JPH0325266B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Taphole device for furnaces or metallurgical vessels, having a case (5) housing two cylinders (1, 2) or refractory material having parallel axes and one common contact line and being rotatable around their axes, at least one of the cylinders having a groove (3, 3', 4, 4') with a varying cross section extending along a part of its circumference, so as to show a varying opening, characterized in that the lateral faces of the two cylinders (1, 2) are partly housed in recesses (14, 15, resp. 16, 17) appearing in two refractory blocks (12, 13) being facingly arranged and that sliding pieces (6), movably mounted in the case (5) and acted upon by forces, push the two cylinders (1, 2) against one of the refractory blocks (12), each of the blocks (12, 13) showing a hole (20, 22) leading to the groove(s) (3, 3', 4, 4') in the cylinders(s) (1, 2) when they are in the tapping position, the refractory blocks (12, 13) and the pushing forces being supported by the case (5).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention Technical Field The present invention relates to a hot water outlet device that is always used for pouring out molten metal, and includes a variable opening for starting, stopping, and adjusting the supply of metal during pouring out. The present invention relates to a hot water outlet device having a hot water outlet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The outlet devices known in the metallurgical industry essentially involve the classic method of closing a stop rod or a slide valve. The principle of these methods consists in enlarging or reducing the orifice cross-section by progressively removing or inserting objects, such as plugs or plates, between the orifice and the casting material. These methods only work well in completely open or closed positions, since the shape of the exit stream is necessarily influenced by the shape change of the orifice caused by this principle. At intermediate openings, the jet is strongly dispersed, which seriously impairs the quality of the tap. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a hot water outlet device with better performance.

Luxembourg Patent No. 83734 (Japanese Patent Application No. 57-193904) discloses a method for starting, accurately adjusting and stopping the pouring of molten non-metallic material, and at the same time constantly at the outlet of the hot water outlet. A hot water outlet device that ensures the shape state has been proposed. This device, which in principle can equally be applied to the tapping of liquid metals, has two cylinders with parallel axes and rotating about each axis, with a common line of contact. At least one of the cylinders has a groove extending around the circumference of the cylinder. This groove is located perpendicular to the axis and the contour, especially the depth, of the groove varies through a maximum value. When stacking two grooved cylinders so that the aperture limited by the groove contour is symmetrical, one of the cylinders is rotated in the opposite direction relative to the other, so that the cross section is similar to the first one. Create a system that changes the opening cross section while maintaining the cross section.

The advantage of the device is primarily that the opening of the spout can be varied continuously, allowing precise regulation of the flow rate of the molten material. Depending on the shape of the groove, openings of any geometrical shape can be obtained. The pseudo-elliptical groove also provides a perfectly circular opening. At the same time, the axis of the orifice does not move.

However, if we are to apply the principle described in Luxembourg patent No. 83734 for tapping molten metal, it is important to note that the material originating from the nature of the melt and the high temperatures (around 1700°C) that the equipment must locally withstand. I run into a problem. First of all, with the current technology it is not possible to realize at low cost a cylindrical body made of refractory material which has the same dimensions and whose surface is completely inscribed in a circle. Metals are suitable for solidification in between, and this is impossible to avoid due to the poor machinability of refractory materials. When abnormal temperature changes occur, expansion of the components cannot be ignored for devices of the size considered here.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which operates according to known principles, in which mechanical parts which come into direct contact with molten metal are optionally coated with a highly wear-resistant refractory layer. Manufactured from refractory materials,
It consists in arranging one with respect to the other in such a way that any irregularities in shape that exist or arise during operation of the device are automatically compensated for in constant close contact.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This object is achieved by a device according to the invention which comprises two cylindrical bodies mounted in a floating manner.

The main advantage of the device of the invention is that it does not require strict and therefore expensive geometrical tolerances for the cylinders, nor does it require the use of cylinders with identical geometrical dimensions. Furthermore, the entire device can be disassembled and assembled quickly. Also, since the entire product is placed in an airtight case, there is no contact between the molten metal and air up to the outlet of the hot water.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are provided with grooves 3, 3' and 4, 4', respectively. The cylinders 1 and 2 are made of refractory material, optionally coated with a thin layer of material for increased wear resistance. As mentioned above, refractory materials are extremely difficult to machine, and therefore there are many problems in producing completely identical cylinders. In the present invention, in order to solve this problem, the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are attached so as to float inside the case 5. This floating attachment is primarily achieved by two types of devices having different functions:

The first device has only a pressurizing effect and has a cylindrical body 1,
The contact surface with 2 is small. These devices are constituted by sliding pieces 6 of refractory material extending to a sufficient height from the surface of each cylinder 1 and 2, and the sliding pieces 6 are installed in recesses 7 of the case 5. The force exerted on the cylinders 1, 2 by the sliding piece 6 can be exerted by the force of a precise spring 8, by tightening or loosening the screws of the sleeve 9, or by any other suitable method (e.g. Belleville). ring).
The surface of the resultant force applied to the cylinder body 1 by the sliding piece 6 is at an angle A with the plane passing through the axes of the cylinder bodies 1 and 2.
to accomplish. This angle A is between 30 and 60 degrees, preferably about 50 degrees.

The second device has the role of guiding and sealing the molten metal in addition to its pressurizing effect. These devices mainly consist of two refractory blocks 12, 13, each block having two cylindrical recesses 1
4, 15 and 16, 17, into which the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are fitted. It is preferable that the entire surface of the recess is in contact with the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2.

If the diameter of the cylinders 1, 2 is smaller than that shown in FIG. 1, the support 6 will tend to displace the cylinders 1, 2 so that they come into contact with the recess near the hole 20. In order to limit the friction between the blocks 12, 13 and the cylindrical bodies 1, 2 and to ensure perfect adhesion, the case 5 is
Before assembly into the cylinders 1, 2, the cylinders 1, 2 are coated with a lubricant, for example based on graphite (grooves 3, 2).
3' and 4,4' are excluded). During assembly, the refractory grout injected into the slits 18 and 19 prevents metal from flowing laterally along the slits during pouring. Due to the difficulty in machining the refractory blocks 12, 13 made of brittle materials, it is almost economically impossible to provide sharp enough edges to completely fill the gap between the two cylinders 1, 2. It's impossible.
The block 13 is moved by the action of the spring 30 to the cylinder 1,
Supported by 2. In particular, the block 13 has the role of guiding the metal and plays only a secondary role in the tightening of the cylinders 1,2. The spring 30 has cylindrical bodies 1 and 2
The force is sufficient to prevent metal penetration along the sides of the The block 12 between the cylinders 1, 2 and the molten metal container (not shown) is provided with holes 20 which terminate in grooves 3, 4 when the cylinders are in the tapping position. Similarly, block 13 near the container
has a hole 22.

In order to insulate the case 5 and the cylinders 1 and 2, a cover 11 preferably made of ceramic fiber is provided on most of the surface of the case 5 facing the cylinders 1 and 2. Since this cover 11 has a slight compressibility, it is suitable for correcting changes in the diameter of the cylinders 1, 2.

FIG. 2, which shows a cross-section through the outlet device, shows a plate 23 made of refractory material attached to the bottom of the case 5. The plate 23 and the bottom of the case 5 are connected to the cylindrical body 1,
It has two holes through which a pair of axes rotate. The tip of the shaft is shaped to fill a recess 21 with a rectangular cross section in the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2. Two gears 24 rotate the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 on opposite sides synchronously.
Secured by. The drive of the gears can be ensured by levers, jacks or servo motors. The lengths of the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are easier to adjust than other dimensions. The cylinders 1, 2 of substantially the same length are thus supported at one end of each cylinder by a plate 23 and at the other end by a second plate 25 of refractory material. Two cam shafts 27 attached to the case 5 are supported by a plate 25 via a metal plate 28 and a spring 26. The supporting force can be easily adjusted by suitably dimensioning the cam and spring. Compression layer 29 compensates for the difference between the thickness of blocks 12, 13 and the height of cylinders 1, 2 and ensures a tight seal of the assembly. The fireproof fiber layer 31 ensures heat insulation between the fireproof plate 23 and the back plate 32 of the case 5. Instead of a threaded sleeve 9 for adjusting the force exerted on the cylinders 1, 2 by the slides 6, a cam operated by a lever can also be used for this purpose. Similarly, instead of the gear wheel 24, a connecting rod operated by a hydraulic or electric jack can also be chosen.

FIG. 3 shows a cylindrical body 1, 2 with a recess 21 of rectangular cross section. There are a pair of grooves 3, 3' and 4, 4' on opposite sides of each cylinder, so that if, for example, molten metal flowing through grooves 3' and 4' were to damage said grooves, they would instead be replaced by grooves 3, 3' and 4, 4'. 4 can be used, so the life of each cylinder can be extended.
The rectangular cross section of the recess 21 eliminates the risk of alignment errors with respect to the drive train. The plates 23 and 25 can be installed in the case 5 in four different ways and can be replaced with each other. Similarly blocks 12 and 13 can be exchanged.
Since they can be replaced, operating costs caused by wear are reduced. Furthermore, since refractory materials, which are subject to significant wear, are used in only three types of parts, overall manufacturing and storage costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a hot water outlet device according to the invention as seen from above, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is an explanatory view showing individual parts. 1, 2... Cylindrical body, 3, 3', 4, 4'... Groove,
5...Case, 6...Sliding piece, 7...Dent, 8...
...Spring, 9...Sleeve, 11...Spring, 12,
13... Fireproof block, 14, 15, 16, 17
...Concave, 18,19...Slit, 20,22
...hole, 21 ... recess, 23, 25 ... plate, 24
... Gear, 26, 30 ... Spring, 27 ... Camshaft, 28 ... Metal plate, 29 ... Compression layer, 31 ...
Fireproof fiber layer, 32... back plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A case 5 housing two cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 made of a fire-resistant material that have parallel axes and one common line of contact and are rotatable about their axes.
a groove 3 with a varying cross section, in which at least one cylinder extends along part of its circumference;
3', 4, 4' and a variable opening for a furnace or metallurgical vessel, in which the sides of two cylindrical bodies 1, 2 are connected to two refractory blocks arranged oppositely. Recesses at 12 and 13 (14 and 1 respectively)
5, 16, 17), a sliding piece 6 movably provided in the case 5 and capable of applying force presses the two cylindrical bodies 1, 2 against one fireproof block 12. , each block 12, 13 has hole 2
0, 22, and the holes communicate with the grooves 3, 3', 4, 4' when the cylindrical bodies 1, 2 are in the tapping position, and the refractory blocks 12, 13 and the pressing force are applied to the case 5. A hot water outlet device characterized in that it is configured to be supported by twisting. 2 The plane of the resultant force applied to the cylinders 1 and 2 by the sliding piece 6 is 30 to
A hot water outlet device according to claim 1, which forms an angle of 60°. 3 The pressing force applied to the sliding piece 6 is
The hot water outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring 8 is supported by a spring 8 supported by a spring 8 . 4. A patent claim characterized in that at least one refractory block 13 is subjected to a pressing force of a spring 30 supported by the case 5, said pressing force pressing the block towards the axis of the cylindrical bodies 1, 2. The hot water outlet device according to item 1. 5 Side surfaces of fireproof blocks 12, 13 and cylindrical body 1,
Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom part of 2 is supported by plates 23, 25 of fireproof material.
The hot water outlet device according to any one of the above items. 6. A hot water outlet device according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one plate (25) is pressed against the refractory block and the cylindrical body by a spring (26) supported by the case (5). 7 Compressed layer 29 is connected to fireproof blocks 12, 13 and plate 2
The hot water outlet device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the hot water outlet device is between 3 and 25. 8 Recesses 14 and 1 in fireproof blocks 12 and 13
2. The hot water outlet device according to claim 1, wherein 5, 16, and 17 are in contact with the cylindrical bodies 1, 2 over the entire surface. 9. The hot water outlet device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are coated with a lubricant except for the grooves 3, 3', 4 and 4'. 10. Claim 1, characterized in that the two cylindrical bodies 1, 2, the two plates 23, 24 of refractory material, and the two refractory blocks 12, 13 have approximately the same size, respectively. The hot water outlet device according to any one of Items 5 to 6.