JPH0333986B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat pump device for air conditioning and heating and hot water supply that can heat water in a hot water storage tank for air conditioning and heating using a heat pump.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as this type of device, there has been one shown in FIG. 1 for heating and cooling purposes. In this Figure 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve for switching heating and cooling,
3a, 3b are indoor heat exchangers, 4a, 4b are expansion valves, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, and between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchangers 3a, 3b are solenoid valves 13a, 1.
3b is inserted.

In addition, there was a type shown in Figure 2 for heating, cooling, and hot water supply. In this Figure 2, 1 to 5, 13
a and 13b are the same as described above, and FIG. 2 shows the case where one is used as the indoor heat exchanger 3a. 6 is a hot water storage tank, and a hot water storage tank heating coil 8
The hot water tank heating coil 8 is connected in series with the solenoid valve 13b and in parallel to the series circuit of the solenoid valve 13a and the indoor heat exchanger 3a.

Further, a faucet 15 is provided above the hot water tank 6, and a city water intake port 14 is provided below.

Next, the operation will be explained. FIG. 1 shows a heat pump device that cools and heats multiple rooms. During cooling, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from a compressor 1 flows as shown by the solid line in the figure, and reaches an outdoor heat exchanger 5 from a four-way valve 2. Here it is cooled and condensed. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is transferred to the expansion valve 4a.
The air is depressurized through the air, reaches the indoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b, and is evaporated in the indoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b, removing heat from the room and turning into gas. This low-pressure gas is sucked into the compressor 1 again through the solenoid valves 13a, 13b and the four-way valve 2, which are opened when a load is generated, and the cycle of compression is repeated.

During heating, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the broken line in the figure, from the four-way valve 2 to the indoor heat exchanger 3a, via the solenoid valves 13a and 13b.
3b, where heat is radiated and condensed to perform heating. The high pressure liquid refrigerant leaving the indoor heat exchangers 3a, 3b is depressurized through the expansion valve 4b. The reduced pressure liquid refrigerant reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5,
It is heated by outside air and evaporates. This low-pressure gas is sucked into the compressor 1 again through the four-way valve 2, and the cycle of compression is repeated.

In addition, in the case of the heat pump device for air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply shown in FIG. 2, a part of the indoor heat exchanger is replaced with a hot water storage tank heating coil 8, and when heating hot water, the solenoid valve 13a is closed and the solenoid valve 13b is opened. Four-way valve 2
can be switched for heating. Solenoid valve 13 during heating
b, and open the solenoid valve 13a.

Furthermore, during cooling, the solenoid valve 13b is closed and the solenoid valve 13a is opened.

In order to heat the water in the hot water tank 6 using a conventional heat pump device, an indoor heat exchanger 3 is used as shown in FIG.
It has been done to form a part of a and 3b into a coil and install it in the hot water storage tank 6, but this method has drawbacks such as the inability to perform operations such as recovering waste heat from cooling to heat the hot water storage tank 6. Ta.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention was made with the aim of improving such drawbacks, and a three-way valve or two two-way valves or a motor-operated valve capable of adjusting the flow rate is provided at the discharge port of the compressor, and high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is exchanged for heat in a hot water storage tank. After guiding the refrigerant to the coil and heating the water, the condensed refrigerant is switched between cooling and heating modes and selectively returned to both sides of the expansion valve, making it possible to perform cooling and heating and hot water supply at the same time, and during heating and hot water heating operations. By setting the heating operation as the first priority mode, setting a certain time period to heat the hot water, and operating the inverter at a low frequency calculated by calculating the inverter frequency at that time, not only is efficiency improved, but the hot water heating This project proposes a heat pump system for heating, cooling, and hot water supply that can suppress the peak power load generated during operation.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Third
The figure is a configuration diagram of one embodiment. In FIG. 3, the same parts as in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described with the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 3, a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, indoor heat exchangers 3a, 3b, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, a hot water tank 6, a hot water tank heating coil 8, a city water intake 14, a faucet 15, and a solenoid valve 13a. , 13b are the same as in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively, and the following points can be followed in Fig.
This is a feature of the present invention, which is different from FIG.

That is, the three-way valve 7 is installed on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 1.
is provided to guide the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 from the inlet a of the three-way valve 7 to one end of the hot water tank heating coil 8 through the outlet c of the three-way valve 7 during hot water supply for cooling.

Furthermore, during heating and cooling, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is guided from the inlet a of the three-way valve 7 to the four-way valve 2 through the outlet b.

The other end of the hot water storage tank heating coil 8 is connected through a solenoid valve 9 to the connecting portion between the expansion valve 4 and the indoor heat exchangers 3a, 3b, and is connected through the solenoid valve 10 to the connection between the expansion valve 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Connected to the connecting part.

Reference numeral 11 represents a branch connecting the electromagnetic valves 9 and 10 to the hot water tank heating coil 8, and 12 represents an inverter.

The temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 6 is detected by a temperature sensor 18, and the output of this temperature sensor 18 is sent to a control device 16 with a timer. The temperature of the city water intake 14 is also detected by a city water temperature detector 17, the output of which is input to a timer-equipped control device 16. This timer control device 16 is adapted to perform switching control of the three-way valve 7.

Next, the operation of the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device of the present invention configured as described above will be explained [during heating], [during cooling], [during cooling hot water supply], and [during heating hot water supply].
This section will be explained separately.

[When heating]

The refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes from the inlet a of the three-way valve 7 to the outlet b, passes through the broken line of the four-way valve 2, passes through the electromagnetic valves 13a and 13b, and enters either the indoor heat exchanger 3a or 3b. (or both),
Here, it condenses and passes through the expansion valve 4 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
It evaporates and passes through the broken line of four-way valve 2 again to compressor 1.
Return to

[When cooling]

The refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes from the inlet a to the outlet b of the three-way valve 7, passes through the solid line of the four-way valve 2, is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, passes through the expansion valve 4, and returns to indoor heat. It reaches either (or both) exchangers 3a and 3b, where it is evaporated. This refrigerant gas is supplied to either solenoid valve 13a or 13b (or both)
The air then passes through the four-way valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1 again.

[When cooling hot water]

The refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes from the inlet a to the outlet c of the three-way valve 7 and is condensed in the hot water tank heating coil 8, thereby heating the water in the hot water tank 6. After that, the refrigerant passes through the electromagnetic valve 10, passes through the expansion valve 4, and reaches either (or both) of the indoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b.
It evaporates here. This refrigerant gas is supplied to the solenoid valve 13a,
13b, and returns to the compressor 1 again via the four-way valve 2.

[When heating hot water]

Refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through an inlet a and an outlet c of a three-way valve 7, and is condensed in a hot water tank heating coil 8, thereby heating the water in the hot water tank 6. Thereafter, it passes through the electromagnetic valve 9, the expansion valve 4, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it evaporates. This refrigerant gas passes through the four-way valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1 again.

The flow of refrigerant gas during each operation has been described above, but during heating/hot water heating operation, heating is always given priority, and heating operation is performed according to the heating load.

Generally, the heating load of a house has its first peak between 6:00 and 9:00 in the morning, as shown in Figure 4.
There is some load depending on the weather during the day, and in the evening ~
There is a peak during the night, and the load is gone by around 24:00.

In the apparatus of the present invention, if the time slot for performing the hot water supply heating operation is set, for example, during the day, approximately 4 to 5 hours will be available for hot water supply and heating. Here, the process will be described using the flowchart shown in FIG.
If the mode is selected in step S1 and the cooling mode is selected, cooling operation is performed in step S2. If it is in the heating/hot water supply mode, the process goes to step S3 to determine whether there is a heating load, and if there is a heating load, heating operation is performed in step S4.

If there is no heating load in step S3, the process goes to step S5, where it is determined whether the hot water storage tank temperature is the set value Th°C, and if it is above the set value, the process goes to step S5.
Return to step 3, and if it is below, go to step S6, and here it is determined whether or not it is within the preset hot water heating time. If NO, go back to step S3, and if YES, go to step S7. . Therefore, in addition to the pre-input hot water storage tank capacity V and boiling water temperature TH°C, the temperature (or set value) input from the city water temperature detector 17, and the hot water heating time tp (for example, 5 hours) are set. By doing so, the required hot water supply heating capacity Qd (Kca/h) is determined by the following formula (step S7).

Qd=Vl×(TH-TC)/tp...(1) Next, the relationship between the inverter frequency (Hz) and the rated hot water heating capacity [Kca/h] is as shown in Figure 5. Therefore, using the required hot water heating capacity Qd obtained from the above equation 1, the following two
Determine the operating frequency freq of the inverter 12 using the formula,
In step S9, hot water heating operation is performed.

f _req = f ₁ (Qd) ...(2) This determined operating frequency freq of the inverter
is a low frequency of 20 to 30 Hz, and operating at a low rotational speed at this low frequency improves the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle for the following reasons.

In other words, when the rotational speed of the compressor 1 decreases, the refrigerant flow rate decreases linearly in proportion to the rotational speed, whereas the capacity of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers is constant, so the amount of heat exchange (cooling and heating The refrigeration cycle efficiency does not decrease in proportion to the decrease in rotational speed, and therefore the refrigeration cycle efficiency improves as the rotational speed decreases.

If the operating frequency freq of the inverter is out of the range calculated above, the inverter is operated at a set low frequency, for example, 20 to 30 Hz.

Furthermore, if a heating load occurs during the hot water heating time, the hot water heating operation is temporarily stopped and the heating operation is performed, but the hot water heating operation is performed again (step S9) during the time when there is no heating load. The total hot water heating time (tp) is reached.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the indoor heat exchanger 3
Although the case where two units a and 3b are used is shown as an example, it goes without saying that this also applies to three or more units.

Further, instead of the three-way valve 7, two two-way valves may be used to perform the same operation. The three-way valve 7 may be an electrically operated valve that can adjust the flow rate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention includes a three-way valve, two two-way valves, or an electric valve that can adjust the flow rate at the discharge port of the compressor to supply high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the hot water storage tank during cooling hot water supply or hot water heating. The refrigerant is guided into the heating coil, heated water, and then switched to the condensed cooling/heating mode and selectively returned to both sides of the expansion valve, making it possible to perform cooling/heating and hot water supply at the same time. 1 priority mode, set a certain time period to heat the hot water, and set the inverter at that time to 20~
Since it is operated at a low frequency of 30 Hz, it is efficient and has the effect of suppressing the peak value of the electric power load that occurs during hot water heating operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional heat pump device for air conditioning, heating and cooling, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the heat pump device for cooling, heating, and hot water supply of the present invention. Figure 4 shows the heating load generation pattern of a general house; Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the inverter frequency and the rated heating capacity in the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device of the present invention; and Figure 6 is the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump system of the present invention. It is a flowchart showing the flow of operation of the heat pump device. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3a, 3b...
Indoor heat exchanger, 4... Expansion valve, 5... Outdoor heat exchanger, 6... Hot water storage tank, 7... Three-way valve, 8... Hot water storage tank heating coil, 9, 10, 13a, 13b... Solenoid valve , 12... Inverter, 16... Control device with timer, 17... City water temperature detector, 18... Temperature detector. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In an air conditioning/hot water heat pump device having a compressor, a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, at least one indoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank equipped with a hot water storage tank heating coil, and a hot water storage tank equipped with a hot water storage tank heating coil, Valve means is provided between the refrigerant discharge side of the machine and the four-way valve and guides the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the hot water tank heating coil during cooling water supply and hot water heating, and the hot water storage tank heating coil during cooling hot water supply. A first pipe that guides the refrigerant guided to between the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic valve, and a second electromagnetic pipe that guides the refrigerant guided to the hot water storage tank heating coil when heating the hot water supply. A second pipe leading between the indoor heat exchanger and the expansion valve through a valve is used to lower the rotational speed of the compressor for a predetermined set time while setting the heating operation as the first priority mode during heating/hot water heating operation. A heating/cooling/hot water heat pump device equipped with an inverter that heats hot water using frequency.