the top of a furnace, which is unique to smelting ferroalloys. We propose techniques for preventing explosions.
合金鉄製錬用竪型炉（スメルテイングフアーネ
ス、以下これを単に「SF」という）は、要約し
て述べると、主還元帯における直接還元反応の比
率が60％以上を占めるような竪型炉と言うことが
でき、第３図に高炉（ブラストフアーネス：
「BF」）との比較を示す。 In summary, a vertical furnace for smelting ferroalloys (smelting furnace, hereinafter simply referred to as "SF") is a vertical furnace in which the ratio of direct reduction reaction in the main reduction zone is 60% or more. Figure 3 shows the blast furnace.
Comparison with “BF”) is shown.
かかるSFを用いて“フエロマンガン”やフエ
ロクロム”等の合金鉄を製錬するときの特徴は、
高コークス比…吸熱反応であるＣの直還元が
主体となるから多量の熱源を必要とする。 The characteristics of smelting ferroalloys such as "ferromanganese" and "ferrochrome" using such SF are that it has a high coke ratio...Since direct reduction of C, which is an endothermic reaction, is the main activity, a large amount of heat source is required.
炉頂ガスの高いCO濃度および高い温度…炉
頂部で起る酸化物（MnO2，Mn2O3，CrO3
etc，）の還元反応は、鉄（Fe2O3→F2O）に比
べると大きな発熱反応であり、約400〜600℃
（Feの場合は150℃）と極めて高温になると共
に間接還元に消費されるCOが少いために炉頂
CO濃度が高い。 High CO concentration and high temperature in the furnace top gas... Oxides (MnO 2 , Mn 2 O 3 , CrO 3
etc,) is a large exothermic reaction compared to iron (Fe 2 O 3 → F 2 O), and the reduction reaction is approximately 400 to 600℃.
(150°C in the case of Fe), which is extremely high temperature, and because there is little CO consumed for indirect reduction,
High CO concentration.
高ダクト比…鉱石粉化率が高くガス発生量が
多いことから、ダスト（特に粗粒）発生量が多
い。 High duct ratio: Since the ore pulverization rate is high and the amount of gas generated is large, the amount of dust (especially coarse particles) generated is large.
高熱負荷…フエロマンガンやフエロクロムは
理論燃焼温度が高く、炉内温度（とくにシヤフ
ト部〜ボツシユ上部）も高くなり、れんがや炉
体への負荷が大きい。 High heat load: Ferromanganese and ferrochrome have a high theoretical combustion temperature, and the temperature inside the furnace (especially from the shaft section to the upper part of the pot) is also high, placing a large load on the bricks and furnace body.
というところにあり、
こうした特徴のために、通常の製鉄用高炉
（BF）とは異なる炉頂設備が必要である。Because of these characteristics, furnace top equipment that is different from ordinary blast furnaces (BFs) for steelmaking is required.
（従来の技術）
第２図は、本発明者らが最初に提案したSFの
炉頂設備であり、炉体１上にセンターフイード形
式の次のような装入装置：すなわち下から下部シ
ールバルブ２、装入ホツパー３、上シールバルブ
４、受鉱ホツパー５、装入ベルトコンベヤ６を縦
配列に並べたものであり、爆発防止手段は設けて
いない。(Prior art) Fig. 2 shows the SF furnace top equipment first proposed by the present inventors. A valve 2, a charging hopper 3, an upper seal valve 4, an ore receiving hopper 5, and a charging belt conveyor 6 are arranged in a vertical arrangement, and no explosion prevention means are provided.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
上述したSFの炉頂装入装置の場合、第３図の
比較図に示すように、高炉に比べるとガスの温度
が高くかつCO濃度がCO／CO2比で７〜９倍も高
いことから、原料装入時に発生する火花に誘発さ
れて頻繁に大小の爆発が起こる。また、この爆発
はシールバルブ２，４から高温の高濃度COガス
がリークすることによつても起こり、特に大気に
解放されていて酸素濃度の大きい受鉱ホツパー５
のバルブ直上において激しい。その結果、炉頂設
備の損傷が速くメンテナンスに負担がかかると共
に安全上も好ましくない状態を招く。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the case of the above-mentioned SF furnace top charging device, as shown in the comparison diagram in Figure 3, the gas temperature is higher and the CO concentration is higher than in the blast furnace . As the ratio is 7 to 9 times higher than that of raw materials, small and large explosions frequently occur due to sparks generated when charging raw materials. This explosion also occurs when high-temperature, highly concentrated CO gas leaks from the seal valves 2 and 4, especially in the ore receiving hopper 5, which is exposed to the atmosphere and has a high oxygen concentration.
It is intense just above the valve. As a result, the furnace top equipment is quickly damaged, which increases the burden of maintenance, and also leads to situations that are not favorable from a safety standpoint.
本発明の目的は、炉頂装入装置部での爆発を確
実に防止できる方法を提案することにある。 An object of the present invention is to propose a method that can reliably prevent explosions in the furnace top charging device.
（問題点を解決するたの手段）
そこで、かような要請を充足する手段として本
発明においては、
炉体上に設けた装入ホツパー、受鉱ホツパー内
ガス濃度が爆発限界に近づいたら、上記各ホツパ
ー内に不活性ガスもしくは水蒸気を吹込んで雰囲
気調整を行うこととしたのである。(Means for solving the problem) Therefore, in the present invention, as a means to satisfy such a request, when the gas concentration in the charging hopper and receiving hopper provided on the furnace body approaches the explosion limit, the above-mentioned It was decided to adjust the atmosphere by blowing inert gas or water vapor into each hopper.
（作用）
SF炉頂部に生成するガス組成は、CO2：４〜
６％、H2：２〜５％、N2：約45％、そして残り
がCOガスであつて約47％を占める。もちろん、
この組成の炉頂ガスだけで炉頂ガス温度もそれほ
ど高くないならば、爆発にまで至ることはない
が、上記各ホツパー３，５内のO2が３〜18％も
あると、例えば鉱石と壁面との衝突による火花の
発生でもあると簡単に爆発雰囲気となる。この
点、鉄製錬用高炉々頂ガスの場合、温度は100〜
150℃と低くかつCO濃度も約22％と低いので爆発
雰囲気に至ることは少ない。(Function) The gas composition generated at the top of the SF furnace is CO2 : 4~
6%, H2 : 2-5%, N2 : about 45%, and the rest is CO gas, which accounts for about 47%. of course,
If the temperature of the furnace top gas is not too high with only the furnace top gas having this composition, an explosion will not occur, but if the O 2 in each of the hoppers 3 and 5 is 3 to 18%, for example, ore and If sparks are generated due to collision with a wall, an explosive atmosphere can easily result. In this regard, in the case of blast furnace top gas for iron smelting, the temperature is 100~
Since the temperature is as low as 150℃ and the CO concentration is low at approximately 22%, an explosive atmosphere is unlikely to occur.
本発明において爆発防止用流体として用いるの
は希釈用ガスとして不活性ガス：例えばN2であ
り、その他水蒸気を用いる。これらを用いること
によつて容易に爆発限界外とすることが可能とな
る。 In the present invention, an inert gas such as N 2 is used as a diluting gas, and water vapor is also used as the explosion-preventing fluid. By using these, it becomes possible to easily make it outside the explosive limit.
（実施例）
第１図は本発明方法の好適実施例であり、各ホ
ツパー３，５の両方、少なくとも受鉱ホツパー５
に、ガスの濃度および温度の測定器７を設置し、
各ホツパー３，５の両方に不活性ガス吹込み管
８，９を取付け、該ホツパー３，５内に希釈ガス
の吹込みができるようにする。望ましい実施態様
はホツパーゲートバルブ近くに吹込む。前記測定
器７にはコントローラー１２を接続し、前記測定
器７による測定結果にもとづき各不活性ガス吹込
み管８，９に取付けた制御弁１０，１１を作動さ
せるように構成し、いわゆる前記測定器７による
測定結果にもとづき、炉頂ガス濃度および温度が
爆発限界に近づいたことが判明したら希釈ガス
（水蒸気でも同様の効果が得られた）を必要量だ
け吹込む。このようにして雰囲気調整をした結
果、従来よく発生した爆発が完全に防止できるよ
うになつた。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in which both of the hoppers 3 and 5, at least the receiving hopper 5
A gas concentration and temperature measuring device 7 is installed at
Inert gas blowing pipes 8 and 9 are attached to both of each hopper 3 and 5 so that diluent gas can be blown into the hoppers 3 and 5. The preferred embodiment blows near the hopper gate valve. A controller 12 is connected to the measuring device 7, and is configured to operate control valves 10, 11 attached to each inert gas blowing pipe 8, 9 based on the measurement result by the measuring device 7, so that the so-called measurement When it is determined that the top gas concentration and temperature are close to the explosion limit based on the measurement results by the device 7, the required amount of diluent gas (a similar effect was obtained with steam) is blown in. As a result of adjusting the atmosphere in this way, it became possible to completely prevent explosions that often occurred in the past.
（発明の効果）
以上のべたように本発明方法によれば、SFに
特有な炉頂部における易爆発性が確実に解消で
き、鉱石装入時の危険が全く無くなる上炉頂設備
の寿命を向上させることができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the easily explosive nature of the furnace top, which is characteristic of SF, can be reliably eliminated, and the life of the upper furnace top equipment is improved by completely eliminating the danger during ore charging. can be done.
第１図は、本発明方法の一実施例を示すSF炉
頂設備の略線図、第２図は従来例のSF炉頂設備
略線図、第３図はSFとBFを比較した模止図であ
る。
１……炉体、２……下シールバルブ、３……装
入ホツパー、４……上シールバルブ、５……受鉱
ホツパー、６……装入ベルトコンベアー、７……
濃度・温度測定器、８，９……ガス吹込み管、１
０，１１……制御弁、１２……コントローラ。
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of SF furnace top equipment showing an example of the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of SF furnace top equipment of a conventional example, and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram comparing SF and BF. It is a diagram. 1...Furnace body, 2...Lower seal valve, 3...Charging hopper, 4...Upper seal valve, 5...Ore receiving hopper, 6...Charging belt conveyor, 7...
Concentration/temperature measuring device, 8, 9... Gas blowing pipe, 1
0, 11...control valve, 12...controller.
Claims (1)
内ガス濃度が爆発限界に近づいたら、上記各ホツ
パー内に不活性ガスもしくは水蒸気を吹込んで雰
囲気調整を行うことを特徴とする合金鉄製錬用竪
型炉の炉頂部爆発防止方法。1. For ferroalloy smelting, characterized in that when the gas concentration in the charging hopper and ore receiving hopper provided on the furnace body approaches the explosive limit, inert gas or steam is blown into each of the hoppers to adjust the atmosphere. Method for preventing explosion at the top of a vertical furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582786A JPS62224656A (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1986-03-26 | Method for preventing explosion of furnace top of vertical furnace for ferroalloy smelting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582786A JPS62224656A (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1986-03-26 | Method for preventing explosion of furnace top of vertical furnace for ferroalloy smelting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62224656A JPS62224656A (en) | 1987-10-02 |
| JPH032222B2 true JPH032222B2 (en) | 1991-01-14 |
Family
ID=13298247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582786A Granted JPS62224656A (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1986-03-26 | Method for preventing explosion of furnace top of vertical furnace for ferroalloy smelting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62224656A (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-03-26 JP JP6582786A patent/JPS62224656A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62224656A (en) | 1987-10-02 |
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