JPH0327689B2

JPH0327689B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0327689B2
Application number: JP61152004A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Shigeaki Sugyama
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-06-28
Filing date: 1986-06-28
Publication date: 1991-04-16
Also published as: JPS6311731A

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention]

［産業上の利用分野］この発明は、暗渠・側溝に関する。［従来の技術］従来、排水溝や管路に関しては、次の技術が開
示されている。特開昭61− 76011号実開昭57−184192号（本件出願人と同じ）実開昭57−156584号［解決しようとする問題点］しかしながら、前記従来の暗渠等の延設技術に
は、次のような問題点があつた。雨水と汚水の流れる方向が同じという前提であ
るために、雨水と汚水を反対方向に流すという着
想はなかつた。そして流路（溝または孔部）の傾斜は、すべて
掘削形成した床盤に施工した勾配で決定される。つまりブロツクの流路自体には、勾配はなかつ
た。そのため勾配をもつて掘削形成する床盤は、下
に向かうにつれ深度が増大し障害物の撒去などの
問題も生じていた。また雨水と汚水を流す方向が異なる場合は、そ
れぞれに適宜の勾配を形成した２本の掘削床盤が
必要であつた。［具体的目的］本発明は、雨水と汚水を流す方向が異なる場合
に、１本の平坦な床盤に敷設するだけで反対方向
に傾斜した二本の流路を形成することを目的とす
る。 [Industrial Field of Application] This invention relates to culverts and gutters. [Prior Art] Conventionally, the following technologies have been disclosed regarding drains and pipes. JP-A-61-76011, JP-A-57-184192 (same as the applicant), JP-A-57-156584 [Problems to be solved] However, the above-mentioned conventional techniques for extending culverts, etc. The following problems arose. Since the assumption was that rainwater and sewage flow in the same direction, there was no idea to make rainwater and sewage flow in opposite directions. The slope of the channel (groove or hole) is determined by the slope constructed on the excavated floor. In other words, there was no gradient in the flow path of the block itself. For this reason, the depth of the bed, which is excavated at a slope, increases as it goes downwards, causing problems such as the removal of obstacles. Furthermore, if rainwater and wastewater flow in different directions, two excavated bed slabs, each with an appropriate slope, are required. [Specific Purpose] The purpose of the present invention is to form two flow channels slanted in opposite directions by simply laying on one flat floor plate when rainwater and sewage flow in different directions. .

[Structure of the invention]

［問題点を解決するための手段］本発明は、１本の平坦な床盤を掘削して二段流
路構造物を連設するだけで、反対方向に流れる雨
水専用流路と汚水専用流路を延設できる特徴があ
る。本発明では、例えば25ｍの長さにわたつて、上
下反対方向の一連の勾配を形成した孔部を有する
二段流路構造物（例えばブロツク単体50個）を水
平床盤上に連設するものであり、勾配を形成した
孔部がつらなるように各二段流路構造物はそれぞ
れ厳密に設計されて接続順位も定まつているもの
である。つまり従来のように水平な流路底面を有するほ
ぼ同じ構造の暗渠やＵ字溝を傾斜した床盤に付設
接続するのとは根本的に異なる。工場生産時において、現場ごとに個別に勾配等
を計算しつくして製造し、現場では順番にただ水
平に並べるだけという作業であり、工法的にも画
期的特徴がある。第１図は２個の二段流路構造物を連設した原理
図であるが、水平線Ｏ−Ｏ，Ｐ−Ｐを基準にした
とき、底面の位置は図中ａ＞ｂ＞ｃ・ｄ＞ｅ＞ｆのように設計され、（図面では傾斜を誇張してい
るが）微妙な傾斜を形成している。孔部の径は、同じ口径でもよいが、図中Ｑ＞Ｒ≧Q₁＞R₁ Y₁＞X₁≧Ｙ＞Ｘが好ましい。このように、二段流路が、逆方向に傾斜してい
るのが特徴である。ここに本発明は、孔部を有する略直方体状ブロ
ツクを二段重ねに組合わせ或は略Ｕ字状の一体成
型ブロツクの中段に中蓋をおいて孔部を上下二段
に形成して、長手方向に貫通して雨水専用流路と
なる上部孔部と長手方向に貫通して汚水専用流路
となる下部孔部とを設けた二段流路を有する渠に
おいて、上部孔部と下部孔部とをそれぞれ反対方向に傾
斜した勾配をもつて形成し、平坦に形成した床盤に前記ブロツクを他数個連
結延設して雨水と汚水とを上下二段の流路で逆方
向に分流することを特徴とする多変組み立て渠で
ある。略直方体状ブロツクを二段重ねに組合わせた渠
において、前記上部孔部の勾配はその底面自体に
傾斜を設けるかまたは下部ブロツクと重なり合う
面に傾斜を設けることにより勾配を形成し、一方
下部孔部の勾配はその底面自体に傾斜を設けてい
る。また略Ｕ字状の一体成型ブロツクの中段に中蓋
をおいた渠において、前記上部孔部の勾配はその
中蓋の係止部分に傾斜を設けることにより勾配を
形成し、一方下部孔部の勾配はその底面自体に傾
斜を設けている。［実施例］ここで本発明に係る多変組み立て渠の一実施例
を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。〓構成〓多変組み立て渠は、孔部を備えた略直方体状の
ブロツクの二段重ねタイプ、または断面略Ｕ字状
の溝を有する一体成型ブロツクの内部に中蓋を設
けたタイプを提案する。二段重ねのタイプの構成（第１図〜第８図）
は、長手方向に貫通して雨水専用流路となる溝ま
たは孔部１を有する上段ブロツク２と、長手方向
に貫通して汚水専用流路となる孔部３を有する下
段ブロツク４とからなる。上段ブロツク２と下段ブロツク４とは、第２
図、第３図のように上下別部品として成型し重ね
合わせてもよいし、上下一体成型でつくることも
できる。上段ブロツク２と下段ブロツク４は、コンクリ
ート製や合成樹脂製等の直方体状ブロツクであ
る。隣接する下段ブロツク４の端部には相互に連結
するための適宜の接続手段を形成すると良い。前記上段ブロツク２の孔部１と下段ブロツク４
の孔部３とは、それぞれ反対方向に傾斜した勾配
をもつて形成される。第１図では上段ブロツク２の溝または孔部１の
勾配は、その底面自体に傾斜を設けている。なお下段ブロツク４と重なり合う面（第１図中
Ｐ−Ｐ面）に傾斜を設けることにより勾配を形成
することもできる。例えば下段ブロツク４の上面に傾斜を設け、そ
こに上段ブロツク２を載せることで、上段ブロツ
ク２の本来水平に設計された孔部１に傾斜を付与
するのである。この具体例としては、下部ブロツク４の上面に
凸部５、段部６等を設けてこれに傾斜を形成する
構成を提案する。もとより、この逆に下段ブロツク４の上面を水
平にし、一方上段ブロツク２の底面に傾斜を形成
することもできるし、相対的に両面に傾斜を形成
することもできる。上段ブロツク２の孔部１の底面自体に傾斜を形
成するには、当初水平に形成してある孔部１の底
面に緩やかに傾斜するコンクリート層を流し込ん
で形成してもよい。所望の傾斜（例えば長さ25ｍで高さ１mmの傾
斜）を作成するときは、工場でその状態に傾斜し
た台を作成し、この上にブロツクを並べて、孔部
にコンクリートを水平に打つて乾燥後切断すれ
ば、水平な場所に敷設したときは、所定の傾斜を
得ることが出来る。下段ブロツク４の孔部３の勾配はその孔底自体
に傾斜を設けてなるものであり、の孔部１の勾配
と反対傾斜で、前述の方法等で工場で所定の傾斜
をコンクリート形成するなど、予め施工場所に応
じた設計で作成しておく。これにより、上段ブロ
ツク２と下段ブロツク４の孔部１，３は相互に反
対方向の勾配をもつて配設されることになる。上段ブロツク２の上面は、普通水平に閉塞され
ているが、上面を断面Ｌ字型（第７図）にした
り、上面を開口部８と（第８図）することもでき
る。このような構成の溝または孔部１を有する略直
方体状ブロツクを二段重ねに組み合わせ順次勾配
が連なるように多数個連結して平坦に掘削形成し
た床盤に延設するのである。そして雨水を上部孔部１に導入し、汚水を下部
孔部３に導入し、上下二段の流路で逆方向に分流
するのである。次に深い略Ｕ字状の一体成型ブロツク１０とし
て構成した第９図の実施例では、内部に傾斜を作
成した段差アゴ部１１を設け、そこに上面を湾曲
した中蓋１２を載せて、上下流路を形成し、順次
勾配が連なるように多数個連結かつ並設したもの
を示している。中蓋１２は、前記一体成型ブロツク１０の中段
に設けた段差アゴ部１１におかれ、前記上部孔部
１の勾配はその段差アゴ部１１に傾斜を設けるこ
とにより勾配を形成しており、一方下部孔部３の
勾配はその底面自体に段差アゴ部１１と反対の傾
斜を設けている。平坦に掘削形成した床盤にこれ
らを延設し、雨水を上部孔部１に導入し、汚水を
下部孔部３に導入し、上下二段の流路で逆方向に
分流するのである。なお、これらの実施例はあくまで一例であつ
て、本発明の思想はこれに限定されるものではな
い。孔部１，３の断面形状、上下ブロツク２，４の
接合面の形状などは、公知の技術水準に基づく設
計の変更やデザイン変更ができる。また下部孔部３は汚水の専用流路であるので、
漏水などのないように作成される。素材の選定や細部について変更が可能であり、
他の分野での応用や他の技術の附加も本発明に含
まれる。 [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention enables a rainwater-only channel and a sewage-only channel to flow in opposite directions by simply excavating one flat bed and installing a two-stage channel structure in series. It has the feature that the road can be extended. In the present invention, a two-stage flow path structure (for example, 50 individual blocks) having a series of holes with slopes in opposite directions over a length of, for example, 25 m is installed on a horizontal floor plate. Each of the two-stage channel structures is designed strictly so that the sloped holes are connected, and the order of connection is determined. In other words, this is fundamentally different from the conventional method, in which an underdrain or a U-shaped groove of almost the same structure with a horizontal flow path bottom is attached and connected to an inclined floor plate. During factory production, the slope and other factors are calculated individually for each site, and at the site the items are simply lined up horizontally, which is a groundbreaking feature of the construction method. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of two two-stage flow path structures arranged in series, and when the horizontal lines O-O and P-P are used as reference, the position of the bottom surface is a>b>c/d in the figure. >e>f, and forms a subtle slope (although the slope is exaggerated in the drawing). The diameters of the holes may be the same diameter, but preferably Q>R≧Q ₁ >R ₁ Y ₁ >X ₁ ≧Y>X in the figure. Thus, the two-stage flow path is characterized by being inclined in opposite directions. Here, the present invention combines substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped blocks having holes in two stages, or places an inner lid in the middle stage of a substantially U-shaped integrally molded block to form holes in two stages, upper and lower. In a culvert that has a two-stage flow path with an upper hole that penetrates in the longitudinal direction and serves as a flow path exclusively for rainwater, and a lower hole that penetrates in the longitudinal direction and serves as a flow channel exclusively for sewage, the upper hole and the lower hole are provided. The blocks are formed with slopes sloping in opposite directions, and several other blocks are connected and extended on a flat floor plate to separate rainwater and sewage in opposite directions through two upper and lower channels. It is a multi-variable assembly drain characterized by the following. In a drain constructed by combining two approximately rectangular parallelepiped-shaped blocks, the slope of the upper hole is formed by providing a slope on the bottom surface itself or by providing a slope on the surface that overlaps with the lower block, while the slope of the lower hole The slope of the section is created by providing a slope on the bottom surface itself. In addition, in a drain in which an inner lid is placed in the middle of a substantially U-shaped integrally molded block, the slope of the upper hole is formed by providing a slope at the locking part of the inner lid, while the slope of the lower hole is The slope has a slope on its bottom surface itself. [Example] Here, an example of the variable assembly culvert according to the present invention will be specifically described based on the drawings. 〓Configuration〓 For the multi-variable assembly drain, we propose a two-tiered type of roughly rectangular parallelepiped blocks with holes, or a type with an inner lid provided inside an integrally molded block with a groove with a roughly U-shaped cross section. . Two-tiered type configuration (Figures 1 to 8)
consists of an upper block 2 having a groove or hole 1 passing through it in the longitudinal direction and serving as a channel exclusively for rainwater, and a lower block 4 having a hole 3 passing through in the longitudinal direction and serving as a channel exclusively for sewage. The upper block 2 and the lower block 4 are
As shown in Figures 3 and 3, the upper and lower parts may be molded as separate parts and overlapped, or the upper and lower parts may be integrally molded. The upper block 2 and the lower block 4 are rectangular parallelepiped blocks made of concrete, synthetic resin, or the like. Appropriate connecting means may be formed at the ends of adjacent lower blocks 4 to connect them to each other. Hole 1 of the upper block 2 and lower block 4
The holes 3 are formed with slopes inclined in opposite directions. In FIG. 1, the groove or hole 1 of the upper block 2 has a slope on its bottom surface itself. Incidentally, a slope can also be formed by providing a slope on the surface overlapping with the lower block 4 (P--P plane in FIG. 1). For example, by providing an inclination on the upper surface of the lower block 4 and placing the upper block 2 thereon, the hole 1 of the upper block 2, which was originally designed to be horizontal, is given an inclination. As a specific example of this, a configuration is proposed in which a convex portion 5, a stepped portion 6, etc. are provided on the upper surface of the lower block 4 to form an inclination. Of course, on the contrary, the top surface of the lower block 4 can be made horizontal, while the bottom surface of the upper block 2 can be sloped, or both sides can be relatively sloped. In order to form a slope in the bottom surface of the hole 1 of the upper block 2, a gently sloped concrete layer may be poured into the bottom surface of the hole 1, which is initially formed horizontally. When creating a desired slope (for example, a slope with a length of 25 m and a height of 1 mm), a sloped platform is created in the factory, the blocks are lined up on top of this, concrete is poured horizontally into the hole, and the concrete is poured horizontally into the hole and allowed to dry. By cutting it later, it is possible to obtain a predetermined slope when laying it on a horizontal place. The slope of the hole 3 of the lower block 4 is formed by providing a slope at the bottom of the hole itself, and is the opposite slope to the slope of the hole 1 of the lower block 4.The slope of the hole 3 of the lower block 4 is the opposite slope to the slope of the hole 1 of the lower block 4. , create a design in advance according to the construction location. As a result, the holes 1 and 3 of the upper block 2 and lower block 4 are arranged with slopes in opposite directions. The upper surface of the upper block 2 is normally closed horizontally, but the upper surface may have an L-shaped cross section (FIG. 7) or may have an opening 8 (FIG. 8). A large number of substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped blocks having grooves or holes 1 having such a configuration are stacked in two stages, connected in sequence so that the slopes are continuous, and extended onto a flat excavated floor. Then, rainwater is introduced into the upper hole 1, wastewater is introduced into the lower hole 3, and the flow is divided in opposite directions through the upper and lower flow channels. Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, which is configured as a deep substantially U-shaped integrally molded block 10, a stepped jaw portion 11 with an inclined surface is provided inside, and an inner lid 12 having a curved upper surface is placed thereon. A large number of them are connected and arranged in parallel to form a downstream path and have successive gradients. The inner lid 12 is placed in a stepped jaw portion 11 provided in the middle of the integrally molded block 10, and the slope of the upper hole portion 1 is formed by providing a slope in the stepped jaw portion 11. The slope of the lower hole portion 3 is such that its bottom surface itself has a slope opposite to that of the stepped jaw portion 11. These are installed on a flat excavated floor, rainwater is introduced into the upper hole 1, wastewater is introduced into the lower hole 3, and the flow is divided in the opposite direction through two upper and lower flow channels. Note that these embodiments are merely examples, and the idea of the present invention is not limited thereto. The cross-sectional shapes of the holes 1 and 3, the shapes of the joint surfaces of the upper and lower blocks 2 and 4, etc. can be modified or designed based on known technical standards. In addition, since the lower hole part 3 is a dedicated flow path for wastewater,
It is designed to prevent water leakage. Material selection and details can be changed.
Applications in other fields and additions of other techniques are also included in the present invention.

【Effect of the invention】

本発明に係る多変組み立て渠は、前記構成およ
び作用であり、次のような特有の技術的効果があ
る。〓第１に、雨水と汚水を反対方向にそれぞれ分
けて流すことができる。狭い土地利用においては、雨水の再利用が要請
される場合も多く、また必ずしも同一方向に雨
水配管と汚水配管ができるとは限らない。このような場合は、極めて有用である。〓従来の渠の施工にあたつては、地面に精密な
傾斜の床盤を作成する作業が必要であつた。が、本発明によれば、予めブロツク内部に傾斜
を作出しておくので、床盤は水平に掘削形成す
ればよいので、施工ミスもなく現場作業が軽減
できる。省力化・効率化に有益である。以上のように、本発明は、多大な有用性のある
価値ある優れた発明というべきである。 The variable assembly drain according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and operation, and has the following unique technical effects. 〓 First, rainwater and wastewater can be separated and flowed in opposite directions. In small land use situations, rainwater reuse is often required, and rainwater piping and wastewater piping cannot always be installed in the same direction. In such cases, it is extremely useful. 〓 When constructing conventional culverts, it was necessary to create a precisely sloped bed plate on the ground. However, according to the present invention, since the slope is created in advance inside the block, the floor plate only needs to be excavated horizontally, so there is no construction error and the on-site work can be reduced. It is useful for saving labor and increasing efficiency. As described above, the present invention can be said to be a valuable and excellent invention with great usefulness.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は、本発明に係る多変組み立て渠の一実施
例を示すものであり、第１図は、多変組み立て渠
の一部断面原理図、第２図は上段ブロツク、第３
図は下段ブロツクの端面図、第４図第５図第
６図は、前記第２図第３図の上段ブロツクと下段
ブロツクを組合わせたもので、第４図は重ねた状
態の端面図、第５図は多数の上下ブロツクを連結
した斜視図、第６図は上下ブロツクを重ねて連結
するそれぞれの端面図を示す説明図である。第７
図、第８図は異なる形状の上段ブロツクを示す端
面図、第９図は、略Ｕ字状の一体成型ブロツクの
中段に中蓋をおいた渠であつて、連結するそれぞ
れの端面図である。符号の簡単な説明、１……上部孔部、２……上
段ブロツク、３……下部孔部、４……下段ブロツ
ク、１０……一体成型ブロツク。 The drawings show an embodiment of the multi-variable assembly culvert according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional principle diagram of the multi-variable assembly culvert, and FIG.
The figure shows an end view of the lower block, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 show a combination of the upper and lower blocks of FIGS. 2, 3, and 3. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a large number of upper and lower blocks connected together, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an end view of each of the upper and lower blocks connected in an overlapping manner. 7th
Fig. 8 is an end view showing an upper block of a different shape, and Fig. 9 is an end view of a conduit in which an inner lid is placed in the middle of a roughly U-shaped integrally molded block, and each connected. . Brief explanation of the symbols: 1... Upper hole, 2... Upper block, 3... Lower hole, 4... Lower block, 10... Integrally molded block.

Claims

[Scope of Claims] 1. A generally rectangular parallelepiped block having holes is stacked in two stages, or an inner cover is placed in the middle of a generally U-shaped integrally molded block, and the holes are formed in two stages, upper and lower. In a culvert that has a two-stage flow path with an upper hole for exclusive use of rainwater and a lower hole for exclusive use of sewage, the upper and lower holes are sloped in opposite directions. A multi-variable assembled culvert characterized in that several of the blocks are connected and extended on a flat floor plate to separate rainwater and sewage in opposite directions through two upper and lower flow channels. 2. In the drain in which the above-mentioned substantially rectangular parallelepiped blocks are combined in two tiers, the slope of the upper hole is formed by providing a slope in the bottom surface itself or by providing a slope in the surface that overlaps with the lower block, The multi-variable assembly drain according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the lower hole portion is formed by providing a slope on the bottom surface itself. 3. In the drain in which the inner lid is placed in the middle of the substantially U-shaped integrally molded block, the inner lid is placed in the stepped jaw part provided in the middle of the integrally molded block, and the slope of the upper hole is equal to the step. 2. The multi-variable assembly drain according to claim 1, wherein the jaw portion is sloped to form a slope, and the bottom hole itself is sloped.