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JPH0329285B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0329285B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0329285B2
JPH0329285B2 JP60236055A JP23605585A JPH0329285B2 JP H0329285 B2 JPH0329285 B2 JP H0329285B2 JP 60236055 A JP60236055 A JP 60236055A JP 23605585 A JP23605585 A JP 23605585A JP H0329285 B2 JPH0329285 B2 JP H0329285B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
capacitor
positive electrode
aluminum
electric double
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60236055A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6294908A (en
Inventor
Ichiro Tanahashi
Atsushi Nishino
Akihiko Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP60236055A priority Critical patent/JPS6294908A/en
Publication of JPS6294908A publication Critical patent/JPS6294908A/en
Publication of JPH0329285B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0329285B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

Landscapes

  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、小型大容量の湿式電気二重層キヤパ
シタに関するものである。 従来の技術 従来湿式の電気二重層キヤパシタの正極ケース
材料には、クロムフエライト系ステンレス鋼が使
用されていた。第3図に従来の電気二重層キヤパ
シタの一構成例を示す。分極性電極1,1′とし
て活性炭繊維布を用い、また集電体2,2′とし
ては、アルミニウム、チタン等の弁作用金属層を
用いていた。分極性電極1,1′をセパレータ3
を介して対向させ、電解液を注入した後、ガスケ
ツト4で両極を絶縁し、扁平型の下ケース5と上
ケース6により密封することにより構成されてい
る。また使用する電解液には、水系電解液と非水
系の有機電解液があり、有機電解液としては、プ
ロピレンカーボネート、γ−ブチロラクトン、ア
セトニトリル等の溶媒に、テトラエチルアルモニ
ウムの過塩素酸塩やホウフツ化塩、あるいは過塩
素酸リチウム等の溶質を溶解させたものを使用し
ている。そして、正極側ケース、例えば下ケース
5には耐食性の良好なJIS規格SUS447J1を、ま
た負極側ケースにはSUS304を用いていた。 発明が解決しようとする問題点 以上のような構成のキヤパシタを2V以下で駆
動するには問題がない。しかしながら、高耐圧の
有機電解質を使用し、使用電圧を2.4V以上にす
ると、正極ケースの陽極酸化による溶解が進行
し、漏れ電流が大きくなり、キヤパシタ特性が著
しく悪くなる。さらに生産ラインにおいて強磁性
を有さないステンレス鋼を正極ケースに使用する
と、キヤパシタの組み立て工程でケースをひとつ
ずつ下ケース上に運びかしめる時電磁石を使用で
きず、ラインの高速化をはかることができない。 本発明は、以上のように非水系電解質を用いる
電気二重層キヤパシタを2.0V以上の高電圧で使
用する時に生ずるケース材料の陽極溶解を防ぎ、
キヤパシタ特性を向上させると共に、生産ライン
工程で正極材料の着磁性を利用し、ラインをスム
ーズに作動させることを目的とする。 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は上記問題点を解決するため、少なくと
も正極ケースとして、内面にアルミニウム層を設
けたオーステナイト・フエライト系ステンレス鋼
を用いる。 作 用 本発明は上記の手段により、2.0V以上の使用
電圧を有し、生産ラインでの組み立てが容易な電
気二重層キヤパシタを得ることができる。 本発明で使用するオーステナイト・フエライト
系ステンレス鋼は、現行のJIS規格品の
SUS329J1であり、一般的な耐食性について優れ
ていると共に強磁性を示す。 しかしながら、加工性は、SUS304等に代表さ
れるオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼に比べ少し劣
る。正極材料に耐腐食性に優れた高クロムフエラ
イト系ステンレス鋼、たとえばJIS規格品の
SUS447J1を使用すると2.0V程度の使用電圧では
非常に安定であるが、2.0V以上特に2.4Vになる
と陽極溶解反応が進行しはじめ漏れ電流が大きく
なり、キヤパシタ特性が著しく悪くなる。 実施例 まず、種々のステンレス鋼ならびにアルミニウ
ムについて、テトラエチルアンモニウムのホウフ
ツ化塩をプロピレンカーボネートに溶解した電解
液中で、Ag/AgCl2参照電極に対し電圧・電流
特性を調べ第2図に示した。第2図に示したもの
は、0.1mV/秒程度と比較的遅い速度で電圧をス
イープさせた。第2図中aが本発明に用いる
SUS329J1であり、bがSUS304、cがアルミニ
ウムのそれぞれ特性である。cのアルミニウム
は、電圧をスイープさせると、金属表面に酸化ア
ルミニウムの被覆を形成し、溶解反応が抑制され
る。aは、bとほぼ同等な特性を有することがわ
かる。 実施例 1 オーステナイト・フエライト系ステンレス鋼の
SUS329J1とアルミニウムとを加熱圧延して接合
したクラツド板を成形して第1図のような上ケー
ス7を構成した。8はSUS329J1の層で厚さは約
250μm、9はアルミニウムの層で厚さは約100μm
である。 上記の上ケースを正極側に用いて、第3図と同
様の電気二重層キヤパシタを構成した。これをA
とし、比較例として上ケースとしてSUS304を用
いたものをB,SUS447J1を用いたものをCとす
る。 なお、分極性電極には、比表面積が2500m2/g
の活性炭繊維布を用い、その片面にプラズマ溶射
法により厚さ100μmのアルミニウム集電体層を形
成した。また、電解液には、プロピレンカーボネ
ートに(C2H54NBF4を1モル/l溶解させたも
のを用い、セパレータにはポリプロピレン多孔
膜、ガスケツトにはポリプロピレンを用いた。下
ケースにはSUS304を用いた。 上記のキヤパシタについて70℃の雰囲気で
2.8Vを印加し1000時間後の容量変化率及び1KHz
で測定したインピーダンスの変化率を次表に示
す。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a small-sized, large-capacity wet type electric double layer capacitor. Prior Art Conventionally, chromium ferrite stainless steel has been used as the positive electrode case material of wet-type electric double layer capacitors. FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional electric double layer capacitor. Activated carbon fiber cloth was used as the polarizable electrodes 1, 1', and a valve metal layer made of aluminum, titanium, etc. was used as the current collectors 2, 2'. Polarizable electrodes 1 and 1' are connected to separator 3
After the electrolyte is injected, the two electrodes are insulated with a gasket 4, and sealed with a flat lower case 5 and an upper case 6. The electrolytes used include aqueous electrolytes and non-aqueous organic electrolytes. Organic electrolytes include solvents such as propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, and acetonitrile, as well as tetraethylalmonium perchlorate and hofus. A solution containing a solute such as salt or lithium perchlorate is used. The positive electrode side case, for example, the lower case 5, was made of JIS standard SUS447J1, which has good corrosion resistance, and the negative electrode side case was made of SUS304. Problems to be Solved by the Invention There is no problem in driving a capacitor with the above configuration at 2V or less. However, when a high-voltage organic electrolyte is used and the operating voltage is 2.4 V or higher, dissolution due to anodic oxidation of the positive electrode case progresses, leakage current increases, and capacitor characteristics deteriorate significantly. Furthermore, if non-ferromagnetic stainless steel is used for the positive electrode case on the production line, electromagnets cannot be used to move the cases one by one onto the lower case during the capacitor assembly process, making it difficult to speed up the line. Can not. As described above, the present invention prevents the anodic dissolution of the case material that occurs when an electric double layer capacitor using a non-aqueous electrolyte is used at a high voltage of 2.0V or more,
The purpose is to improve capacitor characteristics and utilize the magnetizability of the positive electrode material in the production line process to ensure smooth line operation. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses austenitic ferritic stainless steel with an aluminum layer provided on the inner surface, at least as the positive electrode case. Effects The present invention can provide an electric double layer capacitor that has a working voltage of 2.0 V or more and is easy to assemble on a production line by the above-described means. The austenitic/ferritic stainless steel used in this invention is a current JIS standard product.
It is SUS329J1 and has excellent general corrosion resistance and exhibits ferromagnetism. However, its workability is slightly inferior to that of austenitic stainless steels such as SUS304. The positive electrode material is high chromium ferrite stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance, such as JIS standard product.
When using SUS447J1, it is very stable at a working voltage of about 2.0V, but when the voltage exceeds 2.0V, especially 2.4V, the anodic dissolution reaction begins to proceed, increasing leakage current and significantly deteriorating the capacitor characteristics. Examples First, the voltage/current characteristics of various stainless steels and aluminum were investigated using an Ag/AgCl 2 reference electrode in an electrolytic solution in which a borofluoride salt of tetraethylammonium was dissolved in propylene carbonate, and the characteristics are shown in FIG. The one shown in Figure 2 sweeps the voltage at a relatively slow rate of about 0.1 mV/sec. In Fig. 2, a is used in the present invention.
It is SUS329J1, b is the characteristic of SUS304, and c is the characteristic of aluminum. When the voltage of aluminum c is swept, an aluminum oxide coating is formed on the metal surface, and the dissolution reaction is suppressed. It can be seen that a has almost the same characteristics as b. Example 1 Austenitic/ferritic stainless steel
The upper case 7 as shown in FIG. 1 was constructed by forming a clad plate made by hot rolling and bonding SUS329J1 and aluminum. 8 is a layer of SUS329J1 with a thickness of approx.
250μm, 9 is an aluminum layer with a thickness of about 100μm
It is. An electric double layer capacitor similar to that shown in FIG. 3 was constructed using the above upper case on the positive electrode side. This is A
As comparative examples, B uses SUS304 as the upper case, and C uses SUS447J1. In addition, the polarizable electrode has a specific surface area of 2500 m 2 /g.
An aluminum current collector layer with a thickness of 100 μm was formed on one side of activated carbon fiber cloth by plasma spraying. The electrolytic solution used was one in which (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 was dissolved at 1 mol/l in propylene carbonate, a porous polypropylene membrane was used for the separator, and polypropylene was used for the gasket. SUS304 was used for the lower case. Regarding the above capacitor, in an atmosphere of 70℃
Capacitance change rate and 1KHz after 1000 hours after applying 2.8V
The following table shows the rate of change in impedance measured at

【表】 これらの変化率は、信頼性のひとつの目やすと
なる。本発明のものAの特性が極めて優れている
ことがわかる。また、比較例では、漏れ電流が非
常に大きくなりキヤパシタ特性のそこなわれるも
のが30%程度でたのに対し、本発明のものAでは
そのようなものは見られなかつた。またライン内
で電磁石を利用し、ケーシング材料をひとつずつ
運び組み立てることも極めて容易であつた。 実施例 2 正極側の上ケースに、SUS329J1(250μm厚)に
アルミニウムを50μm蒸着したものを用いて実施
例1と同様のキヤパシタDを得た。 実施例 3 正極側の上ケースに、SUS329J1(250μm厚)に
アルミニウムを150μm溶射したものを用いて実施
例1と同様のキヤパシタEを得た。 これらのキヤパシタについての実施例1と同様
の特性値を次表に示す。
[Table] These rates of change serve as a measure of reliability. It can be seen that the characteristics of product A of the present invention are extremely excellent. Further, in the comparative example, the leakage current was extremely large and the capacitor characteristics were deteriorated in about 30% of the cases, whereas such a problem was not observed in the product A of the present invention. It was also extremely easy to transport and assemble the casing materials one by one using electromagnets within the line. Example 2 A capacitor D similar to that in Example 1 was obtained by using SUS329J1 (250 μm thick) with aluminum vapor-deposited to a thickness of 50 μm for the upper case on the positive electrode side. Example 3 A capacitor E similar to that in Example 1 was obtained by using SUS329J1 (250 μm thick) thermally sprayed with aluminum to a thickness of 150 μm for the upper case on the positive electrode side. The characteristic values of these capacitors similar to those in Example 1 are shown in the following table.

【表】 発明の効果 本発明により、外部からの腐食に強く、電気的
接触が良好でしかも電磁石により生産ラインで運
搬容易でかつ高い使用電圧を有する電気二重層キ
ヤパシタを得ることができる。
[Table] Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an electric double layer capacitor that is resistant to external corrosion, has good electrical contact, is easy to transport on a production line using an electromagnet, and has a high working voltage.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の電気二重層キヤパシタの正極
側ケースの構成例を示す縦断面図、第2図は各種
金属の電圧−電流特性を示す図、第3図は従来の
電気二重層キヤパシタを示す縦断面図である。 1,1′……分極性電極、2,2′……集電体、
3……セパレータ、4……ガスケツト、5……下
ケース、6,7……上ケース、8……
SUS329J1、9……アルミニウム。
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the positive electrode side case of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a view showing the voltage-current characteristics of various metals, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional electric double layer capacitor. FIG. 1, 1'... Polarizable electrode, 2, 2'... Current collector,
3... Separator, 4... Gasket, 5... Lower case, 6, 7... Upper case, 8...
SUS329J1, 9...Aluminum.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 非水系電解質を備え、正極ケースが内面にア
ルミニウム層を設けたオーステナイト・フエライ
ト系ステンレス鋼からなることを特徴とする電気
二重層キヤパシタ。
1. An electric double layer capacitor comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte and having a positive electrode case made of austenitic/ferritic stainless steel with an aluminum layer provided on the inner surface.
JP60236055A 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 electric double layer capacitor Granted JPS6294908A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60236055A JPS6294908A (en) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 electric double layer capacitor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60236055A JPS6294908A (en) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 electric double layer capacitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6294908A JPS6294908A (en) 1987-05-01
JPH0329285B2 true JPH0329285B2 (en) 1991-04-23

Family

ID=16995070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60236055A Granted JPS6294908A (en) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 electric double layer capacitor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6294908A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4437036B2 (en) 2003-12-26 2010-03-24 パナソニック株式会社 Case material for storage cells
DE112006000597B4 (en) 2005-07-29 2013-09-12 Seiko Instruments Inc. Electrochemical cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6294908A (en) 1987-05-01

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