JPH0333014B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a dental implant, and particularly to a dental implant that can be stably fixed in an extraction socket or a cutting groove and a socket of alveolar bone.

(Prior art) As a conventional dental implant, the lower surface of the cylindrical body is formed in the shape of a hemisphere or an eggplant head, the head is erected on the upper surface, and the side surface is formed into a rounded ridge with an obtuse circumferential arc-shaped cross section. Tokuko Shou 52-9955 has a groove, is threaded to widen the width of the valley, deepen the bottom of the valley, and has fixing grooves drilled in the mesial and distal directions of the sides.
In addition, before or after the metal post formed as a cylindrical pin with a plurality of helical grooves is inserted into the tooth root hole, a cast metal core is attached to the post head using a U-shaped clip member. JP-A-61-259663 proposes a method for assembling and fixing.

In both of the above conventional techniques, the head for building the abutment tooth is formed integrally and protrusively on the implant body, so this head gets in the way and the implant is not stabilized in the tissue after it is inserted into the extraction socket. However, external invasions such as impact and occlusal force were applied to the implant, delaying the stabilization of the implant, and there was a risk of bacterial infection due to bacteria entering through the gap caused by the wobble of the implant. Furthermore, since both implants have a cylindrical shape, they are strong against external pressure in the vertical direction, but weak against external pressure in the lateral direction, and there is a problem that the implants roll due to the lateral force applied by mastication. It was hot. Furthermore, conventional implants have a problem in that they have a low tissue affinity for the jawbone, causing discomfort.

To solve this problem, a tightening screw is screwed onto the implant through a ring of a tightening device until the dental implant is stabilized in the alveolar bone, and then the screw is screwed through the sleeve of a distance unit after stabilization. Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-438 proposed a fixation device made of titanium that could be used to permanently implant a prosthesis, etc., by screwing instead of a ring or a tightening screw, thereby making it possible to omit the aforementioned implant head. a denture base having spaced apart edges extending mesio-distally transverse to the root axis, and a tooth implant for fixing the artificial tooth in alignment with the root axis; A shank protruding from one edge along the denture, an abutment tooth support connected to the shank for attaching an artificial tooth, and a stabilizing means for resisting rotational moments acting on the denture base while it is embedded in the jawbone. Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1983-1987 discloses a tooth implant that can overcome the rolling problem of dental implants by configuring
This is proposed in Publication No. 93693.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-438 is made of titanium, which has good tissue affinity, and can solve the problem of delay in stabilization caused by the implant head. However, although the implant disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-93693 can deal with the rolling problem of the implant, since the abutment tooth support is integrated into the implant, it causes a delay in stabilization and These conventional techniques cannot solve the problems caused by the implant head and the problem of implant rolling at the same time. Before stabilization, screws are screwed in through the ring, and after stabilization, these are replaced and screws are screwed in through the sleeve, so the height dimension becomes longer due to the use of the ring, and the tooth extraction socket, There are problems in that the cutting groove or cavity must be formed unnecessarily deep, making it difficult to place a dental implant, and the complicated structure using rings and sleeves is likely to cause bacterial infection. , Japanese Patent Publication No. 1973
- In the device of Publication No. 93693, the stabilizing means is composed of a short stabilizer that protrudes from only one side of the denture base, so the force that resists the rolling of the implant is applied only to the one direction in which the stabilizer protrudes. Not only does it not work,
Since the support body is formed vertically shorter than the denture base, sufficient stabilizing effect cannot be obtained, and the length of the stabilizer cannot be adjusted or bent to fit the tooth extraction socket, cutting groove, or cavity, making it difficult to handle. The problem is that it is inconvenient.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant that can improve the stability of the implant and has excellent tissue compatibility.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention includes one leg on one side of the outer circumferential surface of a cylindrical portion and two legs facing radially on the other side, each having a planar shape of approximately Y.
A main body made of titanium or titanium alloy, which is integrally formed to protrude in the shape of a letter and has a horizontal part and a vertical part connected to the horizontal part and extending to substantially the lower end of the cylindrical part; The main body is provided with a female threaded portion that allows a temporary screw to be screwed in until the main body is stabilized in the alveolar bone, and an abutment screw that can be screwed in place of the temporary screw after stabilization. This is a dental implant.

(Function) A temporary screw is screwed into the female threaded part without using a ring in the conventional technology, and the main body made of titanium or titanium alloy is inserted into the extraction socket or cutting groove or socket of the alveolar bone with the temporary screw impacted in the main body. After the main body has stabilized in the alveolar bone, replace the temporary screw and screw the abutment screw into the female thread of the main body without using a sleeve, and attach the abutment tooth to the protrusion of the abutment screw. A crown can be attached, and the main body is stabilized against the lateral force applied to the main body by mastication due to the plurality of legs provided on both sides of the outer circumferential surface in a planar shape of a substantially Y shape, and the rolling of the main body can be prevented. In addition, since the main body is molded from titanium or titanium alloy, it has high tissue affinity for the jawbone, and the length of the leg piece can be adjusted to fit the tooth extraction socket or cutting groove and socket. It is possible to bend the pieces.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figures, 1 is a main body cast from titanium or a titanium alloy, and this main body 1 is a part of the outer peripheral surface of a bottomed cylindrical portion 2. One leg piece 3 on one side, 2 on the other side
The leg pieces 4 and 5 are provided so as to protrude in the radial direction so as to form a substantially Y-shaped plane. Further, each leg piece 3, 4, 5 has an L-shape having a horizontal part and a vertical part, and has an inward protrusion 6 at the tip, and the base end of the leg piece 3, 4, 5 is connected to the cylinder. The leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 integrally protrude from approximately the center of the outer peripheral surface of the portion 2, and the lower ends of the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 extend to approximately the lower end position of the cylindrical portion 2. Reference numeral 7 denotes a female threaded portion provided in the cylindrical portion 2 of the main body 1, and a provisional screw 9 having a tool groove 8 in its head is screwed into this female threaded portion 7 in an impacted state. Reference numeral 10 denotes an abutment screw which is screwed into the female threaded portion 7 in place of the provisional screw 9 while the main body 1 is stably placed in the tooth extraction socket 12 of the alveolar bone 11 or in the cutting groove and socket. A protrusion 15 for building an abutment tooth with a tool groove 14 is formed on the head of the base screw 10 via a flange 13. Further, the ends of the cylindrical portion 2 and the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 are chamfered. Then, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the alveolar bone 11
The grooves 16 corresponding to the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 are incised in a Y-shape so as to be continuous with the tooth extraction socket 12 or the cutting groove and the socket, and the temporary screw 9 is screwed into the tooth extraction socket 12 or the cutting groove and the socket. Drive and insert the impacted body 1,
In this state, the main body 1 is stabilized with the tissue of the alveolar bone 11 by adhering to the surface of the main body 1 by natural bone growth, nerve fibers in the jawbone, blood discharged from blood vessel connection sites, lymph fluid, etc. Thereafter, a suitable tool 17 is engaged with the tool groove 8 and the provisional screw 9 is rotated to remove it from the main body 1, and instead, the abutment screw 10 is screwed through the tool groove 14 as shown in FIG. During this exchange, a rotational force is applied to the main body 1 by the screw, but since the main body 1 is fused to the alveolar bone 11, rotation of the main body 1 is prevented. Further, the flange 13 is located at the head of the main body 1, and the protrusion 15 is in a protruding state. Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, an abutment tooth 18 is built on the protrusion 15 and a crown 19 is attached.

In the above embodiment, the main body 1 is inserted into the tooth extraction socket 1 through the groove 16 with the provisional screw 9 impacted.
2. Since the main body 1 is inserted by being driven into a cutting groove and a cavity, there is no protrusion that applies impact or occlusal force until the main body 1 is stabilized by adhesion, so stabilization is quick and good, and the risk of bacterial infection is eliminated. Ru. Further, after the main body 1 is stabilized, the abutment tooth 18 and the tooth crown 19 can be easily attached by simply screwing the abutment screw 10 into the main body 1 instead of the temporary screw 9. Furthermore, since the main body 1 is cast from pure titanium or a titanium alloy, it has a high tissue affinity for the jawbone, and the legs 3 are provided in a substantially Y-shaped plane with the cylindrical portion 2 at the center.
4 and 5, a highly stable state can be obtained, and the body 1 can be prevented from rolling because it is strong against the force applied in the direction of the arrow A in FIGS. 2 and 3, that is, in both the front and rear directions. Furthermore, since the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 are made of titanium, they can be adjusted to match the condition of the groove 16, extraction socket 12, or cutting groove and socket, so that the main body 1 can be easily implanted. Therefore, compared to the prior art, in this embodiment, the problem caused by the implant head and the problem of implant rolling can be solved at the same time.
Since the ring and sleeve used in Publication No. 48-438 can be omitted, there is no need to form an extraction socket, a cutting groove, or a socket unnecessarily deep, making the treatment easy. Furthermore, it has a simple configuration that does not use a ring or sleeve. Therefore, bacterial infection can be well prevented.Furthermore, the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 are formed so that the planar shape is approximately Y-shaped to prevent rolling of the implant, and the cylindrical part 2 is Since it extends almost to the bottom end, it has a higher stabilizing force than the one disclosed in JP-A-53-93693, in which a small stabilizer is provided only on one side. It is strong enough to withstand the force of , and can reliably prevent rolling.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals and the same parts are omitted. 4 and 5 are each provided with a plurality of support parts 3A, 4A, and 5A in parallel each having a circular protrusion 6A at the tip, and a plurality of fixing grooves 20 are vertically provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 2. ing. Therefore, even when the leg pieces 3, 4, and 5 are cut to an appropriate length, the supporting parts 3A, 4A, and 5A remain, and high stability can be obtained, and the fixing groove 20 of the cylindrical part 2 Therefore, after the main body 1 is driven into the tooth extraction socket 12 or the cutting groove and socket, good adhesion occurs due to growth of natural bone, nerve fibers in the jawbone, blood discharged from blood vessel connection sites, lymph fluid, etc.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, the number of leg pieces and the opening angle, shape, and dimensions of the leg pieces may be selected appropriately, and the shape may be a modified Y-shape as shown in FIG. 8, or a plurality of support legs 3B, 4B, 5B as shown in FIG. It may also be a grid-like structure having a lattice shape. Further, the temporary screw may be completely embedded in the main body up to the head.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention has one leg on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part and two legs facing in the radial direction on the other side, each having a planar shape of approximately Y.
A main body made of titanium or titanium alloy, which is integrally formed to protrude in the shape of a letter and has a horizontal part and a vertical part connected to the horizontal part and extending to substantially the lower end of the cylindrical part; The main body is provided with a female threaded portion that allows a temporary screw to be screwed in until the main body is stabilized in the alveolar bone, and an abutment screw that can be screwed in place of the temporary screw after stabilization. This makes it possible to improve the stability of the implant and provide a dental implant with excellent tissue compatibility.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG.
6 to 6 are sectional views showing the order of implant installation, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the second embodiment, FIGS. 8 and 9 show other embodiments, and FIG. 8 is a plan view.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view. 1... Main body, 3, 4, 5... Leg piece, 7... Female threaded portion, 9... Temporary screw, 10... Abutment screw, 11...
...alveolar bone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One leg on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part and two legs facing radially on the other side are integrally formed so that the planar shape is approximately Y-shaped, and the leg pieces are connected to the horizontal part. A titanium or titanium alloy main body formed to have a vertical part connected to a horizontal part and extending to substantially the lower end of the cylindrical part; What is claimed is: 1. A dental implant comprising: a female threaded portion that can be attached to the temporary screw and replaced with the provisional screw after stabilization;