JPH0333637B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a floating container crane, and more particularly to a novel floating container crane that can realize container cargo handling offshore.

[Prior Art] Freight transportation using containers has become common in recent years, and in particular, the volume of container transportation using ships such as container ships has become extremely large. When transporting containers by large container ships, etc., container wharves installed in large-scale port facilities are usually used, and containers are loaded and unloaded using permanently installed container cranes.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, since container crane equipment, which can carry out container loading and unloading work most efficiently, is limited to large-scale port facilities, it is difficult to handle containers from large container ships. There was a problem that the areas where loading and unloading were possible were restricted. Therefore, it was not possible to carry out container loading and unloading work directly at small ports around the country.

In addition, there was a problem in that vessels were forced to use a dedicated container wharf when handling containers, resulting in increased costs such as mooring fees and quay management fees.

Furthermore, since there are restrictions on the areas where containers can be loaded and unloaded, containers are transported to various locations using trucks, trains, small ships, etc. The containers are collected at a yard and then sorted by region and shipped, making the process of shipping complicated and inefficient.

Floating jib cranes and double link cranes have long been used as off-shore cargo handling equipment, and these are convenient for handling cargo slung with ropes. Therefore, it is conceivable to use these cranes for container cargo handling offshore, but since container handling requires highly accurate positioning functions such as hole alignment of the twist locks of the spreaders that lift containers, they are not suitable for container cargo handling. It is considered appropriate, and even if adopted, it would significantly reduce work efficiency. In addition, in recent years, container ships have tended to become larger, and containers are also stacked in high-rise stacks, so these cranes have been forced to become larger, and along with this, the amount of lowering of ropes for hoisting stations has increased. It is difficult to employ these cranes because the length of the rope makes positioning difficult due to swinging of the rope.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a new floating container crane that can realize container cargo handling offshore.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a container crane for loading and unloading containers from a container ship to a barge, etc.
A floating barge is floated on the sea and placed between a container ship and a barge. A boom mast provided in an upright manner, a guide frame surrounding the boom mast and provided movably up and down along the mast, and a guide frame provided at the top of the guide frame and extending horizontally to the side of the adjacent container ship. a cargo handling boom having a front boom whose length is at least as long as the width of the container ship, and a back boom extending horizontally on the side of the barge opposite to the front boom; a container lifting means provided movably along the longitudinal direction; a container guide path formed on the guide frame for reciprocating the container supported by the container lifting means between a front boom and a back boom; A mooring device provided on the underside of the traveling pedestal for mooring and fixing the trestle on the barge, and a spud provided on the floating barge for driving into the seabed and supporting the barge during container handling. and a swing ring that is provided between the boom mast and the traveling frame and supports the mast in a freely swingable manner so that the cargo handling boom is rotated in the direction of the ship's ship and stowed at the end of cargo handling. be.

According to the above configuration, when loading and unloading containers between a container ship and a barge, etc., the floating barge is positioned between the container ship and the barge, and the loading and unloading boom is raised and lowered via the guide frame. After the boom is positioned above the container ship, the container can be loaded and unloaded by suspending the container using a container lifting means and transferring the container from the front boom to the back boom or in the opposite direction.

A container guide path is provided on the guide frame, so when transferring containers along the cargo handling boom,
Containers can be quickly transferred from the front boom to the back boom or vice versa without being obstructed by the boom mast.

During cargo handling, the floating barge is supported by spuds driven into the seabed, and the traveling platform is moored and fixed onto the barge using a mooring device, so containers can be handled in a stable manner.

At the end of cargo handling, the guide frame is lowered and the cargo handling boom is swung toward the ship's captain and stowed away, which suppresses the movement of the floating barge and improves safety.

[Embodiment] Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, on the sea S, there is a container ship 2 loaded with containers 1, and a domestic barge or small vessel for unloading and transferring the containers 1 from the container ship 2. A floating barge 4 disposed between the two is floated.
The barge 4 has a considerable width and is shaped like an ark along the longitudinal direction of the container ship. This barge 4
, a plurality of spuds 5 are provided at appropriate locations to support the barge 4 from the seabed B by driving it into the seabed B, thereby regulating the movement of the ship. This spud 5 is connected to a spud hoisting device 6 provided on the barge 4.
It is configured to be able to move up and down with respect to the seabed B.
In addition, the barge 4 is also equipped with a mooring device, a ship maneuvering device, etc. (not shown).

A boom mast 7 is installed upright on the floating barge 4 configured in this way. The boom mast 7 has a truss structure in which several masts are connected, and is designed to be lightweight and reduce resistance to wind pressure and the like. Also this mast 7
is constructed on a barge so that it can move freely along the length of the barge. Specifically, the traveling mechanism 8 includes a pair of traveling rails 9 laid on the barge 4 along its longitudinal direction, and a traveling mount 10 spanned between the traveling rails 9 provided at the base of the mast 7. and a set of running wheels 11, which are provided at each of the four corners of the running frame 10 and run on the running rails 9. Further, the traveling pedestal 10 is equipped with a traveling drive device and a mooring device 12 for fixing the pedestal 10 at a fixed position. Further, a swing ring 13 is provided between the traveling frame 10 and the base of the mast 7 to allow the upper structure such as the mast 7 to freely rotate relative to the traveling frame 10. (not shown).

The boom mast 7 thus erected is provided with a guide frame 14 that can be raised and lowered along the vertical direction. The guide frame 14 has a truss structure that defines a container guide passage 15 in the center, has a top steel structure 16 at its upper part, and is supported by a mast 7 at its lower part. As shown in FIG. 3, the elevating mechanism 17 of the guide frame 14 mainly includes a bottom frame 18 of the guide frame 14, which is arranged to surround the mast 7 from the outside in the circumferential direction, and a frame 18. Lifting frames 19 are arranged in parallel directly below the mast 7 and surround the mast 7, and a lifting cylinder 20 is provided along the vertical direction between the lifting frames 19 and the bottom frame 18 and is driven to expand and contract.
and these lifting frames 19 and bottom frame 18
Engagement members 22 that are provided to be movable in the horizontal direction and retract and protrude toward the mast side to removably engage with the beam members 21 of the mast 7, and these engagement members 22 and the lifting frame 19 or the bottom frame. The engaging/disengaging cylinders 24 are provided between the engagement member 18 and the reaction force support bracket 23 provided at the engagement member 18, and are driven to expand and contract in order to cause the engagement member 22 to come out and go in and out. When the upper structure such as the guide frame 14 is lifted relative to the mast 7 by the lifting mechanism 17, first the lifting frame 19
When the engagement member 22 of the bottom frame 18 of the guide frame 14 is engaged with the beam member 21 by extension of the engagement/disengagement cylinder 24 and the guide frame 14 is supported by the mast 7, the engagement member 22 of the bottom frame 18 of the guide frame 14 is engaged. By storing the removal cylinder 24, it is removed from the girder material 21. Next, the lifting cylinder 20 is extended to raise the bottom frame 18 with respect to the lifting frame 19, and the entire guide frame 14 is raised with respect to the mast 7. Next, the engagement member 22 of the bottom frame 18
is engaged with the beam member 21 by extension of the engagement/disengagement cylinder 24. Finally, the engaging member 22 of the lifting frame 19 is detached from the girder 21 by the engaging/disengaging cylinder 24, the lifting cylinder 20 is retracted, the lifting frame 19 is pulled up toward the bottom frame 18, and the engaging/disengaging cylinder 24 is disengaged again. The frame 19 for lifting and lowering by the cylinder 24 for
The engaging member 22 is engaged with the beam member 21. Through such operations, the guide frame 14 can be raised by one pitch of the beam member 21 of the mast 7, and by repeating similar operations, the guide frame 14 can be successively raised relative to the mast 7. When descending, the procedure can be reversed. In this way, the guide frame 14 is supported at a higher position on the mast 7, and the container guide path 1
5 is in unobstructed communication with the mast 7 (indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2). Furthermore, with the above configuration, the weight, external force, and moment of the guide frame 14 and the like are transmitted to and supported by the mast 7.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a guide frame 14 that forms the top of the mast 7 that is raised and lowered relative to the boom mast 7 has a width that extends from the adjacent container ship 2 side to the barge 3 side. A cargo handling boom 25 is provided which extends horizontally in series in the direction.
This cargo handling boom 25 extends from the guide frame 14 toward the container ship side, and includes a front boom 26 whose length is at least the same as the width of the container ship 2, and a back boom 27 that extends toward the barge side. It is horizontally supported by a plurality of stays 28 each having one end connected to the top steel structure 16 with a pin.

Further, the cargo handling boom 25 configured in this manner is provided with a container hoisting means 29 movably along its longitudinal direction. This container lifting means 29 mainly consists of wheels 30 mounted on the lower girder of the cargo handling boom 25.
A traversing trolley 3 is engaged with and is provided to freely run.
1, a spreader 33 for container cargo handling supported via a sheave block 32 suspended below the traversing trolley 31, a traversing mechanism 34 for running the traversing trolley 31, and a traversing mechanism 34 for lifting and suspending the container 1. The winding mechanism 35 is composed of a winding mechanism 35 and a winding mechanism 35. A driver's cab 36 is provided in the traversing trolley 31. The spreader 33 is detachably attached to the sheave block 32 and has a twist lock device (not shown) for containers of a conventional construction. As shown in FIG. 4, the traversing mechanism 34 mainly includes one traversing winch 37 and a pair of traversing ropes 38 extending from the winch 37. These ropes for traveling 3
8 is wound around the winch 37 in the opposite direction at one end, and the other end is connected to the tip sheave 40 of the front boom 26 and the back boom 2 through the sheave 39, respectively.
7, and further connected to the traversing trolley 31 via these sheaves 40 and 41. By rotating the winch 37 in the forward and reverse directions, the traversing trolley 31 is moved forward and backward. On the other hand, the hoisting mechanism 35, as shown in FIG. It consists of 43. Both ends of these hoisting ropes 43 are wound around the winch 42 in the same direction, and the sheave block 32 is suspended between both ends sequentially via the rear rope sheave 44 and the support rope sheave 45 above the traversing trolley, and then the sheave block 32 is suspended from the front boom. The ropes 43 are extended to the tip and wrapped around the front rope sheave 46, and the ropes 43 are stretched symmetrically with respect to the center of the crane. By rotating these winches 42 forward and backward in the same direction, the sheave block 32 is raised and lowered to lift the container 1.
It is designed to be hung. The traverse winch 37 and the hoisting winch 42 are provided in a machine room 47 installed in the back boom 27.

Note that 48 is a power supply cable for supplying power to the driver's cab 36 and the spreader 33, and is configured to be bundled at the end of the back boom 27 when stored.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When carrying out container cargo handling work offshore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a floating barge 4 is moored alongside the side of a container ship 2 moored offshore, and a spud 5 is moored on the seabed. Drive into B to fix barge 4. Therefore, it is possible to restrict the movement of the barge 4 even in the face of considerable waves and currents, and it is possible to carry out cargo handling operations as well as land-based facilities.

Thereafter, the barge 3 is brought alongside and moored to the side of the barge 4 opposite to the container ship side, and the barge 4 is positioned between it and the container ship 2.

Next, the boom mast 7 is made to travel on the barge 4 by the traveling mechanism 8, moved to the cargo handling target position, and the traveling gantry 10 is moored and fixed on the barge 4 by the mooring device 12.

Next, the guide frame 1 is moved by the lifting mechanism 17.
4. Raise the upper structure such as the cargo handling boom 25 with respect to the mast 7 and fix it at a height position where the front boom 26 crosses above the container ship 2. By configuring the cargo handling equipment such as the cargo handling boom 25 so that it can be raised and lowered, the height of the cargo handling boom 25 can be adjusted in accordance with the loading situation on the container ship 2, that is, the floating height of the ship and the stacking height of the cargo. be able to. Therefore, the relative height between the lifting height position of the lifting means 29 and the stacking height position of the containers 1 can be made as small as possible, and shaking during the lifting operation can be suppressed, and the joining operation between the container 1 and the spreader 33 can be made as small as possible. can be done easily. Furthermore, since the relative height is small, the amount of hoisting by the hoisting mechanism 35 can also be reduced, and work efficiency can be improved. Depending on the raised position of the cargo handling boom 25, there is a risk that the upper part of the mast 7 may protrude into the container guide passage 15 of the guide frame 14 and obstruct it. Transport of the container can be ensured by dismantling it using the lifting means 29.

Next, the cargo handling boom 25 supported along the longitudinal direction of the barge 4 is rotated via the rotation ring 13 to extend horizontally from the adjacent container ship side to the barge side. By configuring the cargo handling boom 25 to be able to rotate in this way, the cargo handling boom 25 that remains protruding outward in the width direction of the ship becomes an obstacle, and when coming alongside or leaving the container ship 2, or the barge of the barge 3. It is possible to prevent interference with the superstructure of the ship when coming alongside or leaving the ship, and work can be done safely.

When the preparation work is completed as described above, the container 1 is lifted from the container ship 2 by the container lifting means 29 and transferred from the front boom 26 side to the back boom 27 side via the container guide passage 15 of the guide frame 14, and then transferred to the barge. Container 1 will be loaded onto 3. This work can be performed in substantially the same way as when using land-based container crane equipment.

Furthermore, by installing a turning device on the sheave block 32 or attaching a turning device to the traversing trolley 31, the container 1 can be turned on the barge 3 and transferred in a way that corresponds to the cargo space of the barge 3. This allows for more efficient loading.

Once the cargo handling work for the container 1 has been completed as described above, the entire work can be completed by performing the work in the reverse order of the preparatory work.

In addition, the following measures can be taken as safety measures against long-term suspension of this floating container crane while it is moored offshore or during stormy weather. That is, the cargo handling boom 25 is lowered to the lowest position relative to the mast 7 (indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2), and the cargo handling boom 25 is arranged and stored along the longitudinal direction of the barge using the swing ring 13. . Furthermore, the boom 25 is lashed to the barge 4 or supported on a mooring platform (not shown). In this way, the oscillation of the barge 4 can be suppressed and safety can be improved. Also boom mast 7
By making the crane, guide frame 14, etc. into a truss structure, it is possible to prevent the crane device from becoming top-heavy, suppress resistance to wind pressure, and eliminate disturbances. Furthermore, the spud 5 may be driven into the seabed B.

On the other hand, the barge 4 can be made smaller by reducing disturbances and reducing weight by adopting a truss structure or the like.

A modified embodiment is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. In this embodiment, a swing device 49 is attached to the lower part of the sheave block 32, and the spreader 33 is suspended from this. After suspending the container 1 from the container ship 2, the turning device 4
The direction of the container 1 can be changed by rotating the spreader 33 using the handle 9. With this configuration, the container 1 can be freely transferred when the barge 3 is small or when the container 1 needs to be loaded onto the barge 3 in a direction different from the loading direction on the container ship. I can do it. Further, with this configuration, the container guide passage 15 can be made smaller, and the guide frame 14 can be made smaller.
This makes it possible to reduce the size of the structure, thereby achieving further weight reduction in terms of structural strength.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are achieved.

(1) By installing the boom mast, cargo handling boom, and container lifting means that constitute a container crane on a floating barge that floats offshore and is placed between a container ship and a barge, etc., offshore This enables loading and unloading of containers in the same way as a land-based container crane.

(2) Therefore, container cargo handling can be carried out not only in large-scale port facilities equipped with container crane equipment, but also in small ports without dedicated container quays.

(3) Furthermore, since it is not necessary for the container ship to berth at the quay, miscellaneous expenses such as quay management fees are eliminated, and costs can be reduced when transporting containers.

(4) It is possible to directly load containers from a container ship onto a barge via a cargo handling boom, and at that time, the containers can be transferred while being sorted according to the destination of the barge, so there is no need to first collect the cargo at a yard on the bay and then sort it. This can be omitted, improving efficiency up to shipping, and improving container distribution conditions.

(5) A container guide path is formed in the guide frame that moves up and down along the boom mast, allowing the container suspended by the container lifting means to be moved between the front boom and the back boom without being obstructed by the boom mast. In addition, during cargo handling, the floating barge is supported by spuds, and the traveling platform is moored and fixed on the barge using a mooring device, allowing cargo handling to be carried out in a stable condition. Since the guide frame is lowered and the cargo handling boom is rotated toward the captain of the barge and stored, it is possible to suppress the movement of the floating barge and improve its safety.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing the elevating mechanism, and FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the traversing mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the winding mechanism, FIG. 6 is a front view showing a modified embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a side view thereof. In the figure, 1 is a container, 2 is a container ship, 3 is a barge, 4 is a floating barge, 7 is a boom mast, 25 is a cargo handling boom, and 29 is a container lifting means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a container crane for loading and unloading containers from a container ship to a barge, etc., a floating barge that is floated on the sea and placed between the container ship and the barge, etc. and travels in the direction of the captain on the barge. a freely provided traveling platform; a boom mast provided upright on the traveling platform;
a guide frame that surrounds the boom mast and is movable up and down along the mast; and a guide frame that is installed at the top of the guide frame and extends horizontally toward the adjacent container ship, the length of which is at least the width of the container ship. a cargo handling boom having a front boom formed in length, and a back boom extending horizontally on the side of the barge opposite to the front boom; a container lifting means formed on the guide frame and for reciprocating the container supported by the container lifting means between the front boom and the back boom; a mooring device for mooring and fixing the pedestal on the barge; a spud installed on the floating barge and driven into the seabed to support the barge during container cargo handling; the boom mast; and the traveling pedestal; 1. A floating container crane, comprising: a swing ring that is provided between the cranes and supports the mast in a freely swingable manner so as to swing the cargo handling boom toward the ship's ship and stow it at the end of cargo handling.