JPH0327089B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0327089B2 JPH0327089B2 JP22260783A JP22260783A JPH0327089B2 JP H0327089 B2 JPH0327089 B2 JP H0327089B2 JP 22260783 A JP22260783 A JP 22260783A JP 22260783 A JP22260783 A JP 22260783A JP H0327089 B2 JPH0327089 B2 JP H0327089B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- elastic body
- opening
- medium
- elastic
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0825—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a flexible sheet or membrane, e.g. for varying the focus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はカメラ、ビデオ等の光学機器や光通
信、レーザーデイスクをはじめとするエレクトロ
オプデイスク機器に用いられる光学素子に関し、
特に光学表面形状を変化させることにより、焦点
距離を変化させうるような可変焦点光学素子に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to optical elements used in optical equipment such as cameras and videos, optical communications, and electrooptic disc equipment such as laser discs.
In particular, the present invention relates to a variable focus optical element whose focal length can be changed by changing the shape of the optical surface.
従来、可変焦点レンズとしては、特開昭55−
36857に見られる様な弾性体の容器に液体をつめ
その液圧でその形状を変化せしめるものや、特開
昭56−110403、特開昭58−85415のように圧電体
を使用したものが提案されている。 Conventionally, as a variable focus lens, JP-A-55-
36857, in which a liquid is filled in an elastic container and its shape is changed by the pressure of the liquid, and those using piezoelectric materials, as in JP-A No. 56-110403 and JP-A No. 58-85415, have been proposed. has been done.
又、これ等の方法とは別に、本件出願人は、弾
性体自体を部材の開口から凸状に突出又は凹状に
沈降させることによつて、その開口部での弾性体
が形成する光学表面を変形して、所望の光学特
性、例えば焦点距離を得る事が出来る光学素子で
ある弾性体レンズを提案した。この光学素子は、
弾性体に対して外力を印加するだけで、或いは、
弾性体の体積を変化させるだけで光学表面を可逆
的に変化させて所望の光学特性が得られるための
光学素子の構成や制御が極めて容易で、且つ光学
表面の形状変化に基く光学特性の変化のため光学
特性の変化率を極めて大きく設定することができ
る。 In addition, apart from these methods, the applicant has proposed that the optical surface formed by the elastic body at the opening be improved by causing the elastic body itself to protrude convexly or sink concavely from the opening of the member. We have proposed an elastic lens, which is an optical element that can be deformed to obtain desired optical characteristics, such as focal length. This optical element is
Simply applying an external force to the elastic body, or
It is extremely easy to configure and control the optical element because desired optical properties can be obtained by reversibly changing the optical surface simply by changing the volume of the elastic body, and the optical properties change based on changes in the shape of the optical surface. Therefore, the rate of change in optical properties can be set extremely large.
上述した光学素子を反射鏡として利用する場
合、形成された光学表面に蒸着等の手段によりア
ルミニウム、銅等の金属反射面を設ける必要があ
る。しかしながら、液体を入れた弾性体、或いは
開口から突出又は沈降する弾性体の表面に斯様な
蒸着を施こした場合、前記弾性体の表面は形状の
変化により大きく伸縮する為に、従来の金属薄膜
では弾性体との弾性率が合わず、従つて金属薄膜
が剥離したり、弾性体の形状変化を阻害する欠点
があつた。 When the above-mentioned optical element is used as a reflecting mirror, it is necessary to provide a reflective surface of a metal such as aluminum or copper on the formed optical surface by means of vapor deposition or the like. However, when such vapor deposition is performed on the surface of an elastic body filled with liquid, or an elastic body that protrudes or settles from an opening, the surface of the elastic body expands and contracts greatly due to changes in shape, so conventional metal The elastic modulus of the thin film does not match that of the elastic body, resulting in the disadvantage that the metal thin film peels off or inhibits the shape change of the elastic body.
本発明は、上記従来の欠点を解消したもので、
簡易な構成で可変のパワーを有する光学素子を提
供することを目的とする。 The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical element with a simple configuration and variable power.
本発明の光学素子は、開口を有し、かつ実質的
に変形しない材料で作られた容積可変の容器と、
前記容器に保持される光透過性及び弾性を有する
第１の媒体と、前記第１の媒体と前記開口で接す
る光反射性の第２の媒体とを有し、前記開口内の
前記第２媒体の表面を反射面とし、前記容器の容
積を変化させて、前記第１の媒体に体積変化を与
え、前記開口で前記第１の媒体の体積変化を解放
することにより前記第１の媒体を前記開口から突
出又は沈降させる構成にして前記反射面の焦点を
可変としたことを特徴とするものである。 The optical element of the present invention includes a variable volume container having an opening and made of a material that does not substantially deform.
a first medium having light transmittance and elasticity held in the container; and a second light reflective medium in contact with the first medium at the opening, the second medium within the opening. The surface of the container is used as a reflective surface, the volume of the container is changed to give a volume change to the first medium, and the volume change of the first medium is released at the opening. The reflective surface is characterized in that it is configured to protrude or sink from the opening so that the focal point of the reflective surface can be varied.
前記第１の媒体とは、液体或いは気体を内包し
ており、液体或いは気体によりその形状が変化す
る弾性体、或いは、開口から、突出又は沈降され
る弾性体の様なものであり、第２の媒体とは水銀
等の液体の様なものである。 The first medium is an elastic body that contains liquid or gas and whose shape changes depending on the liquid or gas, or an elastic body that protrudes or settles from an opening. The medium is something like a liquid such as mercury.
以下に述べる本発明に係る実施例に於いては、
光透過性の第１の媒体として弾性体レンズを第２
の媒体として水銀を例示して述べるが、本発明
は、これ等の実施例に限定されるものでないこと
は、上述した記載より明白である。 In the embodiments of the present invention described below,
An elastic lens is used as the first optically transparent medium.
Although mercury will be described as an example of the medium, it is clear from the above description that the present invention is not limited to these examples.
第１図〜第３図は、本件特許出願人の既提案の
弾性レンズと呼ばれる光学素子の代表的な基本構
成の断面を示すものである。１は円形開口部２を
有する円筒形の容器、３は透明な弾性体、４は弾
性体を加圧するための可動部で光学的に透明な平
行平板からなる。第１図は、圧力を加えていない
状態である。第２図は可動部４を通じて弾性体３
に圧力を加えた状態であり、この場合加えた圧力
の大きさにしたがつて、弾性体の一部が開口部よ
り凸レンズ状に突出する。第３図は、可動部４を
通じて弾性体に負圧を加えた状態で、この場合弾
性体は開口部において凹レンズ状になる。 1 to 3 show cross sections of typical basic configurations of optical elements called elastic lenses that have been proposed by the applicant of this patent. 1 is a cylindrical container having a circular opening 2, 3 is a transparent elastic body, and 4 is a movable part for pressurizing the elastic body, which is an optically transparent parallel flat plate. FIG. 1 shows a state in which no pressure is applied. Figure 2 shows the elastic body 3 passing through the movable part 4.
In this state, a portion of the elastic body protrudes from the opening in the shape of a convex lens according to the magnitude of the applied pressure. FIG. 3 shows a state in which negative pressure is applied to the elastic body through the movable part 4, and in this case, the elastic body has a concave lens shape at the opening.
このようにして、容器の可動部に印加する外力
の大きさによつて弾性体の１部により開口部に所
望の光学表面形状を実現することができるもので
ある。 In this way, a desired optical surface shape can be realized at the opening by a portion of the elastic body depending on the magnitude of the external force applied to the movable part of the container.
ここで用いる弾性体３としては物体に力を加え
ると変形を起し、加えた力があまり大きくない限
り（弾性限界内で）、力を取り去ると変形も元に
もどる性質（弾性）を有するものを用いることが
できる。 The elastic body 3 used here has the property (elasticity) that it deforms when a force is applied to it, and returns to its original deformation when the force is removed, as long as the applied force is not too large (within the elastic limit). can be used.
通常の固体では、その弾性限界内での最大のひ
ずみ（限界ひずみ）は１％程度である。また、加
硫された弾性ゴムでは、弾性限界が非常に大きく
その限界ひずみは1000％近くになる。 In a normal solid, the maximum strain within its elastic limit (limit strain) is about 1%. In addition, vulcanized elastic rubber has a very large elastic limit, and its limit strain is close to 1000%.
このような弾性体としては一般に“ゴム”と知
られている天然ゴムや、例えばスチレンブタジエ
ンゴム（SBR）、ブタジエンゴム（BR）、イソプ
レゴム（IR）、エチレンプロピレンゴム（EPM，
EPDM）、ブチルゴム（IIR）、クロロプレンゴム
（CR）、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエンゴム
（NBR）、ウレタンゴム（Ｕ）、シリコーンゴム
（Si）、ふつ素ゴム（EPM）、多硫化ゴム（Ｔ）、
ポリエーテルゴム（POR，CHR，CHC）などの
合成ゴムを挙げることができる。これらはいずれ
も室温でゴム状態を示す。しかし、一般に高分子
物質は分子のブラウン運動の程度によつて、ガラ
ス状態、ゴム状態又は熔融状態のいずれかをと
る。従つて、光学素子の使用温度においてゴム状
態を示す高分子物質は広く弾性体として利用でき
る。ゴム状態における弾性率は、主にその弾性体
を構成している高分子鎖の架橋状態によつて決定
され、従つて、例えば、天然ゴムにおける加硫は
弾性率を決める処理に他ならない。 Examples of such elastic materials include natural rubber, commonly known as "rubber", styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), isopre rubber (IR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM,
EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), urethane rubber (U), silicone rubber (Si), fluorine rubber (EPM), polysulfide rubber (T),
Examples include synthetic rubbers such as polyether rubber (POR, CHR, CHC). All of these exhibit a rubbery state at room temperature. However, in general, polymeric substances take either a glass state, a rubber state, or a molten state, depending on the degree of Brownian motion of the molecules. Therefore, polymeric substances that exhibit a rubbery state at the operating temperature of optical elements can be widely used as elastic bodies. The elastic modulus in the rubber state is mainly determined by the crosslinking state of the polymer chains that make up the elastic body, and therefore, for example, vulcanization of natural rubber is nothing but a process that determines the elastic modulus.
ここで用いる弾性体としては、通常の固体での
弾性率1011〜1013dyne／cm2よりも小さく、ゴム弾
性体の108dyne／cm2以下が適当で、好ましくは
106dyne／cm2以下、特に好ましくは５×
105dyne／cm2以下であり、下限は弾性体が光学素
子を構成する場合に、通常の液体とは異なり、こ
ぼれない性状の弾性体であれば小さい程好まし
い。 The elastic body used here has an elastic modulus smaller than that of a normal solid, 10 11 to 10 13 dyne/cm 2 , and preferably 10 8 dyne/cm 2 or less of a rubber elastic body.
10 6 dyne/cm 2 or less, particularly preferably 5×
The lower limit is 10 5 dyne/cm 2 or less, and the smaller the lower limit is, the better, as long as the elastic body does not spill when the elastic body constitutes an optical element, unlike a normal liquid.
弾性体の開口部での光学表面を変形させる方法
は、外力の他、上記材料を用いて熱膨張・収縮や
ゾル−ゲル変化などによる体積変化を利用するこ
ともできる。 As a method for deforming the optical surface at the opening of the elastic body, in addition to external force, it is also possible to use the volume change due to thermal expansion/contraction, sol-gel change, etc. using the above-mentioned materials.
又、矩形のスリツト状に開口を設ける事によ
り、シリンドリカルレンズ及びトーリツクレンズ
を形成することもできる。 Further, by providing an opening in the shape of a rectangular slit, a cylindrical lens and a torrent lens can be formed.
これら開口によつて形成される光学素子はその
弾性体に加える外力又は弾性体の体積変化によつ
て、その形状を任意に変化させる事ができ、その
程度はその効果を検出しながらフイードバツクし
てコントロールする事が可能である。 The optical element formed by these apertures can change its shape arbitrarily by applying an external force to the elastic body or by changing the volume of the elastic body, and the degree of change is determined by feedback while detecting the effect. It is possible to control it.
又、この開口を円筒型ピエゾの様に圧電素子で
設ける事も可能であり、これにより著しく素子の
コンパクト化を実現する事ができる。 Furthermore, it is also possible to provide this opening with a piezoelectric element such as a cylindrical piezo, which allows the element to be made significantly more compact.
弾性体に外力を与える手段は、従来知られてい
る全べての方法で行う事が可能であるが、その弾
性体の変形を、光学効果を検出しながらフイード
バツク機構で行う事が望しく、この為には電磁石
やステツピングモーター、圧電素子等の電気的な
制御が可能な方法が好ましい。また、加熱による
体積変化は、弾性体の外部又は内部に設けられた
ヒーターをもつて行なうことが出来る。 All conventional methods can be used to apply an external force to the elastic body, but it is desirable to deform the elastic body using a feedback mechanism while detecting optical effects. For this purpose, a method that allows electrical control of electromagnets, stepping motors, piezoelectric elements, etc. is preferable. Further, the volume change due to heating can be performed using a heater provided outside or inside the elastic body.
第４図及び第５図は各々、本発明の光学素子の
一実施例を示す図である。 FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are diagrams each showing an embodiment of the optical element of the present invention.
図中、１１は円形開口部１２を有する円筒形の
容器、１３は上述した透明な弾性体、１４は弾性
体１３を加圧するための可動部で光学的に透明な
平行平板、１５は反射媒体である水銀、１６はゴ
ム等の弾性部材、１７は水銀を貯めておく容器で
ある。第４図は平行平板可動部１４を通じて弾性
体１３に圧力を加えた状態で、この場合加えた圧
力の大きさにより弾性体１３の一部１３ａが開口
部１２より凸レンズ状に突出する。この時、凸レ
ンズ状に突出した部分１３ａは水銀１５に接し、
弾性体１３と水銀１５の間で接面１８を形成す
る。この面１８は弾性体１３側より入射する光束
１９に対しては反射面となる。弾性体１３は加圧
されるにつれて、その突出部分１３ａは、接面１
８の形状を変化させながら、水銀１５を押しのけ
てゆく。押しのけられた水銀１５は、容易に変形
する弾性部材１６を変形させて逃げるので、水銀
１５は凸レンズ状に突出する弾性部材１３を阻げ
ない。 In the figure, 11 is a cylindrical container having a circular opening 12, 13 is the above-mentioned transparent elastic body, 14 is a movable part for pressurizing the elastic body 13 and is an optically transparent parallel flat plate, and 15 is a reflective medium. 16 is an elastic member such as rubber, and 17 is a container for storing the mercury. FIG. 4 shows a state in which pressure is applied to the elastic body 13 through the parallel plate movable portion 14, and in this case, a portion 13a of the elastic body 13 protrudes from the opening 12 in the shape of a convex lens due to the magnitude of the applied pressure. At this time, the convex lens-shaped protruding portion 13a comes into contact with the mercury 15,
A contact surface 18 is formed between the elastic body 13 and the mercury 15. This surface 18 serves as a reflective surface for the light beam 19 entering from the elastic body 13 side. As the elastic body 13 is pressurized, its protruding portion 13a moves toward the contact surface 1.
While changing the shape of 8, the mercury 15 is pushed away. The displaced mercury 15 deforms the easily deformable elastic member 16 and escapes, so the mercury 15 cannot block the elastic member 13 that protrudes like a convex lens.
この反射面１８は凹面鏡として利用出来、平行
平板１４を加圧する大きさを変化すれば、凸レン
ズ状に突出する量が変化して反射面１８の曲率が
変化するので、可変焦点の凹面鏡となる。 This reflective surface 18 can be used as a concave mirror, and if the amount of pressure applied to the parallel plate 14 is changed, the amount of protrusion like a convex lens changes and the curvature of the reflective surface 18 changes, so it becomes a concave mirror with a variable focus.
第５図は、平行平板１４による弾性体１３に負
圧、即ち弾性体１３を平行平板１４により引つ張
つた場合で、弾性体１３は開口部１２において凹
レンズ状になる。この時も、水銀１５は、変形し
た弾性体１３と接する面１８を形成しており、該
面１８は凸面鏡となつている。平行平板１４にか
える負圧の大きさを変化させることにより、凸面
鏡１８の曲率を連続的に変化させることが可能で
ある。 FIG. 5 shows a case where a negative pressure is applied to the elastic body 13 by the parallel plate 14, that is, the elastic body 13 is pulled by the parallel plate 14, and the elastic body 13 becomes a concave lens shape at the opening 12. Also at this time, the mercury 15 forms a surface 18 in contact with the deformed elastic body 13, and this surface 18 forms a convex mirror. By changing the magnitude of the negative pressure applied to the parallel plate 14, it is possible to continuously change the curvature of the convex mirror 18.
上述した反射面を形成する水銀の代りに、反射
面を形成可能な他の液状物質、例えばキシロール
等の溶媒にアルミニウム微粉末を懸濁した液体を
利用しても良い。更に水銀の代りに、反射面を形
成することが出来、容易に変形可能な弾性体、例
えばアルミ微粉末を混入したシリコーンゴムを配
しても良い。 Instead of the mercury used to form the reflective surface described above, other liquid substances capable of forming the reflective surface may be used, such as a liquid in which fine aluminum powder is suspended in a solvent such as xylene. Furthermore, instead of mercury, an easily deformable elastic material that can form a reflective surface, such as silicone rubber mixed with fine aluminum powder, may be used.
以上、本発明に係る反射型可変焦点の光学素子
に於いては、透明な媒体と反射媒体とを接した面
で反射面を形成し、透明媒体に物理的な作用を加
えることにより、反射面の形状を変化させその焦
点距離を変化させることを可能とするもので、簡
易な構成で、可変のパワーを有する反射面が得ら
れたものである。 As described above, in the reflective variable focus optical element according to the present invention, the reflective surface is formed by the surface where the transparent medium and the reflective medium are in contact, and the reflective surface is formed by applying a physical action to the transparent medium. It is possible to change the shape of the reflector to change its focal length, and a reflecting surface with variable power can be obtained with a simple configuration.
第１図、第２図及び第３図は、本発明に係る光
学素子に適用する弾性体レンズを示す図、第４図
及び第５図は各々、本発明に係る光学素子の一実
施例を示す図。
１１……容器、１２……円形開口部、１３……
弾性体、１４……平行平板、１５……水銀、１６
……弾性部材、１７……容器、１８……反射面、
１９……光束。
1, 2 and 3 are views showing an elastic lens applied to the optical element according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 each show an embodiment of the optical element according to the present invention. Figure shown. 11... Container, 12... Circular opening, 13...
Elastic body, 14...Parallel plate, 15...Mercury, 16
...Elastic member, 17... Container, 18... Reflective surface,
19... Luminous flux.
Claims (1)
作られた容積可変の容器と、前記容器に保持され
る光透過性及び弾性を有する第１の媒体と、前記
第１の媒体と前記開口で接する光反射性の第２の
媒体とを有し、前記開口内の前記第２媒体の表面
を反射面とし、前記容器の容積を変化させて、前
記第１の媒体に体積変化を与え、前記開口で前記
第１の媒体の体積変化を解放することにより前記
第１の媒体を前記開口から突出又は沈降させる構
成にして前記反射面の焦点を可変としたことを特
徴とする光学素子。1. A variable volume container having an opening and made of a material that does not substantially deform; a first medium having optical transparency and elasticity held in the container; the first medium and the opening; a light-reflective second medium in contact with the container, the surface of the second medium in the opening is a reflective surface, and the volume of the container is changed to give a volume change to the first medium; An optical element characterized in that the focal point of the reflecting surface is made variable by having a configuration in which the first medium protrudes or sinks from the opening by releasing a volume change of the first medium at the opening.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22260783A JPS60114803A (en) | 1983-11-25 | 1983-11-25 | Optical element |
| US06/606,538 US4783155A (en) | 1983-10-17 | 1984-05-03 | Optical device with variably shaped optical surface and a method for varying the focal length |
| DE19843424068 DE3424068A1 (en) | 1983-10-17 | 1984-06-29 | OPTICAL COMPONENT |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22260783A JPS60114803A (en) | 1983-11-25 | 1983-11-25 | Optical element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60114803A JPS60114803A (en) | 1985-06-21 |
| JPH0327089B2 true JPH0327089B2 (en) | 1991-04-12 |
Family
ID=16785105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22260783A Granted JPS60114803A (en) | 1983-10-17 | 1983-11-25 | Optical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60114803A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5210654A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-11 | Lajet, S.A. | Rapid defocusing system for electromagnetic radiation reflective concentrator |
| JPH06258502A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-09-16 | Nakamura Yoshihiko | Lens and reflection mirror with variable radius of curvature |
-
1983
- 1983-11-25 JP JP22260783A patent/JPS60114803A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60114803A (en) | 1985-06-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4783155A (en) | Optical device with variably shaped optical surface and a method for varying the focal length | |
| US4781445A (en) | Optical device having positionally changeable optical surfaces and a method of varying an image forming position | |
| US4783141A (en) | Array lens | |
| CN106062586B (en) | Optical device with focal length variations | |
| US20060164731A1 (en) | Variable focus liquid lens | |
| CN104541186A (en) | Method and apparatus for modulating curvature changes of prisms and refractive interfaces | |
| JPS60185918A (en) | Optical modulating method | |
| US8503875B2 (en) | Fluidic viewfinder device | |
| CN100476497C (en) | Adjustable reflector, optical equipment and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP2002131513A (en) | Variable focal distance lens | |
| JPH0327089B2 (en) | ||
| CN102597816B (en) | Optical power switch (OPS) | |
| US4840473A (en) | Optical device | |
| JPH01166004A (en) | Optical element | |
| JPH0327081B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0327090B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0327087B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6084502A (en) | optical element | |
| JPH0327086B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0327082B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0327083B2 (en) | ||
| JPS60114818A (en) | Optical modulation method | |
| JPS60208728A (en) | optical element | |
| US7561341B2 (en) | Lens, method of manufacturing the lens, and camera having the lens | |
| KR20010007834A (en) | Convex lens and concave lense convertable lens unit |